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Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics : Updated Edition Including Phenomena of Fluids CD

ISBN: 9780471355021 | 047135502X
Format: Hardcover
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Inc
Pub. Date: 5/1/1999

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SummaryTable of Contents
Are You Ready to See Fluid Mechanics In Action? This text comes with a free Fluid Mechanics Phenomena CD-ROM that brings fluid mechanics to life! It contains a series of short video segments that illustrate various aspects of real-world fluid mechanics. Many of the segments show how fluid motion is related to familiar devices and everyday experiences. Each segment also clearly indicates the key fluid mechanics topic being demonstrated and provides a description of the content. Throughout the text you'll find a special video icon that will let y... MORE
Introduction
3(38)
Some Characteristics of Fluids
4(1)
Dimensions, Dimensional Homogeneity, and Units
... MORE		5(7)
Systems of Units
7(5)
Analysis of Fluid Behavior
12(1)
Measures of Fluid Mass and Weight
12(2)
Density
12(1)
Specific Weight
13(1)
Specific Gravity
13(1)
Ideal Gas Law
14(1)
Viscosity
15(7)
Compressibility of Fluids
22(3)
Bulk Modulus
22(1)
Compression and Expansion of Gases
23(1)
Speed of Sound
24(1)
Vapor Pressure
25(1)
Surface Tension
26(2)
A Brief Look Back in History
28(13)
References
31(1)
Review Problems
31(2)
Problems
33(8)
Fluid Statics
41(62)
Pressure at a Point
41(2)
Basic Equation for Pressure Field
43(2)
Pressure Variation in a Fluid at Rest
45(5)
Incompressible Fluid
45(3)
Compressible Fluid
48(2)
Standard Atmosphere
50(1)
Measurement of Pressure
51(2)
Manometry
53(6)
Piezometer Tube
54(1)
U-Tube Manometer
54(4)
Inclined-Tube Manometer
58(1)
Mechanical and Electronic Pressure Measuring Devices
59(2)
Hydrostatic Force on a Plane Surface
61(7)
Pressure Prism
68(4)
Hydrostatic Force on a Curved Surface
72(2)
Buoyancy, Flotation, and Stability
74(4)
Archimedes' Principle
74(2)
Stability
76(2)
Pressure Variation in a Fluid with Rigid-Body Motion
78(25)
Linear Motion
78(3)
Rigid-Body Rotation
81(3)
References
84(1)
Review Problems
84(3)
Problems
87(16)
Elementary Fluid Dynamics---The Bernoulli Equation
103(62)
Newton's Second Law
103(3)
F = ma Along a Streamline
106(5)
F = ma Normal to a Streamline
111(2)
Physical Interpretation
113(4)
Static, Stagnation, Dynamic, and Total Pressure
117(4)
Examples of Use of the Bernoulli Equation
121(15)
Free Jets
121(2)
Confined Flows
123(8)
Flowrate Measurement
131(5)
The Energy Line and the Hydraulic Grade Line
136(3)
Restrictions on the Use of the Bernoulli Equation
139(26)
Compressibility Effects
139(3)
Unsteady Effects
142(2)
Rotational Effects
144(2)
Other Restrictions
146(1)
References
146(1)
Review Problems
146(3)
Problems
149(16)
Fluid Kinematics
165(46)
The Velocity Field
165(10)
Eulerian and Lagrangian Flow Descriptions
167(2)
One-, Two-, and Three- Dimensional Flows
169(1)
Steady and Unsteady Flows
170(1)
Streamlines, Streaklines, and Pathlines
170(5)
The Acceleration Field
175(9)
The Material Derivative
175(3)
Unsteady Effects
178(1)
Convective Effects
179(3)
Streamline Coordinates
182(2)
Control Volume and System Representations
184(1)
The Reynolds Transport Theorem
185(26)
Derivation of the Reynolds Transport Theorem
188(5)
Physical Interpretation
193(1)
Relationship to Material Derivative
194(1)
Steady Effects
195(1)
Unsteady Effects
195(2)
Moving Control Volumes
197(1)
Selection of a Control Volume
198(1)
References
199(1)
Review Problems
199(2)
Problems
201(10)
Finite Control Volume Analysis
211(98)
Conservation of Mass---The Continuity Equation
212(15)
Derivation of the Continuity Equation
212(2)
Fixed, Nondeforming Control Volume
