FREE SHIPPING BOTH WAYS
ON EVERY ORDER!
LIST PRICE:
$79.33

Sorry, this item is currently unavailable.

Introduction to Psychology

ISBN: 9780155015548 | 0155015540
Edition: 12th
Format: Paperback
Publisher: Wadsworth Publishing
Pub. Date: 1/2/1996

Why Rent from Knetbooks?

Because Knetbooks knows college students. Our rental program is designed to save you time and money. Whether you need a textbook for a semester, quarter or even a summer session, we have an option for you. Simply select a rental period, enter your information and your book will be on its way!

Top 5 reasons to order all your textbooks from Knetbooks:

  • We have the lowest prices on thousands of popular textbooks
  • Free shipping both ways on ALL orders
  • Most orders ship within 48 hours
  • Need your book longer than expected? Extending your rental is simple
  • Our customer support team is always here to help
Table of Contents
... MORE
PREFACEv
A WORD TO THE STUDENT1(5)
PART 1 PSYCHOLOGY AS A SCIENTIFIC AND HUMAN ENDEAVOR6(30)
1 NATURE OF PSYCHOLOGY
6(30)
Scope of Psychology
8(2)
Perspectives in Psychology
10(5)
Origins of Psychological Perspectives
10(1)
Modern Perspectives
11(4)
Relations Between Psychological and Biological Perspectives
15(1)
Methods of Psychology
16(7)
Generating Hypotheses
16(1)
Experimental Method
17(3)
Correlational Method
20(2)
Observational Method
22
Critical Discussion: Ethical Issues in Psychological Research
24
Critical Discussion: Specializations in Psychology
26
Interdisciplinary Approaches
23(7)
Cognitive Neuroscience
24(2)
Evolutionary Psychology
26(2)
Cognitive Science
28(1)
Cultural Psychology
29(1)
Overview of the Book
30(1)
Biological-Psychological Perspectives
31(5)
PART 2 BIOLOGICAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL PROCESSES36(78)
2 NEUROBIOLOGICAL BASIS OF PSYCHOLOGY
36(33)
Properties of Neurons
37(8)
Neurons and Nerves
37(2)
Action Potentials
39(1)
Synaptic Transmission
40(1)
Neurotransmitters and Neuroreceptors
41(1)
Critical Discussion: Molecular Psychology
42(2)
Divisions of the Nervous System
44(1)
Central Core and Limbic System
45(5)
Central Core of the Brain
45(2)
Limbic System
47(1)
Critical Discussion: Pictures of the Living Brain
48(2)
The Cerebrum
50(3)
Structure of the Cerebrum
50(1)
Cortical Areas
50(3)
Asymmetries in the Brain
53(5)
Split-Brain Subjects
55(3)
Hemispheric Specialization
58
Critical Discussion: Language and the Brain
56
Autonomic Nervous System
58(2)
Endocrine System
60(2)
Genetic Influences on Behavior
62(7)
Chromosomes and Genes
62(2)
Genetic Studies of Behavior
64(5)
3 PSYCHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT
69(45)
Interaction Between Nature and Nurture
70(2)
Stages of Development
72(1)
Capacities of the Newborn
72(6)
Vision
73(1)
Hearing
73(1)
Taste and Smell
74(1)
Learning and Memory
74(2)
Critical Discussion: Can Newborns Imitate?
76(2)
Cognitive Development in Childhood
78(10)
Piaget's Stage Theory
78(6)
Evaluation of Piaget
84(2)
Alternatives to Piaget
86(2)
Personality and Social Development
88(16)
Temperament
88(1)
Early Social Behavior
89(2)
Attachment
91(1)
Assessing Attachment
92(3)
Gender Identity and Sex Typing
95(8)
Critical Discussion: Can Sex Education Prevent Childhood Sexism?
103(1)
Development after Childhood
104(5)
Adolescence
104(3)
Early Adulthood
107(1)
Middle Adulthood
107(1)
The Aging Years
108(1)
Biological-Psychological Perspectives
109(5)
PART 3 CONSCIOUSNESS AND PERCEPTION114(112)
4 SENSORY PROCESSES
114(37)
Common Properties of Sensory Modalities
115(6)
Sensitivity
115(4)
Sensory Coding
119
Critical Discussion: Decision Processes in Detection
122
Visual Sense
121(13)
Light and Vision
121(3)
Visual System
124(1)
Seeing Light
125(2)
