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The Human Venture: A World History from Prehistory to the Present

ISBN: 9780131906952 | 013190695X
Format: Hardcover
Publisher: Prentice Hall
Pub. Date: 11/1/1996

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Table of Contents
PREFACEXV
THE GREAT ENTERPRISE: A WORLD HISTORY TO 15001(352)
Introduction VENTURE INTO HISTORY1(5)
An Undertaking of Uncertain Outcome2(1)
The Human Commitment to History... MORE(1)
History and Civilization4(1)
Suggested Reading5(1)
Chapter 1 BEFORE CIVILIZATION
6(19)
Human Development
7(6)
Beginnings
The Bone Hunters
Biological Evolution
The Prehistoric Migrations
The Human Races
Paleolithic Food Gatherers
13(3)
The Food-Gathering Band
Stone Age Women
Beginnings of Religion and Art
Neolithic Farmers
16(4)
The Discovery of Agriculture
Crops and Flocks
Life in the Neolithic Village
Alternate Lifestyles
The Transition to Civilization
20(2)
From Clan to Kingdom
The Emergence of Civilization
Monarchy, Hierarchy, and Patriarchy
City Life
Summary
22(1)
Suggested Readings
23(2)
OVERVIEW I THE DAWN AGE25(3)
Chapter 2 THE BIRTH OF THE CITY
28(14)
Mesopotamian Society
29(3)
A Land between Two Rivers
Irrigation, Building, Bronze Age Crafts
The City and the City-State
The Palace and the Temple
Mesopotamian Empires
32(5)
Impediments to Empire
Sargon of Akkad
Hammurabi of Babylon
The Assyrian Warfare State
Nebuchadnezzar and the New Babylonian Empire
Mesopotamian Culture
37(4)
Polytheistic Religions
Writing, Learning, and Literature
The Arts: Gold and Lapis Lazuli
Summary
41(1)
Suggested Reading
41(1)
Chapter 3 THE KINGDOM OF THE NILE
42(16)
The Pyramid Age
43(4)
Egypt--The Gift of the Nile
Egypt and Africa
The Pharaohs Unify the Land
The Old Kingdom: The Pyramid Builders
The Middle Kingdom: A Bridge between Two Worlds
The Egyptian Empire
47(6)
The New Kingdom: The Turn Toward Empire
Queen Hatshepsut and Thutmose the Conqueror
Akhenaton, the Heretic Pharaoh
Final Glories and a Long Decline
Egyptian Society
The Wisdom of the Egyptians
53(3)
Hieroglyphics, Science, and Literature
Pyramids, Obelisks, and the Egyptian Canon
Many Gods and Eternal Life
Summary
56(1)
Suggested Reading
56(2)
Chapter 4 NUBIA AND CARTHAGE
58(11)
Africa South and West
59(1)
The Second Largest Continent
Farmers and Gatherers South of the Sahara
Nubia, Kush, and Inner Africa
60(4)
The Nubian Corridor
The Rise of Kerma
The Kingdom of Kush
The Furnaces of Meroe
Carthage: The Empire of the Western Seas
64(3)
The Phoenician Diaspora
Peoples of the Maghreb
The Carthaginian Empire
The Voyages of Hanno
Rivals of the Greeks and the Romans
Summary
67(1)
Suggested Reading
67(2)
Chapter 5 HEBREWS AND PERSIANS
69(15)
Turbulent Centuries
70(2)
The Near East in Tumult
The Ebla Tablets
The Hittites and the Iron Age
The Far-Trading Phoenicians
The Hebrews and the Birth of Monotheism
72(5)
The Wandering Years
The Kingdom of David
The Splendor of Solomon--and After
The Faith of the Hebrews
The Hebrew Heritage
The Persians: Masters of the Middle East
76(6)
The Middle East
Cyrus the Great
Darius the Great
Seleucids and Parthians
The Sassanids
The Faith of Zoroaster
The Pillars of Persepolis
Summary
82(1)
Suggested Reading
82(2)
Chapter 6 THE CITIES OF INDIA
84(15)
Lost Civilization of the Indus
85(2)
The Indian Subcontinent
