Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

Generalist Practice with Organizations and Communities

by: Kirst-Ashman, Karen K.; Hull, Jr., Grafton H.

Generalist Practice with Organizations and Communities

by: Kirst-Ashman, Karen K.; Hull, Jr., Grafton H.

ISBN 13:
9780534506292
ISBN 10:
0534506291
Edition: 3rd
Format: Paperback
Copyright: 06/10/2005
Publisher: Brooks Cole
Newer Edition

Rent

Sorry, this item is currently unavailable.

Note: Supplemental materials are not guaranteed with Rental or Used book purchases.

Extend or Purchase Your Rental at Any Time

Need to keep your rental past your due date? At any time before your due date you can extend or purchase your rental through your account.

Summary

1. Introduction to Generalist Practice with Organizations and Communities. 2. Using Micro Skills in the Macro Environment. 3. Using Mezzo Skills in the Macro Environment. 4. Understanding Organizations. 5. Prepare: Decision Making For Organizational Change. 6. Imagine: How To Implement Macro Intervention: Changing Agency Policy. 7. Imagine: Project Implementation and Program Development. 8. Understanding Neighborhoods and Communities. 9. Macro Practice in Communities. 10. Evaluating Macro Practice. 11. Advocacy and Social Action With Populations-At-Risk. 12. Ethics and Ethical Dilemmas in Macro Practice. 13. Working with the Courts. 14. Developing and Managing Agency Resources.

Preface

Introduction to Generalist Practice with Organizations and Communities

(35)

Why Do You Need the Content in This Book?

(2)

The Generalist Intervention Model

(3)

A Micro Approach

(1)

A Mezzo Approach

(1)

A Macro Approach

(1)

What Does Generalist Practice Mean?

(2)

Defining Generalist Practice: 1. Acquisition of an Eclectic Knowledge Base

(5)

Theoretical Foundation: Systems Theories

(2)

Human Behavior and the Social Environment (HBSE)

(1)

Social Welfare Policy and Services

(1)

Social Work Practice

(1)

Research

(1)

Human Diversity

(1)

Promotion of Social and Economic Justice

(1)

Populations-at-Risk

(1)

Emphasis on Client Empowerment

(1)

Assimilation of Professional Values and Ethics

(3)

National Association of Social Workers (NASW) Code of Ethics

(1)

Awareness of Personal Values

(1)

Clarification of Conflicting Ethical Dilemmas

(1)

Understanding Oppression

(1)

Respect for Diverse Populations

(1)

Mastery of a Wide Range of Practice Skills to Target Any Size System

(2)

Effective Work Within an Organizational Structure

(1)

Appropriate Use of Supervision

(1)

A Wide Range of Roles

(5)

Enabler

(1)

Mediator

(1)

Integrator/Coordinator

(1)

General Manager

(1)

Educator

(1)

Analyst/Evaluator

(1)

Broker

(1)

Facilitator

(1)

Initiator

(1)

Negotiator

(1)

Mobilizer

(1)

Advocate

(1)

Use of Critical Thinking Skills

(1)

Use of a Planned Change Process

(5)

Engagement

(1)

Assessment: Identifying Issues and Collecting Information

(2)

Assessment and Planning in Macro Practice: The Prepare Process

(1)

Implementation and Evaluation in Macro Practice: The IMAGINE Process

(1)

Termination in Macro Practice

(1)

Follow-up in Macro Practice

(1)

Postscript

(4)

Using Micro Skills in the Macro Environment

(44)

Introduction

(1)

Assertiveness

(1)

Conflict

(1)

Working with Supervisors

(1)

Beginning Relationships in Macro Practice

(1)

A Review of Basic Micro Skills

(1)

Verbal and Nonverbal Behavior

(7)

Eye Contact

(1)

Attentive Listening

(3)

Facial Expressions

(1)

Body Positioning

(1)

Multicultural Sensitivity and Nonverbal Behavior

(2)

Warmth, Empathy, and Genuineness

(4)

Warmth

(1)

Empathy

(3)

Genuineness

(1)

Communicating with Other People in Macro Contexts

(3)

Simple Encouragement

(1)

Being Sensitive to Cultural Differences

(1)

Paraphrasing

(1)

Reflective Responding

(1)

Clarification

(1)

Interpretation

(1)

Providing Information

(1)

Emphasizing People's Strengths

(1)

Summarization

(1)

Eliciting Information

(1)

The Use of ``Why?''