Seeing Color
127(7)
Auditory Sense
134(8)
Sound Waves
134(1)
Auditory System
135(2)
Hearing Sound Intensity
137(1)
Hearing Pitch
138(2)
Critical Discussion: Artificial Ears and Eyes
140(2)
Other Senses
142(6)
Smell
142(2)
Taste
144(1)
Pressure and Temperature
145(1)
Pain
146(2)
Biological-Psychological Perspectives
148(3)
5 PERCEPTION
151(35)
Division of Labor in the Brain
152(2)
Recognition versus Localization Systems
152(1)
Components of Recognition
153(1)
Localization
154(7)
Segregation of Objects
154(2)
Perceiving Distance
156(2)
Perceiving Motion
158(3)
Recognition
161(9)
Early Stages of Recognition
161(2)
The Matching Stage and Connectionist Models
163(3)
Recognizing Natural Objects and Top-Down Processing
166(2)
Critical Discussion: Breakdown of Recognition
168(2)
Attention
170(4)
Selective Looking and Listening
170(2)
Early versus Late Selection
172(1)
The Neural Basis of Attention
173(1)
Perceptual Constancies
174(4)
Lightness and Color Constancy
174(1)
Shape and Location Constancy
175(1)
Size Constancy
175(3)
Perceptual Development
178(5)
Discrimination by Infants
178(3)
Rearing with Controlled Stimulation
181(2)
Biological-Psychological Perspectives
183(3)
6 CONSCIOUSNESS AND ITS ALTERED STATES
186(40)
Aspects of Consciousness
187(3)
Consciousness
188(1)
Preconscious Memories
188(1)
The Unconscious
189(1)
Dissociation
190(2)
Automatic Processes
190(1)
Dissociative Identity Disorder
191(1)
Sleep and Dreams
192(7)
Stages of Sleep
193(2)
Sleep Disorders
195(2)
Dreams
197(1)
Theories of Dream Sleep
198
Critical Discussion: Memory Consolidation During REM Sleep
200
Psychoactive Drugs
199(10)
Depressants
201(2)
Opiates
203(2)
Stimulants
205(3)
Cannabis
208(1)
Meditation
209(3)
Traditional Forms of Meditation
210(1)
Meditation for Relaxation
210(1)
Effects of Meditation
211(1)
Hypnosis
212(4)
Induction of Hypnosis
212(1)
Hypnotic Suggestions
213(1)
Critical Discussion: The Hidden Observer
214(2)
Psi Phenomena
216(5)
Experimental Evidence
216(1)
Debate Over the Evidence
217(2)
Anecdotal Evidence
219(1)
Skepticism about Psi
220(1)
Biological-Psychological Perspectives
221(5)
PART 4 LEARNING, REMEMBERING, AND THINKING226(108)
7 LEARNING AND CONDITIONING
226(30)
Perspectives on Learning
227(1)
Classical Conditioning
228(9)
Pavlov's Experiments
228(2)
Phenomena and Applications
230(2)
Predictability and Cognitive Factors
232(3)
Biological Constraints
235(2)
Neural Basis of Learning
237(1)
Operant Conditioning
238(10)
Law of Effect
239(1)
Skinner's Experiments
239(1)
Critical Discussion: Neural Basis of Habituation and Sensitization
240(2)
Phenomena and Applications
242(3)
Aversive Conditioning
245(2)
Control and Cognitive Factors
247(1)
Biological Constraints
248(1)
Complex Learning
248(5)
Cognitive Maps and Abstract Concepts
249(1)
Insight Learning
250(1)
Prior Beliefs
251(2)
Biological-Psychological Perspectives
253(3)
8 MEMORY
256(39)
Distinctions about Memory and Their Biological Bases
257(2)
Three Stages of Memory
257(1)
Short-Term versus Long-Term Memory
258(1)
Different Memories for Different Kinds of Information
259(1)
Short-Term Memory
259(7)
Encoding
259(2)
Storage
261(2)
Retrieval
263(1)
Short-Term Memory as Working Memory
263(2)
Transfer from Short-Term to Long-Term Memory
265(1)
Long-Term Memory
266(10)
Encoding
266(1)
Retrieval
267(3)
Storage
270(1)
Encoding-Retrieval Interactions
271(1)
Critical Discussion: Connectionist Models of Memory
272(1)
Emotional Factors in Forgetting
273(3)
Implicit Memory
276(6)
Memory in Amnesia
277(1)
Critical Discussion: Childhood Amnesia
278(1)
A Variety of Memory Stores
279(2)
Implicit Memory in Normal Subjects
281(1)
Improving Memory
282(5)
Chunking and Memory Span
282(1)
Imagery and Encoding
283(1)