214(7)
Moving, Nondeforming Control Volume
221(3)
Deforming Control Volume
224(3)
Newton's Second Law---The Linear Momentum and Moment-of-Momentum Equations
227(30)
Derivation of the Linear Momentum Equation
227(2)
Application of the Linear Momentum Equation
229(18)
Derivation of the Moment-of-Momentum Equation
247(2)
Application of the Moment-of-Momentum Equation
249(8)
First Law of Thermodynamics---The Energy Equation
257(21)
Derivation of the Energy Equation
257(3)
Application of the Energy Equation
260(5)
Comparison of the Energy Equation with the Bernoulli Equation
265(7)
Application of the Energy Equation to Nonuniform Flows
272(4)
Combination of the Energy Equation and the Moment-of-Momentum Equation
276(2)
Second Law of Thermodynamics---Irreversible Flow
278(31)
Semi-infinitesimal Control Volume Statement of the Energy Equation
278(1)
Semi-infinitesimal Control Volume Statement of the Second Law of Thermodynamics
279(1)
Combination of the Equations of the First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics
280(1)
Application of the Loss Form of the Energy Equation
281(2)
References
283(1)
Review Problems
283(5)
Problems
288(21)
Differential Analysis of Fluid Flow
309(88)
Fluid Element Kinematics
310(6)
Velocity and Acceleration Fields Revisited
310(1)
Linear Motion and Deformation
311(2)
Angular Motion and Deformation
313(3)
Conservation of Mass
316(7)
Differential Form of Continuity Equation
316(3)
Cylindrical Polar Coordinates
319(1)
The Stream Function
320(3)
Conservation of Linear Momentum
323(4)
Description of Forces Acting on the Differential Element
324(2)
Equations of Motion
326(1)
Inviscid Flow
327(9)
Euler's Equations of Motion
327(1)
The Bernoulli Equation
328(2)
Irrotational Flow
330(2)
The Bernoulli Equation for Irrotational Flow
332(1)
The Velocity Potential
332(4)
Some Basic, Plane Potential Flows
336(10)
Uniform Flow
338(1)
Source and Sink
339(2)
Vortex
341(3)
Doublet
344(2)
Superposition of Basic, Plane Potential Flows
346(12)
Source in a Uniform Stream---Half-Body
347(3)
Rankine Ovals
350(2)
Flow Around a Circular Cylinder
352(6)
Other Aspects of Potential Flow Analysis
358(1)
Viscous Flow
359(3)
Stress-Deformation Relationships
359(1)
The Naiver--Stokes Equations
360(2)
Some Simple Solutions for Viscous, Incompressible Fluids
362(10)
Steady, Laminar Flow Between Fixed Parallel Plates
362(3)
Couette Flow
365(2)
Steady, Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes
367(3)
Steady, Axial, Laminar Flow in an Annulus
370(2)
Other Aspects of Differential Analysis
372(25)
Numerical Methods
373(8)
References
381(1)
Review Problems
381(2)
Problems
383(14)
Similitude, Dimensional Analysis, and Modeling
397(62)
Dimensional Analysis
397(3)
Buckingham Pi Theorem
400(1)
Determination of Pi Terms
400(7)
Some Additional Comments About Dimensional Analysis
407(5)
Selection of Variables
407(2)
Determination of Reference Dimensions
409(2)
Uniqueness of Pi Terms
411(1)
Determination of Pi Terms by Inspection
412(2)
Common Dimensionless Groups in Fluid Mechanics
414(4)
Correlation of Experimental Data
418(5)
Problems with One Pi Term
418(2)
Problems with Two or More Pi Terms
420(3)
Modeling and Similitude
423(7)
Theory of Models
423(5)
Model Scales
428(1)
Practical Aspects of Using Models
428(2)
Some Typical Model Studies
430(11)
Flow Through Closed Conduits
430(3)
Flow Around Immersed Bodies
433(4)
Flow with a Free Surface
437(4)
Similitude Based on Governing Differential Equations
441(18)
References
444(1)
Review Problems
444(2)
Problems
446(13)
Viscous Flow in Pipes
459(92)
General Characteristics of Pipe Flow
460(5)
Laminar or Turbulent Flow
461(2)
Entrance Region and Fully Developed Flow
463(1)
Pressure and Shear Stress
464(1)
Fully Developed Laminar Flow
465(11)
From F = ma Applied to a Fluid Element