(1)

Overlap of Techniques

(1)

Appropriate Assertiveness in the Macro Environment: Empowering Yourself and Others

(5)

Nonassertive, Assertive, and Aggressive Communication

(4)

The Advantages of Assertiveness

(1)

Assertiveness Training

(2)

A Final Note on Assertiveness Training

(1)

Conflict and Its Resolution

(7)

The Pros of Conflict

(1)

The Cons of Conflict

(1)

Personal Styles for Addressing Conflict

(1)

Steps in Conflict Resolution

(6)

Working under Supervisors

(10)

Administrative Functions of Supervisors

(2)

Educational Functions of Supervisors

(1)

Other Functions of Supervisors

(1)

Using Supervision Effectively

(2)

Problems in Supervision

(6)

Postscript

(1)

Group Skills for Organizational and Community Change

(32)

Introduction

(1)

Networking

(8)

Importance of Networking

(3)

Types of Networks

(2)

Problems with Networks

(1)

Worker Roles in Networking

(1)

Working in and with Teams

(3)

Characteristics of Effective Teams

(3)

Planning and Conducting Meetings

(6)

Plan Ahead

(1)

Clarify Purpose and Establish Objectives

(1)

Select Participants

(1)

Select a Time and Place

(1)

Prepare an Agenda

(1)

Start Meetings on Time

(1)

State Ending Time at the Start

(1)

Let People Know How Much of Your Time They Can Have

(1)

Keep the Group on Target

(2)

End the Meeting on Time

(1)

Plan for Follow-Up Meetings

(1)

Parliamentary Procedure

(4)

Advantages and Disadvantages of Parliamentary Procedure

(1)

Basic Parliamentary Concepts

(1)

Main Motions

(3)

Managing Conflict

102

(9)

Types of Conflict

104

(2)

Advanced Conflict Management: Guidelines and Strategies

106

(5)

Postscript

111

(1)

Understanding Organizations

112

(45)

Introduction

113

(1)

Defining Organizations, Social Services, and Social Agencies

113

(2)

Organizations

113

(1)

Social Services

114

(1)

Social Agencies

114

(1)

Organizational Theories

115

(4)

Systems Theories

115

(1)

Classic Scientific Management Theories

115

(1)

Human Relations Theories

116

(1)

Cultural Perspective

116

(2)

Economics Perspective

118

(1)

Contingency Perspective

118

(1)

Which Organizational Theory Is Best?

119

(1)

Social Agencies as Systems

119

(3)

Viewing Organizations from a Systems Perspective

122

(1)

Resource Input

122

(1)

Process Through Organizational Technology

123

(1)

Output

123

(1)

Outcomes

123

(1)

The Nature of Organizations

123

(11)

Agency Settings

123

(2)

Organizational Goals

125

(3)

Organizational Culture

128

(1)

Organizational Structure

128

(5)

Centralized Versus Decentralized Organizations

133

(1)

The Macro Context of Organizations

134

(7)

The Shifting Macro Environment and Shrinking Resources

134

(1)

Necessary Resource Inputs

134

(1)

Legitimation

135

(1)

Client Sources

135

(2)

Relationship with Other Organizations

137

(4)

Social Work Organizations in National and International Contexts

141

(2)

ACOSA

142

(1)

IASSW

142

(1)

IFSW

142

(1)

Methods of Management

143

(1)

Working in a Bureaucracy

143

(3)

Value Discrepancies Between Workers and ``The System''

143

(1)

How to Survive in a Bureaucracy

144

(2)

A Total Quality Approach to Management

146

(8)

Defining Total Quality Management

147

(1)

