Fundamentals of Philosophy
ISBN: 9780205242993 | 0205242995
Edition: 8thFormat: Paperback
Publisher: Pearson
Pub. Date: 2/16/2012
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Thematically introduces students to the major philosophic thinkers. Fundamentals of Philosophyoffers a broad scope of classic and contemporary selections from the world's major thinkers via a narrative format that presents difficult issues and readings in a simplified manner for students. Its readings are grouped around nine major themes/chapters, and are organized as a debate on one central issue. This approach helps students understand the argumentative style of philosophy, and learn how philosophic issues and solutions they encounter can be ... MORE
| Preface | p. ix |
| What Is Philosophy? | p. 1 |
| The Activity of Philosophy | p. 1 |
| Philosophy's History | p. 8 |
| Philosophy and the Examined Life | p. 15 |
| Socrates: In Defense of Philosophy | p. 17 |
| Thinking About Thinking (Logic) | p. 26 |
| The Life of Reason | p. 26 |
| Argument Forms | p. 33 |
| Induction and the Philosophy of Science | p... MORE |
| Strategies for Philosophical Arguments | p. 57 |
| What Is Real? (Metaphysics) | p. 74 |
| Introduction to Metaphysics | p. 74 |
| Dualism | p. 85 |
| Plato: The Immortality of the Soul | p. 88 |
| Plato: The Divided Line | p. 92 |
| Materialism | p. 101 |
| Epicurus: First Principle of Materialism | p. 108 |
| Idealism | p. 118 |
| George Berkeley: Three Dialogues Between Hylas and Philonous | p. 120 |
| The Mind-Body Problem and Personal Identity | p. 132 |
| Alfred C. Lent Surviving in a Different Body | p. 141 |
| Freedom and Determinism: The Metaphysics of Human Agency | p. 153 |
| Peter van Inwagen: The Moral Argument for Freedom | p. 160 |
| How Do We Know? (Epistemology) | p. 165 |
| Introduction to Epistemology | p. 165 |
| René Descartes: The Quest for Certainty | p. 171 |
| René Descartes: Meditations | p. 174 |
| David Hume: Trust Your Senses | p. 187 |
| David Hume: Of the Origin of Ideas | p. 190 |
| David Hume: Skeptical Doubts Concerning the Operations of the Understanding | p. 197 |
| Immanuel Kant: A Compromise | p. 201 |
| Immanuel Kant: Two Sources of Knowledge | p. 211 |
| Knowledge and Human Practices: The Pragmatist Tradition | p. 218 |
| William James: What Pragmatism Means | p. 221 |
| Nathaniel Goldberg: Where Does Knowledge Come From? Quine, Davidson, and Traditional Epistemology | p. 225 |
| What Ought We to Do? (Ethics) | p. 239 |
| Introduction to Ethical Reasoning | p. 239 |
| Moral Skepticism | p. 246 |
| J. L Mackie: The Argument from Relativity | p. 254 |
| Morality and Metaphysics | p. 261 |
| Matthew Carey Jordan: God and Morality | p. 265 |
| Eudaemonism: The Morality of Self-Realization | p. 278 |
| Aristotle: Nicomachean Ethics | p. 281 |
| Utilitarianism: Morality Depends on the Consequences | p. 289 |
| John Stuart Mill: Utilitarianism | p. 295 |
| Deontology: Morality Depends on the Motives | p. 301 |
| Immanuel Kant: Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysics of Ethics | p. 304 |
| Philosophy of Religion | p. 316 |
| Introduction to Philosophy of Religion | p. 316 |
| Religion and Life's Meaning | p. 322 |
| Leo Tolstoy: A Confession | p. 325 |
| A Priori Arguments for God's Existence | p. 331 |
| St Anselm: Proslogion | p. 334 |
| A Posteriori Arguments for God's Existence: Aquinas' Five Ways | p. 348 |
| St. Thomas Aquinas: The Five Ways | p. 350 |
| The Problem of Evil | p. 361 |
| James Petrik: Inscrutable Evil and an Infinite God | p. 366 |
| Philosophy of Art (Esthetics) | p. 379 |
| Introduction to the Philosophy of Art | p. 379 |
| The Value of Art | p. 388 |
| H. Gene Blocker. The Esthetic Attitude | p. 389 |
| Art as Ideal | p. 397 |
| Kenneth Clark The Naked and the Nude | p. 398 |
| Esthetics and Ideology | p. 408 |
| Jennifer Jeffers: The Politics of Representation | p. 409 |
| Social and Political Philosophy | p. 422 |
| Introduction to Social and Political Philosophy | p. 422 |
| The Liberal, Secular State | p. 430 |
| John Locke: A Letter Concerning Toleration | p. 435 |
| The Individual and the State | p. 442 |
| John Stuart Mill: On Liberty | p. 444 |
| Human Rights | p. 451 |
| H. Gene Blocker. Human Rights | p. 452 |
| Individual Happiness and Social Responsibility | p. 463 |
| M. Andrew Holowchak: Happiness and Justice in "Liberal" Society. Autonomy as Political Integration | p. 464 |
| Eastern Thought | p. 475 |
| Philosophy East and West | p. 475 |
| Confucian Theories of Human Nature | p. 481 |
| Mencius: The Book of Mencius | p. 485 |
| Xun Zi: The Nature of Man Is Evil | p. 490 |
| Dong Zhongshu: Human Nature Is Both Good and Evil | p. 495 |
| Hindu Debate on Monism | p. 497 |
| Buddhist Theory of Emptiness | p. 505 |
| Nagarjuna: Seventy Verses on Emptiness | p. 507 |
| Nagarjuna: How Phenomena Are Empty of Inherent Existence | p. 511 |
| Glossary of Terms | p. 519 |
| Index | p. 527 |
| Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |
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