466(5)
From the Navier-Stokes Equations
471(1)
From Dimensional Analysis
472(2)
Energy Considerations
474(2)
Fully Developed Turbulent Flow
476(13)
Transition from Laminar to Turbulent Flow
477(2)
Turbulent Shear Stress
479(4)
Turbulent Velocity Profile
483(5)
Turbulence Modeling
488(1)
Chaos and Turbulence
488(1)
Dimensional Analysis of Pipe Flow
489(21)
The Moody Chart
489(7)
Minor Losses
496(12)
Noncircular Conduits
508(2)
Pipe Flow Examples
510(19)
Single Pipes
511(12)
Multiple Pipe Systems
523(6)
Pipe Flowrate Measurement
529(22)
Pipe Flowrate Meters
529(5)
Volume Flow Meters
534(2)
References
536(1)
Review Problems
537(2)
Problems
539(12)
Flow Over Immersed Bodies
551(88)
General External Flow Characteristics
552(10)
Lift and Drag Concepts
553(4)
Characteristics of Flow Past an Object
557(5)
Boundary Layer Characteristics
562(29)
Boundary Layer Structure and Thickness on a Flat Plate
562(4)
Prandtl/Blasius Boundary Layer Solution
566(4)
Momentum Integral Boundary Layer Equation for a Flat Plate
570(7)
Transition from Laminar to Turbulent Flow
577(2)
Turbulent Boundary Layer Flow
579(6)
Effects of Pressure Gradient
585(5)
Momentum-Integral Boundary Layer Equation with Nonzero Pressure Gradient
590(1)
Drag
591(19)
Friction Drag
591(2)
Pressure Drag
593(3)
Drag Coefficient Data and Examples
596(14)
Lift
610(29)
Surface Pressure Distribution
610(11)
Circulation
621(4)
References
625(1)
Review Problems
626(2)
Problems
628(11)
Open-Channel Flow
639(60)
General Characteristics of Open-Channel Flow
640(1)
Surface Waves
641(4)
Wave Speed
641(3)
Froude Number Effects
644(1)
Energy Considerations
645(7)
Specific Energy
646(5)
Channel Depth Variations
651(1)
Uniform Depth Channel Flow
652(13)
Uniform Flow Approximations
652(1)
The Chezy and Manning Equations
653(3)
Uniform Depth Examples
656(9)
Gradually Varied Flow
665(4)
Classification of Surface Shapes
666(1)
Examples of Gradually Varied Flows
667(2)
Rapidly Varied Flow
669(30)
The Hydraulic Jump
671(6)
Sharp-Crested Weirs
677(3)
Broad-Crested Weirs
680(3)
Underflow Gates
683(3)
References
686(1)
Review Problems
686(2)
Problems
688(11)
Compressible Flow
699(80)
Ideal Gas Relationships
700(6)
Mach Number and Speed of Sound
706(3)
Categories of Compressible Flow
709(4)
Isentropic Flow of an Ideal Gas
713(22)
Effect of Variations in Flow Cross-Section Area
714(2)
Converging-Diverging Duct Flow
716(18)
Constant-Area Duct Flow
734(1)
Nonisentropic Flow of an Ideal Gas
735(32)
Adiabatic Constant-Area Duct Flow with Friction (Fanno Flow)
735(15)
Frictionless Constant-Area Duct Flow with Heat Transfer (Rayleigh Flow)
750(7)
Normal Shock Waves
757(10)
Analogy Between Compressible and Open-Channel Flow
767(1)
Two-Dimensional Compressible Flow
768(11)
References
771(1)
Review Problems
772(1)
Problems
772(7)
Turbomachines
779(67)
Introduction
780(2)
Basic Energy Considerations
782(4)
Basic Angular Momentum Considerations
786(2)
The Centrifugal Pump
788(14)
Theoretical Considerations
790(4)
Pump Performance Characteristics
794(2)
Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH)
796(2)
System Characteristics and Pump Selection
798(4)
Dimensionless Parameters and Similarity Laws
802(6)
Special Pump Scaling Laws
805(2)
Specific Speed
807(1)
Suction Specific Speed
807(1)
Axial-Flow and Mixed-Flow Pumps
808(2)
Fans
810(1)
Turbines
811(16)
Impulse Turbines
813(10)
Reaction Turbines
823(4)
Compressible Flow Turbomachines
827(19)
Compressors
827(5)
Compressible Flow Turbines
832(2)
References
834(1)
Review Problems
835(2)
Problems
837(9)
A Unit Conversion Tables846(4)
B Physical Properties of Fluids850(6)
C Properties of the U.S. Standard Atmosphere856(2)
D Compressible Flow Data For an Ideal Gas858(1)
Answers859(10)
Index869

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