Clients as Customers

147

(1)

Customer Feedback

147

(1)

Quality as the Primary Goal

147

(1)

Employee Empowerment

148

(2)

Use of Teams and Teamwork: Melding Mezzo and Macro Practice

150

(2)

A Total Quality Approach to Leadership

152

(1)

Establishing a Culture of Quality

152

(1)

TQM Tools

153

(1)

Beyond Quality: The Learning Organization

153

(1)

Common Problems Encountered in Organizations

154

(1)

Impersonal Behavior

154

(1)

Rewards and Recognition

154

(1)

Agency Policy and Worker Discretion

155

(1)

Traditions and Unwritten Rules

155

(1)

Postscript

155

(2)

Prepare--Decision Making for Organizational Change

157

(31)

Introduction

158

(1)

Change in Organizations

159

(6)

Undertaking Specific Projects

159

(1)

Initiating and Developing Programs

160

(2)

Changing Agency Policies

162

(3)

Beginning the Change Process

165

(1)

The Process of Organizational Change

166

(2)

Step 1: Prepare--Identify Problems to Address

168

(4)

Substep 1: Decide to Seriously Evaluate the Potential for Macro-Level Intervention

169

(1)

Substep 2: Define and Prioritize Problems

169

(1)

Substep 3: Translate Problems into Needs

170

(2)

Substep 4: Determine Which Need or Needs You Will Address

172

(1)

Step 2: Prepare--Review Your Macro and Personal Reality

172

(5)

Substep 1: Evaluate Macro Variables Working For or Against You in the Macro Change Process

172

(3)

Substep 2: Review Your Personal Reality--Strengths and Weaknesses That May Act For or Against Successful Change Efforts

175

(2)

Step 3: Prepare--Establish Primary Goals

177

(1)

Step 4: Prepare: Identify Relevant People of Influence

178

(3)

Rationales for Internal Advocacy

181

(1)

Step 5: Prepare--Assess Potential Costs and Benefits to Clients and Agency

181

(1)

Step 6: Prepare--Review Professional and Personal Risk

182

(3)

Could I Lose My Job?

182

(1)

Will My Career Path Be Affected?

183

(1)

Will I Strain Interpersonal Relationships at Work?

184

(1)

A Strengths Perspective on Risks

184

(1)

Step 7: Prepare--Evaluate the Potential Success of a Macro Change Process

185

(2)

Substep 1: Review the Prepare Process and Weigh the Pros and Cons of Proceeding

185

(1)

Substep 2: Identify Possible Macro Approaches to Use, Estimate Their Effectiveness, and Select the Most Appropriate One

186

(1)

Postscript

187

(1)

Imagine--How to Implement Macro Intervention: Changing Agency Policy

188

(25)

Introduction

189

(1)

The Planned Change Process and Organizational Change

189

(1)

Imagine: A Process for Organizational Change

190

(14)

Imagine: Start with an Innovative Idea

190

(1)

Imagine: Muster Support and Formulate an Action System

191

(5)

Imagine: Identify Assets

196

(1)

Imagine: Specify Goals, Objectives, and Action Steps to Attain Them

196

(2)

Imagine: Implement the Plan

198

(1)

Imagine: Neutralize Opposition

198

(6)

Imagine: Evaluate Progress

204

(1)

Application of Imagine to Macro Intervention

204

(9)

Changing Agency Policy

205

(1)

Formal and Informal Agency Policies

205

(1)

Types of Changes in Agency Policy

205

(8)

Imagine--Project Implementation and Program Development

213

(35)

Introduction

214

(1)

Initiating and Implementing a Project

215

(8)

Imagine: Develop an Innovative Idea

216

(1)

Imagine: Muster Support

216

(1)

Imagine: Identify Assets

217

(1)

Imagine: Specify Goals, Objectives, and Action Steps to Attain Them

217

(1)

Imagine: Implement the Plan

218

(4)

Imagine: Neutralize Opposition

222

(1)

Imagine: Evaluate Progress

223

(1)

Developing a Program

223

(14)