Elaboration and Encoding
284(1)
Context and Retrieval
284(1)
Organization
285(1)
Practicing Retrieval
285(1)
PQRST Method
286(1)
Constructive Memory
287(5)
Simple Inferences
288(1)
Stereotypes
289(1)
Schemas
289(1)
Critical Discussion: Recovered Memories or Reconstructed Memories?
290(2)
Biological-Psychological Perspectives
292(3)
9 THOUGHT AND LANGUAGE
295(39)
Concepts and Categorization
296(7)
Functions of Concepts
296(1)
Prototypes
297(1)
Hierarchies of Concepts
298(1)
Acquiring Concepts
299(2)
Neural Bases of Concept Acquisition
301(1)
Critical Discussion: Linguistic Relativity Hypothesis
302(1)
Reasoning
303(4)
Deductive Reasoning
304(1)
Inductive Reasoning
305(2)
Language and Communication
307(5)
Levels of Language
308(1)
Language Units and Processes
308(3)
Effects of Context on Comprehension and Production
311(1)
Development of Language
312(8)
What Is Acquired?
312(2)
Learning Processes
314(1)
Innate Factors
315(3)
Critical Discussion: Brain Localization of Language
318(2)
Imaginal Thought
320(3)
Neural Basis of Imagery
320(2)
Imaginal Operations
322(1)
Visual Creativity
323(1)
Thought In Action: Problem Solving
323(5)
Problem-Solving Strategies
324(1)
Representing the Problem
325(1)
Experts versus Novices
326(1)
Computer Simulation
327(1)
Biological-Psychological Perspectives
328(6)
PART 5 MOTIVATION AND EMOTION334(76)
10 BASIC MOTIVES by Kent Berridge, University of Michigan
334(43)
Reward and Incentive Motivation
336(4)
Critical Discussion: Imprinting--Interaction Between Learning and Instinct
338(1)
Drug Addiction and Reward
339(1)
Homeostasis and Drives
340(4)
Temperature and Homeostasis
341(1)
Thirst as a Homeostatic Process
342(2)
Hunger
344(6)
Homeostasis and Incentive Interaction in Hunger
345(1)
Physiological Hunger Cues
346(1)
Integration of Hunger Signals Within the Brain
347(3)
Obesity and Anorexia
350(10)
Genetic Factors in Obesity
351(2)
Overeating and Obesity
353(1)
Dieting and Weight Control
354(2)
Anorexia
356(3)
Bulimia
359(1)
Early Sexual Development
360(3)
Prenatal Hormones
360(1)
Hormones versus Environment in Human Sexuality
361(2)
Adult Sexuality
363(11)
Effects of Hormones on Desire and Arousal
364(1)
Neural Control
365(1)
Early Experiences
365(1)
Cultural Influences
366(2)
Sex Differences
368(1)
Sexual Orientation
368(6)
Biological-Psychological Perspectives
374(3)
11 EMOTIONS
377(33)
Components of an Emotion
378(1)
Arousal and Emotion
379(4)
Physiological Basis
379(2)
Intensity of Emotions
381(1)
Differentiation of Emotions
382
Critical Discussion: Using Arousal to Detect Lies
384
Cognition and Emotion
383(7)
Intensity and Differentation of Emotions
383(5)
Dimensions of Appraisal
388(1)
Some Clinical Implications
389(1)
Emotion without Cognition
390(1)
Expression and Emotion
390(4)
Communication of Emotional Expressions
391(2)
Brain Localization
393(1)
Intensity and Differentation of Emotions
393(1)
General Reactions to Being in an Emotional State
394(3)
Energy and Disruption
395(1)
Attention and Learning: Mood Congruence
395(1)
Evaluation and Estimation: Mood Effects
396(1)
Aggression as an Emotional Reaction
397(8)
Aggression as a Drive
397(2)
Aggression as a Learned Response
399(3)
Aggressive Expression and Catharsis
402(3)
Biological-Psychological Perspectives
405(5)
PART 6 PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUALITY410(66)
12 INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
410(36)
Assessment of Individual Differences
411(17)
Characteristics of a Good Test
411(2)
Assessment of Intellectual Abilities
413(8)
Assessment of Personality
421(7)
Interaction Between Nature and Nurture
428(9)
Sources of Variance
429(1)
Heritability
430(2)
Critical Discussion: Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart
432(2)
Personality-Environment Interactions
434(3)
Continuity of Personality Across the Life Course
437(6)
Evidence for Continuity
437(1)
Sources of Continuity
437(2)
Critical Discussion: Studying Personality the Long Way
439(3)
Sources of Discontinuity
442(1)
Biological-Psychological Perspectives
443(3)
13 PERSONALITY
446(30)
Psychoanalytic Approach
447(8)
Personality Structure
448(1)
Personality Dynamics
449(1)
Personality Development
450(1)
Modifications of Freud's Theories
451(1)
Critical Discussion: Controversial Tests of Freud's Oedipal Theory
452(1)
Psychoanalytic Portrait of Human Nature
453(1)
Evaluation of Psychoanalytic Approach
454(1)
Behavioristic Approach
455(8)
Social Learning and Conditioning
455(2)
Research Methods
457(1)
The Consistency Paradox
458(1)
Critical Discussion: Six Reasons Why Our Intuitions About Consistency Are Wrong
459(3)
Behavioristic Portrait of Human Nature
462(1)
Evaluation of Behavioristic Approach
463(1)
Phenomenological Approach
463(8)
Humanistic Psychology
463(4)
Personal Construct Theory
467(2)
Phenomenological Portrait of Human Nature
469(1)
Evaluation of Phenomenological Approach
470(1)
Biological-Psychological Perspectives
471(5)
PART 7 STRESS, PSYCHOPATHOLOGY, AND THERAPY476(116)
14 STRESS, HEALTH, AND COPING
476(33)
Characteristics of Stressful Events
477(6)
Traumatic Events
478(1)
Controllability
478(1)
Predictability
479(1)
Challenging Our Limits
480(1)
Internal Conflicts
481(1)
Critical Discussion: Sexual Abuse as a Major Stressor
482(1)
Physiological Reactions to Stress
483(3)
Anxiety
483(1)
Anger and Aggression
484(1)
Apathy and Depression
484(1)
Cognitive Impairment
485(1)
Physiological Reactions to Stress
486(2)
Physiological Stress Response
486(2)
How Stress Affects Health
488(5)
Direct Effects of Stress on Health
488(4)
Health Behaviors
492(1)
Appraisals and Personality as Mediators of Stress Response
493(4)
Psychoanalytic Theory
493(1)
Behavioral Theory
493(1)
Cognitive Theory
493(2)
Type A Pattern
495(2)
Coping Skills
497(5)
Problem-Focused Coping
497(1)
Emotion-Focused Coping
497(2)
Defense Mechanisms as Emotion-Focused Coping
499(3)
Managing Stress
502(4)
Behavioral Techniques
503(1)
Cognitive Techniques
504(1)
Modifying Type A Behavior
505(1)
Critical Discussion: Can Psychological Interventions Affect the Course of Cancer?
506(1)
Biological-Psychological Perspectives
506(3)
15 ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY
509(44)
Abnormal Behavior
510(6)
Defining Abnormality
510(1)
What Is Normality
511(1)
Classifying Abnormal Behavior
512(4)
Anxiety Disorders
516(8)
Generalized Anxiety and Panic Disorders
516(1)
Phobias
517(1)
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders
518(1)
Understanding Anxiety Disorders
519(5)
Mood Disorders
524(9)
Depression
524(1)
Bipolar Disorders
525(1)
Critical Discussion: Depression and Suicide
526(2)
Understanding Mood Disorders
528(4)
Critical Discussion: Illusion and Well-Being
532(1)
Schizophrenia
533(9)
Characteristics of Schizophrenia
534(2)
Understanding Schizophrenia
536(6)
Personality Disorders
542(8)
Antisocial Personality
543(1)
Understanding Antisocial Personalities
543(3)
Critical Discussion: Insanity as a Legal Defense
546(1)
Borderline Personality Disorder
547(2)
Understanding Borderline Personalities
549(1)
Biological-Psychological Perspectives
550(3)
16 METHODS OF THERAPY
553(39)
Historical Background
554(4)
Early Asylums
554(1)
Modern Treatment Facilities
555(2)
Professions Involved in Psychotherapy
557(1)
Techniques of Psychotherapy
558(15)
Psychoanalysis
558(2)
Psychoanalytic Therapies
560(1)
Behavior Therapies
561(4)
Cognitive Behavior Therapies
565(3)
Humanistic Therapies
568(1)
An Eclectic Approach