Harappan Culture
The Aryan Invasions
Kingdoms of the Ganges
87(6)
Cities in the Jungle
Social Structure: From Color Bar to Caste
The Rise of the Rajas
The Mauryas: Chandragupta
Asoka, the Philosopher King
The Soul of India
93(4)
The Lost Arts of Ancient India
Epic Poetry: The Song of God
Hinduism: From the Sacred Cow to Brahman
The Naked Philosophers
Buddhism: The Teachings of Prince Siddartha
Summary
97(1)
Suggested Reading
98(1)
Chapter 7 THE CHINESE EMPIRE EMERGES
99(16)
Shang Culture
100(2)
The Middle Kingdom of East Asia
From Prehistory to History
Shang Society
The Zhou Dynasty and Chinese Feudalism
102(2)
The Kings of the Western Zhou
Zhou Feudalism
The Eastern Zhou: Progress in a World at War
The Qin Dynasty Unifies China
104(4)
The Rise of the House of Qin
Shi Huangdi: The First Emperor of China
The Man Who Built the Great Wall of China
Art and Thought of Ancient China
108(5)
Art: Bronze Dragons and Clay Soldiers
Literature: Chinese Characters and the Book of Songs
The Sages: The Teachings of Confucius
The Hundred Flowers
Summary
113(1)
Suggested Reading
113(2)
Chapter 8 THE OLMECS AND CHAVIN CULTURE
115(9)
The First North Americans
116(2)
The Americas before Columbus
Hunters and Farmers
Regional Economies of North America
Harmony with Nature
Mexico: The Olmecs
118(2)
Origins of the Olmecs
Olmec Culture
Olmec Society
Peru: Chavin Culture
120(3)
Origins of the Chavin Culture
Ruins in the Andes
Chavin Religion and Art
Summary
123(1)
Suggested Reading
123(1)
Chapter 9 THE GREEK CITY-STATES
124(20)
Minoans and Mycenaeans
125(4)
Mountains and the Sea
The Minoan Sea Kings
The Mycenaeans: Lords of the Lion Gate
The Greek Dark Age
Classical Greece
129(7)
Wealth and Colonies
The Greek City-State
The Persian War: Marathon to Salamis
The Athens of Pericles
The Peloponnesian War
Alexander the Great: Long March to Glory
The Fountainhead of Western Culture
136(5)
The Greek Achievement
The Art of the Acropolis
Homer's Epics and Athenian Tragedy
Philosophy: Socrates, Plato, Aristotle
History and Science
Summary
141(1)
Suggested Reading
142(2)
Chapter 10 CULTURAL EVOLUTION
144(9)
Diffusion versus Parallel Evolution
145(1)
Cultural Diffusion
Parallel Evolution
Parallel Developments around the Globe
146(6)
Agriculture in the Americas
Ironworking in Africa
The Search for Truth across Eurasia
The Axial Age
Summary
152(1)
Suggested Reading
152(1)
OVERVIEW II THE CLASSIC AGE153(3)
Chapter 11 ROME RULES THE WESTERN WORLD
156(18)
The Roman Republic
157(5)
The Roman City-State
Rome Rules the Mediterranean
The Roman Civil War
Julius Caesar
The Roman Empire
162(4)
Augustus Caesar
The Roman Peace
The Crisis of the Third Century
Decline and Fall
The Roman Achievement
166(6)
Greeks and Romans
Art and Engineering
Poems and Plays: Vergil
The Message of Jesus
The Triumph of the Church
Summary
172(1)
Suggested Reading
172(2)
Chapter 12 GOLDEN AGE ON THE GANGES
174(13)
India between the Mauryas and the Guptas
175(3)
A Geographical Expression
Invaders of the Punjab: The Kushans
Kingdoms of the Deccan: The Tamils
Nations of Shopkeepers
The Gupta Golden Age
178(3)
Chandra Gupta I: The Raja of the Rajas
Samudra and Chandra Gupta II
The Hindu Golden Age
Art and Indian Piety
181(5)
Evolving Faiths: Mahayana Buddhism
The Hindu Renaissance
The Art of Caves and Stupas
Beast Fables and Courtly Love