Imagine: Develop an Innovative Idea

226

(1)

Imagine: Muster Support

227

(4)

Imagine: Identify Assets

231

(2)

Imagine: Specify Goals, Objectives, and Action Steps to Attain Them

233

(1)

Imagine: Implement the Plan

233

(2)

Imagine: Neutralize Opposition

235

(1)

Imagine: Evaluate Progress and Effectiveness

235

(2)

Program Development: A Case Example

237

(10)

Imagine: Develop an Innovative Idea

237

(1)

Imagine: Muster Support

237

(1)

Imagine: Identify Assets

238

(2)

Imagine: Specify Goals, Objectives, and Action Steps to Attain Them

240

(7)

Imagine: Implement the Plan

247

(1)

Imagine: Neutralize Opposition

247

(1)

Imagine: Evaluate Progress

247

(1)

Postscript

247

(1)

Understanding Neighborhoods and Communities

248

(36)

Introduction

249

(1)

The Role of Social Workers in Neighborhoods and Communities

250

(3)

Defining Community and Neighborhood

253

(5)

Functions of Communities

253

(3)

Types of Communities

256

(2)

Using the Systems Perspective

258

(1)

The Community as an Ecological and Social System

259

(2)

Additional Perspectives on the Community

261

(3)

Competition

262

(1)

Centralization

262

(1)

Concentration

263

(1)

Invasion

263

(1)

Succession

263

(1)

Concepts Characterize Real Life

263

(1)

Community Resource Systems

264

(2)

Demographic Development of Communities

266

(2)

Urbanization and Suburbanization

266

(1)

Gentrification

267

(1)

Rural Communities

267

(1)

Where Is the Best Place to Live?

268

(1)

Social Stratification

268

(1)

Community Economic Systems

269

(2)

Community Political Systems

271

(2)

Formal Organizations and Informal Political Processes

271

(2)

Power in the Community

273

(2)

Defining Power

273

(1)

Types of Power

273

(1)

Sources of Power

274

(1)

Power and Conflict

274

(1)

Neighborhoods

275

(6)

Functions of Neighborhoods

275

(2)

Types of Neighborhoods

277

(1)

Neighborhoods as Helping Networks

278

(1)

Neighborhood Organizations

278

(2)

Community and Neighborhood Resources

280

(1)

Putting It All Together: Assessing Communities and Neighborhoods

281

(3)

Macro Practice in Communities

284

(26)

Introduction

285

(1)

Change in Communities

285

(2)

A Philosophical Perspective on Macro Practice: Pursuit of Social and Economic Justice

287

(1)

Perspectives on the Community

287

(1)

Approaches to Community Change

288

(1)

Beginning the Change Process

288

(22)

Engagement in the Community

289

(1)

Prepare: Assessing Potential for Community Change

289

(10)

Imagine: A Process for Community Change

299

(11)

Evaluating Macro Practice

310

(29)

Introduction

311

(1)

Overview of Evaluation

311

(1)

Purposes of Program Evaluation: A Summary

312

(1)

Key Concepts in Evaluation

312

(5)

Control Group

312

(1)

Experimental Group

313

(1)

Dependent Variable

313

(1)

Independent Variable

313

(1)

Sampling

313

(1)

Random Sample

313

(1)

Experimental Design

313

(1)

Quasi-Experimental Designs

313

(1)

Baseline

314

(1)

Mean

314

(1)

Median

314

(1)

Mode

315

(1)

Standard Deviation

315

(1)

Reliability

316

(1)

Validity

316

(1)

Descriptive Statistics

316

(1)

Inferential Statistics

316

(1)

Outcome

316

(1)

Statistical Significance

316

(1)

Chi-Square Test

317

(1)

Problems and Barriers in Program Evaluation

317

(2)

Failure to Plan for Evaluation

317

(1)

Lack of Program Stability

318

(1)

Relationships Between Evaluators and Practitioners

318

(1)

When Evaluation Results Are Unclear

319

(1)

When Evaluation Results Are Not Accepted

319

(1)