569(1)
Group and Family Therapy
570(3)
Effectiveness of Psychotherapy
573(4)
Evaluating Psychotherapy
573(2)
Comparing Psychotherapies
575(1)
Common Factors in Psychotherapies
575(2)
Biological Therapies
577(4)
Psychotherapeutic Drugs
577(1)
Critical Discussion: The Placebo Response
578(2)
Electroconvulsive Therapy
580(1)
The Effects of Culture and Gender on Therapies
581(2)
Enhancing Mental Health
583(3)
Community Resources and Paraprofessionals
583(1)
Promoting Your Own Emotional Well-Being
584(2)
Biological-Psychological Perspectives
586(6)
PART 8 SOCIAL BEHAVIOR592(92)
17 SOCIAL COGNITION AND AFFECT
592(36)
Intuitive Theories of Social Behavior
593(13)
Storing and Retrieving Data: Schemas
593(5)
Perceiving Covariation Stereotypes
598(3)
Inferring Causality: Attributions
601(2)
Critical Discussion: Cross-Cultural Differences in Attribution Processes
603(3)
Attitudes
606(8)
Consistency of Attitudes
607(2)
Functions of Attitudes
609(2)
Attitudes and Behavior
611(3)
Interpersonal Attraction
614(11)
Liking
614(4)
Romantic/Sexual Attraction and Love
618(2)
Critical Discussion: Producing Passion With Extrinsic Arousal
620(3)
Pair Bonding and Mating Strategies
623(2)
Biological-Psychological Perspectives
625(3)
18 SOCIAL INTERACTION AND INFLUENCE
628(34)
Presence of Others
628(8)
Social Facilitation
629(2)
Deindividuation
631(2)
Bystander Intervention
633(3)
Compliance and Resistance
636(12)
Conformity to a Majority
636(2)
Minority Influence
638(1)
Obedience to Authority
639(5)
Critical Discussion: Ethical Issues in Milgram's Obedience Studies
644(1)
Power of Situations
645(1)
Rebellion
645(3)
Identification and Internalization
648(6)
Persuasive Communication
648(4)
Reference Groups
652(2)
Collective Decision Making
654(4)
Group Polarization
654(2)
Groupthink
656(2)
Biological-Psychological Perspectives
658(4)
APPENDIX I BRIEF HISTORY OF PSYCHOLOGY
662(9)
Schools of Psychology
664(3)
Structuralism and Functionalism
664(1)
Behaviorism
665(1)
Gestalt Psychology
666(1)
Psychoanalysis
667(1)
Recent Developments
667(4)
APPENDIX II STATISTICAL METHODS AND MEASUREMENTS
671(13)
Descriptive Statistics
672(1)
Frequency Distributions
672(1)
Measures of Central Tendency
673(1)
Measures of Variation
674(2)
Statistical Inference
676(5)
Populations and Samples
676(1)
Normal Distribution
677(1)
Scaling of Data
678(1)
How Representative is a Mean?
679(1)
Significance of a Difference
679(2)
Coefficient of Correlation
681(3)
Product-Moment Correlation
681(1)
Interpreting a Correlation Coefficient
682(2)
GLOSSARY684(26)
REFERENCES710(36)
COPYRIGHTS AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS AND ILLUSTRATION CREDITS746(5)
NAME INDEX751(10)
SUBJECT INDEX761

Related Products


  • *BUNDLE SP+ HILGARD'S INTRO TO PSYCHOLOGY
    *BUNDLE SP+ HILGARD'S INTRO TO...
  • Atkinson & Hilgard's Introduction to Psychology
    Atkinson & Hilgard's Introduct...
  • Atkinson and Hildegard's Introduction to Psychology 15e
    Atkinson and Hildegard's Intro...
  • Atkinson and Hilgard's Introduction to Psychology + Lecture Outlines for Note Taking for Atkinson & Hilgard's Introduction to Psychology + Passcode for Website (2-Book + Website Package)
    Atkinson and Hilgard's Introdu...
  • Bundle: Hilgards Intro To Psy 14E+Sg
    Bundle: Hilgards Intro To Psy ...
  • Hilgard's Introduction to Psychology
    Hilgard's Introduction to Psyc...
  • Outlines & Highlights for Atkinson and Hilgard`s Introduction to Psychology
    Outlines & Highlights for Atki...
  • Outlines and Highlights for Atkinson and Hilgards Introduction to Psychology by Susan Nolen-Hoeksema, Isbn : 9781844807284
    Outlines and Highlights for At...


Please wait while this item is added to your cart...