Mathematics, Medicine, and Science
Summary
186(1)
Suggested Reading
186(1)
Chapter 13 THE HAN CHINESE EMPIRE
187(13)
The Han Dynasty
188(5)
The Founder of the Former Han: Han Gaozu
The Sustainer: Empress Lu
The Martial Emperor: Han Wudi
Wang Mang and the Interregnum
The Later Han: New Frontiers
The Mandate Passes
The Structure of Han China
193(3)
The Imperial Mystique
The Scholar-Bureaucrats
Sixty Million Chinese--and Counting
The Women of the Han
The Mind and Art of the Han
196(2)
The Triumph of Confucianism
The Grand Historian
Art in the Palace of Han
Summary
198(1)
Suggested Reading
198(2)
Chapter 14 AXUM AND AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA
200(7)
Africa and the Mediterranean
201(1)
Greek and Roman Africa
Alexandria
Axum
202(3)
Axum and the Red Sea
Axumite Society
The Culture of Axum
Africa South of the Sahara
205(1)
Saharan and Sub-Saharan Cultures
Technology--Metals and Salt
Trade--The Camel Revolution
Political Organization--Hints of Things to Come
Summary
206(1)
Suggested Reading
206(1)
Chapter 15 FROM THE MOCHICA TO THE MAYANS
207(11)
North American Cultures
208(1)
Spread of Agriculture
The Desert Southwest: Mogollon and Hohokam
The Eastern Woodlands: Adena and Hopewell
Society and Culture
South American Societies
209(3)
Growing Populations
The Mochica Pottery Makers
Peruvian Culture
Middle American Civilization
212(4)
The Pyramids of Teotihuacan
The Mayan City-States
The Minds of the Mayans
Summary
216(1)
Suggested Reading
216(2)
Chapter 16 CULTURAL DIFFUSION
218(17)
Cultural Contact
219(1)
Forms of Cultural Interaction
First Steps on a Long Road
Migration: An Urge to Move On
219(6)
Whole Peoples on the March
The Bantu Migrations
Seaborne Migrations across the Pacific
Trade: Voyaging by Land and Sea
225(5)
The Horse-Trading Impulse
Caravans across Eurasia
Riding the Monsoon Winds to India
Canoes on the Caribbean
Cultural Diffusion: The Outreach of Ideas
230(2)
Definitions of Culture
The Missionary Impulse
Summary
232(1)
Suggested Reading
232(3)
OVERVIEW III ZONE OF CULTURE AROUND THE WORLD235(3)
Chapter 17 THE CENTURIES OF CHRISTENDOM
238(23)
The Early Middle Ages
239(6)
The Western End of Eurasia
The Reign of the Barbarian
Charlemagne's Empire
The Feudal Lords
Serfs of the Manor
The Life of the Church
Women in Early Medieval Society
The High Middle Ages
245(5)
The Rebirth of Cities
The Feudal Monarchs
The Feudal Monarchies
The Popes and the Power of the Keys
Women in the Later Middle Ages
Eastern Europe and Beyond
250(4)
The Byzantine Empire
From Kiev to Muscovy
The Crusades: Rehearsal for Empire
The End of the Middle Ages
254(1)
God's Heavy Flail--or a Time of Change?
Schism and War
Plague and Depression
Medieval Christian Culture
255(4)
The Daughter of God
Faith and Fanaticism
The Twelfth Century Renaissance
The Art of the Cathedrals
Medieval Literature: Roland's Horn, Dante's Hell, and the Canterbury Pilgrims
Summary
259(1)
Suggested Reading
259(2)
Chapter 18 THE MUSLIM CENTER
261(15)
The Prophet and the Holy War
262(3)
Muhammad, the Messenger of God
The Teachings of the Prophet
Jihad: The First Muslim Holy War
The Arab Empire
265(5)
The Caliphs: Successors to the Prophet
The Omayyads
The Abbasids
The Splendors of Baghdad
The Faith and Art of Islam
270(4)
The Koran, the Law, and the Five Pillars of Islam
