9781608716753

Intelligence veteran Mark M. Lowenthal details how the intelligence community's history, structure, procedures, and functions affect policy decisions. With straightforward and friendly prose, the book demystifies a complex process. The fifth edition highlights crucial developments and new challenges in the intelligence community, including: changes in the management of U.S. intelligence and the fourth DNI in five years; Obama administration policies; developments in collection and analysis; the killing of bin Laden, Wikileaks, and updates on Russia, North Korea, China, and the Middle East; the ability to handle the shift from large-scale attacks to smaller, individual attempts; expanded coverage of foreign intelligence services and new coverage of intelligence in authoritarian regimes.

Mark M. Lowenthal has thirty-six years of experience as an intelligence official in the executive and legislative branches of government and in the private sector. He has served in the Congressional Research Service, the State Department, the House Intelligence Committee as staff director and the CIA, where he served as the assistant director of central intelligence for analysis and production, and also as vice chairman for evaluation on the National Intelligence Council. He is now the President and CEO of the Intelligence Security Academy. Dr. Lowenthal received his B.A. from Brooklyn College and his Ph.D. in history from Harvard University. He is an adjunct professor at the Johns Hopkins University; he was an adjunct professor at Columbia University from 1993-2007.

Tables, Figures, and Boxes	p. x
Preface	p. xii
Acronyms	p. xvi
What is "Intelligence"?	p. 1
Why Have Intelligence Agencies?	p. 2
What is Intelligence About?	p. 4
Key Terms	p. 9
Further Readings	p. 9
The Development of U.S. Intelligence	p. 11
Major Themes	p. 11
Major Historical Developments	p. 18
Key Terms	p. 28
Further Readings	p. 28
The U.S. Intelligence Community	p. 31
Alternative Ways of Looking at the Intelligence Community	p. 35
The Many Different Intelligence Communities	p. 37
Intelligence Community Relationships That Matter	p. 41
The Intelligence Budget Process	p. 52
Key Terms	p. 56
Further Readings	p. 56
The Intelligence Process-A Macro Look: Who Does What For Whom?	p. 57
Requirements	p. 58
Collection	p. 62
Processing and Exploitation	p. 63
Analysis and Production	p. 64
Dissemination and Consumption	p. 65
Feedback	p. 67
Thinking about the Intelligence Process	p. 67
Key Terms	p. 70
Further Readings	p. 70
Collection and the Collection Disciplines	p. 71
Overarching Themes	p. 71
Strengths and Weaknesses	p. 88
Conclusion	p. 113
Key Terms	p. 115
Further Readings	p. 116
Analysis	p. 119
Major Themes	p. 120
Analytical Issues	p. 136
Intelligence Analysis: An Assessment	p. 157
Key Terms	p. 160
Further Readings	p. 160
Counterintelligence	p. 163
Internal Safeguards	p. 164
External Indicators and Counterespionage	p. 169
Problems in Counterintelligence	p. 170
Leaks	p. 174
National Security Letters	p. 176
Conclusion	p. 177
Key Terms	p. 178
Further Readings	p. 178
Covert Action	p. 181
The Decision-Making Process	p. 182
The Range of Covert Actions	p. 186
Issues in Covert Action	p. 189
Assessing Covert Action	p. 196
Key Terms	p. 197
Further Readings	p. 197
The Role of the Policy Maker	p. 199
The U.S. National Security Policy Process	p. 199
Who Wants What?	p. 202
The Intelligence Process: Policy and Intelligence	p. 206
Further Readings	p. 216
Oversight and Accountability	p. 217
Executive Oversight Issues	p. 217
Congressional Oversight	p. 223
Issues in Congressional Oversight	p. 231
Internal Dynamics of Congressional Oversight	p. 239
Conclusion	p. 247
Key Terms	p. 247
Further Readings	p. 247
The Intelligence Agenda: Nation-States	p. 251
The Primacy of the Soviet Issue	p. 252
The Emphasis on Soviet Military Capabilities	p. 254
The Emphasis on Statistical Intelligence	p. 258
The "Comfort" of a Bilateral Relationship	p. 259
Collapse of the Soviet Union	p. 259
Intelligence and the Soviet Problem	p. 261
The Current Nation-State Issue	p. 262
Key Terms	p. 269
Further Readings	p. 270
The Intelligence Agenda: Transnational Issues	p. 271
U.S. National Security Policy and Intelligence after the Cold War	p. 271
Intelligence and the New Priorities	p. 273
Cyberspace	p. 274
Terrorism	p. 278
Proliferation	p. 287
Narcotics	p. 293
Economics	p. 295
Demographics	p. 297
Health and the Environment	p. 298
Peacekeeping Operations	p. 300
Support to the Military	p. 301
Conclusion	p. 302
Key Terms	p. 303
Further Readings	p. 303
Ethical and Moral Issues in Intelligence	p. 307
General Moral Questions	p. 307
Issues Related to Collection and Covert Action	p. 313
Analysis-Related Issues	p. 319
Oversight-Related Issues	p. 322
The Media	p. 324
Conclusion	p. 325
Further Readings	p. 325
Intelligence Reform	p. 327
The Purpose of Reform	p. 327
Issues in Intelligence Reform	p. 329
Conclusion	p. 343
Further Readings	p. 344
Foreign Intelligence Services	p. 345
Britain	p. 345
China	p. 351
France	p. 353
Israel	p. 356
Russia	p. 360
Other Services	p. 364
Other Services in Brief	p. 372
Conclusion	p. 374
Further Readings	p. 374
Additional Bibliographic Citations and Websites	p. 379
Major Intelligence Reviews or Proposals	p. 383
Author Index	p. 387
Subject Index	p. 390
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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Intelligence

Intelligence

1608716759

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Author Biography

Table of Contents

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