When the guns are silenced, people affected by conflict need food, water, shelter, and a means to earn a living. They also require a government that can meet these needs and sustain peace. While natural resources are essential to sustaining people and peace in post-conflict countries, governance failures often jeopardize these objectives. This book examines experiences in post-conflict governance, natural resource management, and peacebuilding from more than forty countries. It highlights the centrality of natural resource management in rebuilding governance and the rule of law, combating corruption, improving transparency and accountability, engaging disenfranchised populations, and building confidence following conflict. The book interweaves this analysis with an exploration of how these lessons may be applied to the formulation and implementation of effective governance interventions. It provides a concise theoretical and practical framework for policymakers, researchers, practitioners, and students. Governance, Natural Resources, and Post-Conflict Peacebuilding is part of a global initiative to identify and analyze lessons in post-conflict peacebuilding and natural resource management. The project has generated six volumes of case studies and analyses, with contributions by practitioners, policymakers, and researchers. Other volumes address high-value resources; land; water; livelihoods; and restoration, remediation, and reconstruction.