The Sufi Tradition: Ecstasies and Trances
Islamic Art: Mosques and Minarets
Arab Literature: Poems and Tales
Philosophy and Science: Knowledge Lights the Way to Heaven
Summary
274(1)
Suggested Reading
275(1)
Chapter 19 GHANA AND MALI, ETHIOPIA AND ZANJ
276(11)
West African Empires
277(4)
The Bilad al Sudan
Ghana: The Land of Gold
Mali: Where the King Dwells
Mansa Musa's Pilgrimage
Christian Kingdoms of East Africa
281(4)
The Christian States of Nubia
The Christian Kingdom of Ethiopia
A Capital on the Move, A Mountain of Kings
Christian Art of Africa
East Africa Trading Cities
285(1)
The City-States of Zanj
Swahili Culture
Summary
286(1)
Suggested Reading
286(1)
Chapter 20 INDIA AND SOUTHEAST ASIA
287(12)
India between the Guptas and the Moguls
288(4)
The Timeless Land
Attempts at Unity: Harsha and the Delhi Sultanate
Invasions and Divisions
Rajputs and Dravidians, Caste and Sex
Religion and Art in India
292(2)
A Ferment of Religions: Hinduism and Buddhism
The Spread of Islam
The Age of the Temple Builders
The Indian Zone: Southeast Asia
294(3)
A Pattern of Village Life
Missionaries and Merchants of the Indies
Lands of a Million Elephants: From Malacca to Angkor Wat
Summary
297(1)
Suggested Reading
298(1)
Chapter 21 CHINA AND EAST ASIA
299(17)
The Tang Dynasty
300(4)
The Center of the World
The Six Dynasties
The Greatest of Emperors: Tang Taizong
The Greatest Empress: Wu Zetian
The Brilliant Emperor: Tang Xuanzong
The World's Largest Country
Equal Fields and Wide Empire
The Song Dynasty
304(3)
The Five Dynasties
Northern Song, Southern Song
The First Meritocracy
Economics and Social Classes
The Culture of the Tang and Song
307(4)
Missionary Buddhism and the New Confucianism
Science and Technology: From Gunpowder to the Printing Press
Poetry: Moon in the Water
Art: Mountains in the Mist
China's Sphere of Influence
311(3)
The Borderlands
Vietnam: The Lesser Dragon
Korea and Chinese Cultural Hegemony
Japan and the Chinese Model
The Culture of Court and Monastery
Summary
314(1)
Suggested Reading
315(1)
Chapter 22 THE MONGOL EMPIRE
316(12)
The Nomads of Eurasia
317(2)
The Double Continent
Nomads of the Steppes
Steppe Nomads and Civilization
The Rise and Fall of the Mongols
319(4)
Genghis Khan, Lord of All Men
The Mongol Conquests
The Mongol Empire
The End of the Mongol Adventure
The Impact of the Mongol Imperium
323(3)
Mongol Culture
Russia and the Golden Horde
China and the Mongol Khans
China in the Days of Marco Polo
The Fall of the Mongols
Summary
326(1)
Suggested Reading
327(1)
Chapter 23 FROM THE TOLTECS TO CHIMU
328(9)
North America: The Pueblos and the Great Mounds
329(2)
Pueblo Culture
The Mississippi Culture
Cahokia
Middle America: The Toltecs
331(3)
Mexico and Peru: Continuing Centers of American Civilization
Changes in New World Civilizations
The Toltecs: A Race of Legendary Heroes
South America: Peoples of the Mountains and the Shore
334(2)
Tiahuanaco and Huari: Cities of the Andes
Chimu: People of the Coast
The Power of the Chimu State
Summary
336(1)
Suggested Reading
336(1)
Chapter 24 DIVERSITY AND COMMUNITY
337(16)
Cultural Diversity
338(6)
1500: An End and a Beginning
Cultural Differences
Centers of Civilization
A World in Balance
Global Hegemony
344(4)
Columbus: Upsetting the Balance
Western Imperialism
The Globalization of History
Many Histories--or One?