When Evaluation Is Not Worth the Effort

319

(1)

Kinds of Evaluations

319

(7)

Formative (or Monitoring) Evaluations

319

(2)

Summative Evaluations

321

(1)

Effectiveness and Efficiency Evaluations

321

(1)

Evaluation Approaches

321

(1)

Quantitative Methods

321

(1)

Qualitative Methods

322

(1)

One-Group Post-Test Designs

322

(1)

Pre-Test/Post-Test Designs

322

(1)

Client Satisfaction Surveys

322

(1)

Goal Attainment Scaling

323

(1)

Target Problem Scaling

324

(1)

Case Studies

325

(1)

Group Comparisons

325

(1)

Quality Assurance Reviews

326

(1)

Summary of Evaluation Designs

326

(1)

Stages in Evaluation

326

(12)

Stage 1: Conceptualization and Goal Setting

326

(2)

Stage 2: Measurement

328

(1)

Stage 3: Sampling

329

(1)

Stage 4: Design

329

(1)

Stage 5: Data Gathering

329

(4)

Stage 6: Data Analysis

333

(2)

Stage 7: Presentation of Data

335

(3)

Ethics and Values in Evaluation

338

(1)

Advocacy and Social Action with Populations-at-Risk

339

(32)

Introduction

340

(1)

Defining Advocacy, Social Action, Empowerment, and Populations-at-Risk

340

(3)

Defining Advocacy

341

(1)

Defining Social Action

341

(1)

Defining Empowerment

342

(1)

Defining Populations-at-Risk

342

(1)

Populations-at-Risk

343

(4)

Factors Contributing to Putting Populations at Risk

343

(1)

Examples of Populations-at-Risk

344

(3)

The Role of Social Workers with Populations at Risk

347

(1)

Advocacy

347

(9)

Concerns about the Use of Advocacy

347

(1)

The Value and Limitations of Advocacy

348

(1)

Agency Commitment to Advocacy

348

(1)

Opportunities for Macro-Level Advocacy

349

(1)

Principles of Macro-Level Advocacy

350

(1)

Guidelines for Macro-Level Advocacy

351

(1)

Advocacy Tactics

352

(4)

Legislative Advocacy

356

(10)

Factors Affecting Legislative Advocacy

358

(1)

Steps in Legislative Advocacy

358

(6)

Other Political Activities

364

(2)

Social Action

366

(4)

Alinsky's Social Action Approach

366

(1)

Concerns about Social Action

367

(1)

Legal Action

367

(3)

Empowerment

370

(1)

Ethics and Ethical Dilemmas in Macro Practice

371

(44)

Introduction

372

(1)

Professional Values and Ethics in Macro Contexts

372

(2)

The NASW Code of Ethics

374

(15)

Social Workers' Ethical Responsibilities to Clients

374

(6)

Social Workers' Ethical Responsibilities to Colleagues

380

(4)

Social Workers' Ethical Responsibilities in Practice Settings

384

(3)

Social Workers' Ethical Responsibility as Professionals

387

(1)

Social Workers' Ethical Responsibility to the Social Work Profession

387

(1)

Social Workers' Ethical Responsibility to the Broader Society

388

(1)

Personal Values

389

(1)

Types of Ethical Issues Confronting Agency Practitioners

389

(1)

Ethical Absolutism Versus Ethical Relativism

390

(1)

Ethical Dilemmas

391

(1)

Facing an Ethical Dilemma: Decision-Making Steps

392

(1)

Step 1: Recognize the Problem

392

(1)

Step 2: Investigate the Variables

392

(1)

Step 3: Get Feedback from Others

393

(1)

Step 4: Appraise the Values That Apply to the Dilemma

393

(1)

Step 5: Evaluate the Dilemma

393

(1)

Step 6: Identify and Think about Possible Alternatives

393

(1)

Step 7: Weigh the Pros and Cons of Each Alternative

393

(1)

Step 8: Make Your Decision

393

(1)

Ranking Ethical Principles

393

(3)

Reamer's Guide to Ethical Decision Making

393

(2)