Toward a Global Community
348(2)
Human Communities
Basic Communities--A Tale of Two Cities
Increasing Scope and Interaction of Communities
The Grip of Older Communities
The Drift toward a Global Community
Summary
350(1)
Suggested Reading
351(2)
THE GLOBE ENCOMPASED: A WORLD HISTORY SINCE 1500353
OVERVIEW IV THE WORLD IN BALANCE353
Chapter 25 EUROPE'S REBIRTH AND REFORMATION
356(19)
The New Wealth
357(4)
Remembering the Renaissance
The Western World 500 Years Ago
The Renaissance Economic Revival
Sources of the Capitalist Spirit
Money, Power, and Culture
Renaissance Ladies and Culture
The New Rulers
361(4)
The Renaissance Revival of Princely Power
France: The Spider and the Knight
Spain: The Golden Century
England: Bluff Prince Hal and Good Queen Bess
The Renaissance of Western Art
365(3)
The Humanist Movement
Art in the Age of Leonardo and Michelangelo
Literature in the Age of Shakespeare
The Reformation of Religion
368(5)
The Decline of the Western Church
Martin Luther: Here I Stand
John Calvin: Building the New Jerusalem
The Catholic Reformation
The Wars of Religion
The World Had a Problem
Summary
373(1)
Suggested Reading
373(2)
Chapter 26 THE MUSLIM EMPIRES
375(15)
The Abode of Islam
376(3)
The Muslim World: From Timbuktu to Malacca
A Transregional Zone
A Divided Realm
A Resurgence of Islamic Power
The Muslim Dynasties: Ottomans, Safavids, Moguls
379(5)
The Ottoman Empire: The Ghazi Princes
Suleiman the Magnificent
Safavid Persia: The Shiite Kingdom
Shah Abbas of Isfahan
Mogul India: A Rabble of Adventurers
The Three Lives of Akbar the Great
Islamic Culture: The Garden of Omar Khayyam
384(4)
The City and the Village
Women in the Muslim World
Literature and Learning: The Influence of Persia
The Luminous Power of Art
Architecture: The Most Beautiful Building in the World
Summary
388(1)
Suggested Reading
389(1)
Chapter 27 MING CHINA AND ITS SPHERE
390(13)
The Confucian Zone
391(1)
East Asia: The World beyond the Mountains
China and Its Sphere of Influence
The Ming Dynasty
392(4)
The Pig Emperor: Zhu Yuanzhang
Yongle and the Precious Ships
Government and Society: Mandarins and Peasant Masses
Women in Traditional China
A Land of Sages Confronts the Barbarians
Satellite Civilizations
396(3)
The Middle Kingdom and Its Neighbors
Influence on Korea, Vietnam, and Manchuria
Independent Japan: Land of the Samurai
China and Japan: Contrasting Cultures
399(2)
Cultural Differences
Ming Culture: Fisherman's Flute to Golden Lotus
Japan: From the Pure Land to Lady Nijo
Summary
401(1)
Suggested Reading
402(1)
Chapter 28 FROM SONGHAI TO GREAT ZIMBABWE
403(13)
West Africa
404(4)
The Unknown Land
The Sudannic Empires: Songhai
The Hausa States: Kano
The Kingdoms of the Guinea Coast: Benin
Central and East Africa
408(2)
The Kingdom of Kongo
The Riddle of Great Zimbabwe
African Society and Culture
410(4)
African Society
Queens of the Marketplace
The Life of Timbuktu
The Benin Bronzes
Summary
414(1)
Suggested Reading
415(1)
Chapter 29 THE AZTECS AND THE INCAS
416(12)
Kingdoms beyond the Seas
417(1)
A Separate World
Twenty Centuries of History
The Aztecs: Warrior Lords of Mexico
417(5)
The Meanings of Quetzalcoatl
Mesoamerican Society
The Rise of the Aztecs
The Aztec Empire
The Incas: Empire of the Andes
422(1)
A Land and People Divided
Pachacuti Inca and the Unification of the Andes
The Inca Empire
Parallel Cultures of Mexico and Peru
423(3)
Common Base, Parallel Evolution
Tenochtitlan: Hearts for the Gods of Mexico
Cuzco: The King's Highway
Summary
426(1)
Suggested Reading
427(1)
Chapter 30 PREURBAN PEOPLES
428(11)
Alternate Styles of Life
429(1)
Images: Beastmen and Cannibals
Theories: Levels of Culture
Preurban Peoples of the Old World
430(2)
Europe's Steppe Frontier
The Borderlands of Asia
Africa Farther South
Preurban Peoples of the Americas and Oceania
432(2)
The Rest of Latin America
Stone Age North America
Aboriginal Australia and the Islands
Preurban Culture
434(2)
Dancing the Mask
The Ritual Ball Game
The Coming Catastrophe
Summary
436(1)
Suggested Reading
437(2)
OVERVIEW V THE WORLD OF INTERCONTINENTAL EMPIRES439(3)
Chapter 31 THE RISE OF WESTERN IMPERIALISM
442(16)
Means and Motives
443(2)
Ships, Compasses, and Guns
God, Gold, and Glory
The Long Reach of the West
The Overseas Empires, 1500-1800
445(5)
Three Centuries of Conquest
Portugal in Asia
Spain in Latin America
The Dutch Empire
Colbert and the French Empire
English Enterprise and the English Empire
The Struggle for Global Hegemony
Consequences: The Modern World System
450(5)
Asia and Africa: Spices and Slaves
The Americas: Sugar and Silver
The Modern World System: The Core
The Modern World System: The Periphery
Global Impact: The Columbian Exchange
Summary
455(1)
Suggested Reading
456(2)
Chapter 32 ABSOLUTISM AND ENLIGHTENMENT IN EUROPE
458(16)
The European State System
459(2)
Palaces, Periwigs, and Philosophy
A Balance of Powers
Absolutism and Enlightenment
The Great Powers
461(4)
France under Louis XIV: I Am the State
Prussia and Austria: Nations of Bureaucrats and Soldiers
Russia's Window on the West
England's Century of Revolution
The World of the Rising Middle Classes
465(3)
The Bourgeoisie on the Brink
Europe's New Prosperity
The Population Explosion
The Conditions of Women
The Age of Reason
468(4)
The Scientific Revolution
The Enlightenment
Courtly and Bourgeois Art
The Salon
Summary
472(1)
Suggested Reading
472(2)
Chapter 33 ASIAN EMPIRES IN DISARRAY
474(14)
Disintegration of the Muslim Center
475(5)
The End of Asian Preeminence
The Ottoman Empire Retreats
Safavid Persia Becomes a Cockpit
Mogul India Crumbles
The Far East Turns Inward
480(4)
East Asia Cut Off from the Flow of History
The Manchu Conquest of China
The Qing Dynasty: Development and Decline
The Tokugawa Shoguns Seize Power in Japan
The Tokugawa Shogunate: Transformation and Tension
Cultures of a Twilight Age
484(2)
A Backward Glance
Muslims and Hindus Return to the Source
Han Learning and Genroku Culture
Summary
486(1)
Suggested Reading
486(2)
Chapter 34 TURMOIL IN AFRICA
488(14)
New Nations in Africa
489(7)
New States South of the Sahara
The Jihad States of the Western Sudan: The Sokoto Caliphate
Centralized Monarchies of the Rain Forest: The Ashanti Confederacy
Expanding Powers of East Africa: Egypt, and Zanzibar
The Rebirth of Ethiopia
Emerging Nations of Central Africa: Buganda
The Zulus and the Mfecane States of South Africa
Political and Economic Changes
496(2)
Structural Transformations
State Building and State Power
Evolving Commercial Networks
Interaction with Outside Forces
Traditional Culture in an Age of Transition
498(2)
Society and Community
Art and Life
Development or Disintegration?
Summary
500(1)
Suggested Reading
500(2)
Chapter 35 EUROPE'S AGE OF REVOLUTIONS
502(19)
The French Revolution
503(3)
Breakthroughs
Storming the Bastille
Causes of the French Revolution
Course of the Revolution
Napoleon Conquers Europe--and Meets His Waterloo
The Industrial Revolution
506(1)
Energy Revolutions
Causes of the Industrial Revolution
England and the Age of Steam
Main Currents of the Nineteenth Century
507(6)
Patterns: Revolutions and Political Change
The Birth of the Modern Ideologies
The Spread of the Industrial Revolution
An Evolving Society
Women Challenge the System
The Cavalcade of Nations
513(3)
Britain in an Age of Reform
France's Century of Revolution
Bismarck and German Unification
Austria's Polyglot Empire
Italian Unification
Russia Resists Change
The Climax of European Culture
516(3)
Moods: Romanticism and Materialism
Art and the Image of the Age
Summary
519(1)
Suggested Reading
519(2)
Chapter 36 THE AMERICAS FROM COLONIES TO COUNTRIES
521(19)
The United States Takes Shape
522(7)
A Century of Change
The Thirteen Colonies
The American Revolution
The Development of Democracy