Dolgoff, Loewenberg, and Harrington's ``Ethical Principles Screen''

395

(1)

Ethical Dilemmas in Macro Contexts

396

(18)

Distributing Limited Resources

396

(2)

Community Support (or the Lack Thereof) for Service Provision

398

(2)

Relationships with Colleagues

400

(1)

Engaging in Sexual Activities with Clients

401

(1)

Neglecting Child Maltreatment

402

(3)

Incompetence Due to Personal Problems

405

(2)

Conforming to Agency Policy

407

(2)

Breaching Confidentiality in a Macro Context

409

(3)

Co-optation Versus Cooperation

412

(1)

Conflict of Interest

413

(1)

Potential Harm to Participants

413

(1)

Stigmatization Tactics

413

(1)

Furthering Ethical Practice in Agency Settings

414

(1)

Postscript

414

(1)

Working with the Courts

415

(29)

The Significance of the Legal System

416

(1)

Functions of Professional Terminology

417

(1)

Important Legal Terms

417

(7)

Laws

417

(1)

Criminal Law

417

(1)

Civil Law

417

(1)

Violations

418

(1)

Jurisdiction

419

(1)

Allegation

420

(1)

Court Process

420

(1)

Due Process

420

(1)

Stipulation

420

(1)

Burden of Proof

421

(1)

Standards of Proof

421

(1)

Evidence

421

(1)

Witnesses

422

(1)

Guardian Ad Litem

422

(1)

Confidentiality and Privileged Communication

422

(1)

Subpoena

423

(1)

Differences Between Courtroom Protocol and Social Work Practice

424

(2)

Adversarial Versus Conjoint Problem Solving

424

(1)

Formal Versus Informal Atmosphere

425

(1)

Legal Due Process Versus Client Rights

426

(1)

Outcome: Determination of the Charge Versus Rehabilitation

426

(1)

Presentation in Court

426

(1)

Preparation for Testimony

426

(7)

Documentation

427

(1)

Review of Other Documents

427

(1)

Establishment of Expert Witness Status

428

(1)

Review of Testimony with Attorney

428

(1)

Preparation of Witnesses

428

(5)

Phases in the Adjudication Process

433

(3)

Direct Examination of Witnesses

433

(2)

Cross-Examination of Witnesses

435

(1)

Strategies in Cross-Examination

436

(3)

Attacking Direct Examination Testimony

436

(1)

Attacking Credentials

437

(1)

Attacking You as a Person

437

(1)

Attacking the Profession

438

(1)

Other Confrontational Tactics

438

(1)

Suggestions for Cross-Examination Testimony

438

(1)

Stages in the Juvenile Court Process

439

(1)

Developing Issues in Social Work and the Law

439

(5)

Developing and Managing Agency Resources

444

(43)

Introduction

445

(1)

Working with the Media

445

(5)

General Guidelines for Using the Media

446

(1)

Contacts with the Media

447

(1)

Media Interviews

448

(1)

Other Media Communications

449

(1)

Using Technology in Your Agency

450

(6)

Understanding Computer Hardware

450

(1)

Understanding the Software

451

(2)

Agency Software Usage

453

(2)

Using the Internet

455

(1)

General Observations about Computers

456

(1)

Fund-raising

456

(7)

Sources of Funds

457

(6)

Grants and Contracts

463

(1)

Finding Out about Grants and Contracts: Where Are They?

464

(3)

Government Grants

465

(1)

Foundation Grants

465

(2)

Business and Corporate Grants

467

(1)

How to Apply for a Grant

467

(20)

Preapplication Phase

467

(1)

Application Phase

468

(16)

Postapplication Phase

484

(3)

References

487

(20)

Name Index

507

(4)

Subject Index

511

Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

Generalist Practice with Organizations and Communities

Generalist Practice with Organizations and Communities

9780534506292

0534506291

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Write a Review

Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

Generalist Practice with Organizations and Communities

Generalist Practice with Organizations and Communities

9780534506292

0534506291

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Write a Review

Related Products