Economic Growth and Territorial Expansion
Civil War: Unity Affirmed
The Gilded Age
Society: Problems of the Growing Nation
The Independence of American Women
Latin America Emerges
529(6)
The Latin American Colonies
The Spirit of Revolt
Latin American Wars of Independence
New Countries: The Reign of the Caudillos
Economic Problems: Haciendas and Dependency
Society: Tradition and Change
Latin American Women
Provincial Culture
535(3)
Provinces of the Western World
American Culture: Song of Myself
Latin American Culture: Gauchos and Indians
Summary
538(1)
Suggested Reading
538(2)
Chapter 37 THE CLIMAX OF WESTERN IMPERIALISM
540(19)
The Nature of the New Imperialism
541(2)
Into the Heart of Darkness
Motives of the New Imperialists
Means: The World Down the Barrel of a Maxim Gun
Forms of Imperial Control
The Scramble for Africa
543(4)
First the Treaties, Then the Troops
Britain and Indirect Imperialism
An Extension of France Overseas
Other Powers Seek Their Places in the Sun
The Exploitation of Asia
547(4)
Loans and Rights of Way
Great-Power Competition in the Middle East
Britain and France in India and Southeast Asia
The Opening of Japan
The Open Door to China
Internal Imperialism
551(4)
Pacifying, Setting, Civilizing
Russia's Eastward Expansion
America's Western Expansion
Australia Conquers the Outback
Climax of the Modern World System
555(2)
An Evolving System
Core and Periphery
Global Impact of the World System
Summary
557(1)
Suggested Reading
557(2)
OVERVIEW VI THE WORLD TORN BY WAR AND REVOLUTION559(3)
Chapter 38 THE WORLD OF WESTERN HEGEMONY
562(18)
Europe and North America
563(4)
Turn of the Century
Britain and France: Europe's Liberal Powers
Germany and Italy: The New Nations
Austria and Russia: Dying Dynasties
The United States: The New Great Power of the West
Asia and Latin America
567(4)
China: Self-Strengthening That Failed
Japan: The New Great Power of the East
Latin America: Economic Dependency
Mexico and the ABC Powers: Progress and Poverty
The Western Empires and Colonial Resistance
571(3)
The View from Shepheard's Hotel
The Resistance
Khartoum and the Little Big Horn
Imperialism and the Drift toward Global Unity
574(4)
The Impact of the West on Non-Western Cultures
Material Impact of Imperialism
Cultural Impact of Imperialism
Economic Integration
The Population Explosion and Urbanization
Summary
578
Suggested Reading
576(4)
Chapter 39 WORLD WAR I
580(13)
Causes of the First World War
581(2)
Assassination at Sarajevo
Nationalism, Economics, and Militarism
Imperial Rivalries
The Course of the War
583(5)
Leaders and Campaigns
Trench Warfare and Total War
European Colonies and the War
Non-European Powers and the War
Consequences of the War to End War
588(3)
Casualties: Ten Million Dead
A Bad Peace and a Shaken Society
Growing Empires and New Powers
New Visions: The League of Nations
Summary
591(1)
Suggested Reading
592(1)
Chapter 40 THE WEST BETWEEN THE WARS
593(13)
Trends of the Twenties and Thirties
594(5)
Flappers and Fellahin
The World Economy in Trouble
Technology in the Age of Ford
Class Conflict
Women's Emancipation
Locarno, Disarmament, and the Dream of Peace
The Western Democracies between the Wars
599(5)
Jazz Age America
FDR and the New Deal
Britain Muddles Through
France's Maginot-Line Mentality
The Commonwealth Countries: Capable of Coping
The Latin American Nations: Voices for Ideals
Summary
604(1)
Suggested Reading
605(1)
Chapter 41 THE LONG REVOLUTIONS
606(21)
The Spread of Ideological Revolution
607(1)
The Mystique of the Rebel
The Central Role of Ideology
Scope and Scale of the Long Revolutions
Revolutions on Three Continents
608(14)
Russia: Lenin and the Bolsheviks
The Revolutions of 1917
The Stalin Revolution
Mexico: Villa, Zapata, and the Violent Decade
Cardenas and the PRI
China and the Legacy of Sun Yixian
Warlords and Student Rebels
Jiang Jiehi versus Mao Zedong
Mao's Victory
Colonial Challenges to Western Predominance
622(3)
Emergence of Westernized Anti-Western Movements
India: Gandhi and the Congress Party
Africa: The Anti-Imperialists Organize
Summary
625(1)
Suggested Reading
626(1)
Chapter 42 THE TOTALITARIANS
627(16)
The Flight from Freedom
628(3)
New-Style Dictatorships
Sources of Authoritarianism
Defining Totalitarianism
Totalitarianism in Europe
631(8)
Italy: Mussolini and Fascism
Germany: Failure of the Weimar Republic
Hitler in Power
Nazism and the Holocaust
Russia: Sources of Communist Tyranny
Stalin's Iron Age
Authoritarianism in Asia, Europe, and Latin America
639(2)
Japan: The Failure of Zaibatsu Liberalism
Rise of the Militarists: The Day of the Assassins
A Great Authoritarian Tide
Summary
641(1)
Suggested Reading
641(2)
Chapter 43 WORLD WAR II
643(18)
Causes of the Second World War
644(5)
The Biggest War in History
Long-Range Causes: Depression, Versailles, and the State System
Italian and Japanese Aggression
The Spanish Civil War
German Aggression
War around the World: Axis Victories
649(3)
The First Global War
The German Blitzkrieg
The Battle of Britain
Barbarossa and Pearl Harbor
War around the World: Allied Triumph
652(5)
The Allied Counterattack: North Africa and Italy
Stalingrad and D Day
Asia and the Pacific War
Allied Victory: Berlin to Tokyo
Consequences of World War II
657(1)
Total War
Women at War
Casualties and Destruction: Fifty Million Dead
Peace Not Yet
Summary
658(1)
Suggested Reading
659(2)
OVERVIEW VII THE GLOBALIZATION OF HISTORY661(3)
Chapter 44 THE COLD WAR
664(21)
The Postwar World
665(3)
A World in Ruins
The Peace Settlement
Postwar Recovery
The United Nations
The Beginnings of the Cold War
668(4)
The Superpowers: The USA versus the USSR
Postwar Gains of the Superpowers
Conflicts after the War
Confrontations around the World
672(6)
Conflict in Central Europe
Rebellion in Eastern Europe
Revolution in Latin America
War in Asia
Confrontation between the Superpowers
The End of the Cold War
678(5)
Coexistence and Detente
Polycentrism in the Blocs
The Arms Race and Disarmament
The Collapse of the Soviet Bloc
Phasing Out the Cold War
Summary
683(1)
Suggested Reading
684(1)
Chapter 45 THE END OF THE WESTERN EMPIRES
685(15)
Freedom and Conflict in the Third World
686(2)
New Nations around the World
Causes of the Collapse of the Intercontinental Empires
Patterns of the Liberation Struggle
A New Imperialism?
Regional and Traditional Sources of Conflict
The Winds of Change in Africa
688(4)
Ghana and Algeria: Two Roads to Liberation
Conflict in Kenya
Congo Crisis
The Long Struggle in South Africa
Asia in Arms
692(6)
Israel and the Arab World
Struggle for Power in the Middle East
India versus Pakistan
War in Southeast Asia
China and Its Ancient Sphere
Summary
698(1)
Suggested Readings
698(2)
Chapter 46 INDUSTRIAL NATIONS IN THE SKYSCRAPER AGE
700
Strategies of Progress: The USA in the American Epoch
701(4)
Power Structures, East and West
Postwar Problems and Predominance
The Turbulent Sixties
The Conservative Years
The Clinton Years
Strategies of Progress: Western Europe and East Asia
705(4)
Germany: From Economic Miracle to Reunification
Western Europe: Prosperity and Community
Japan: The New Economic Superpower
The East Asian Rim: South Korea to Singapore
Peoples of Plenty: From Canada to Israel
Development and Disaster: The U.S.S.R. and the Communist Bloc
709(3)
Soviet Achievements--and Unsolved Problems
The Gorbachev Revolution
The Yelstin Years
Eastern Europe: From Slow Growth to Revolution
Looming Problems: Development and Nationalism
The Running Sore of Bosnia
The Society of the Global North
712(6)
The Cityscapes of the Twentieth Century
The New Technologies
The Helicopter Economy
Toward a One-Class World?
The Liberation of Women
Youth in Revolt
Problems of the 1990s
Summary
718(1)
Suggested Reading
718

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