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Fashion : From Concept to Consumer

ISBN: 9780130806413 | 0130806412
Edition: 6th
Format: Hardcover
Publisher: Prentice Hall
Pub. Date: 8/1/1998

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SummaryTable of Contents
Organized according to the product development and marketing process accepted in the fashion industry, the new edition of this introductory text follows products from design concept through to consumer purchase. This complete coverage includes a complete description of global influences on the entire fashion industry.
... MORE
FOREWORDxvii(2)
PREFACExix(2)
ACKNOWLEDGMENTSxxi
Part One THE FUNDAMENTALS OF FASHION1(92)
1 FASHION DEVELOPMENT
3(30)
FRANCE, THE CENTER OF FASHION
4(2)
Fashion Dictated by Royalty
4(1)
Hand Sewing by Dressmakers and Tailors
4(1)
Growth of the Couture
5(1)
EFFECTS OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION ON FASHION
6(2)
Growth of the Textile Industry
6(1)
Growth of the Middle Class
6(2)
MASS PRODUCTION OF CLOTHING
8(2)
Invention of the Sewing Machine
8(1)
Women's Fashion Reflects Social Changes
8(1)
Mass Production of Women's Separates
9(1)
Children's Fashion
9(1)
RETAILING DURING THE NINETEENTH CENTURY
10(2)
The First Department Stores
10(1)
Early Mail-Order Merchandising
10(2)
CHANGES CAUSED BY COMMUNICATIONS, LEISURE, AND INDUSTRY
12(2)
The First Fashion Magazines
12(1)
Growth of Leisure Activities
12(1)
Conditions in the Garment Industry
12(2)
EFFECTS OF WORLD WAR I ON THE STATUS OF WOMEN AND FASHION
14(2)
Women in the Workforce
14(1)
Important Trendsetting Designers
14(2)
RETAIL EXPANSION IN THE EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURY
16(1)
Specialty Stores for Quality Fashion
16(1)
The Expansion of Chain Stores
16(1)
The Advent of Suburban Retail Centers
16(1)
EFFECTS OF THE DEPRESSION ON FASHION
16(2)
Bursting of the Credit Bubble
16(1)
Hollywood's Influence on Fashion
17(1)
Paris's Influence on International Fashion
18(1)
THE EFFECT OF WORLD WAR II ON FASHION
18(1)
America's Isolation from Paris Fashion
18(1)
REACTIONARY POSTWAR FASHION
19(1)
French Fashion Direction
19(1)
American Fashion Innovators
20(1)
THE YOUTH-DIRECTED 1960s
20(2)
London Emerges as a Leader in Youthful Fashion
21(1)
Revival of Men's Fashion
21(1)
Fashion Business Evolution
21(1)
Boutiques Set Retailing Trends
22(1)
ANTIFASHION OF THE LATE 1960s AND 1970s
22(2)
The Women's Movement
23(1)
THE ACQUISITIVE 1980s
24(2)
Globalization
24(1)
Domestic Industry Trends
24(2)
THE VALUE-ORIENTED 1990s
26(2)
Recession
26(1)
Fashion Direction
26(1)
The Turn of the Century
27(1)
SUMMARY
28(1)
CHAPTER REVIEW
28(5)
Terms and Concepts
28(1)
Questions for Review
29(1)
Projects for Additional Learning
29(4)
2 CONSUMER DEMAND AND FASHION MARKETING
33(20)
CONSUMER DEMAND
34(1)
CONSUMER GROUPS
35(4)
Demographic Trends
35(2)
Psychographic or Life-Style Trends
37(1)
Target Marketing
38(1)
ECONOMIC INFLUENCES ON CONSUMER DEMAND AND MARKETING
39(2)
Consumer Spending
39(1)
Purchasing Power
40(1)
GLOBAL INFLUENCES ON MARKETING
41(5)
Imports
41(2)
World Trade Organization
43(2)
Exports
45(1)
North American Free Trade Agreement
45(1)
TECHNOLOGICAL INFLUENCES ON THE CONSUMER AND MARKETING
46(3)
Communications
46(1)
Information Technology
47(1)
Electronic Data Interchange
48(1)
Production Technology
49(1)
THE MARKETING CHAIN
49(1)
SUMMARY
50(1)
CHAPTER REVIEW
51(2)
Terms and Concepts
51(1)
Questions for Review
51(1)
Projects for Additional Learning
51(2)
3 FASHION CHANGE AND CONSUMER ACCEPTANCE
53(26)
FASHION TERMS
54(1)
Fashion
54(1)
FASHION EVOLUTION
55(4)
Fashion Cycles
55(2)
Length of Cycles
57(2)
CONSUMER IDENTIFICATION WITH FASHION CYCLES
59(2)
Consumer Groups
59(1)
Fashion Leadership in Manufacturing and Retailing
60(1)
ADOPTION OF FASHION
61(2)
Traditional Fashion Adoption (Trickle-Down Theory)
61(1)
Reverse Adoption (Trickle-Up or Bottom-Up Theories)
62(1)
Mass Dissemination (Trickle-Across Theory)
62(1)
MOTIVES FOR CONSUMER BUYING
63(2)
Fashion Selection
63(1)
Practical Considerations
64(1)
FASHION CATEGORIES
65(10)
Women's Wear
66(1)
Size Ranges
67(2)
Men's Wear
69(3)
Children's Wear
72(3)
SUMMARY
75(1)
CHAPTER REVIEW
75(4)
Terms and Concepts
75(1)
Questions for Review
76(1)
Projects for Additional Learning
76(3)
4 FASHION RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS
79(14)
FASHION FORECASTING
80(2)
Market Research
81(1)
Evaluating the Collections
82(1)
FASHION SERVICES AND RESOURCES
82(6)
Fashion Services
83(1)
Color Services
84(1)
Video Services
85(1)
Loose-Leaf and Newsletter Services
85(1)
Web Sites
85(1)
Directories and Reference Books
85(1)
Fashion Magazines and Newspapers
85(3)
Catalogs
88(1)
DESIGN SOURCES
88(3)
Historic and Ethnic Costume
88(2)
The Arts
90(1)
Fabrics
90(1)
Travel
90(1)
Form Follows Function
90(1)
The Street Scene
91(1)
The Turn of the Century
91(1)
Awareness
91(1)
SUMMARY
91(1)
CHAPTER REVIEW
92(1)
Terms and Concepts
92(1)
Questions for Review
92(1)
Projects for Additional Learning
92(1)
Part Two THE RAW MATERIALS OF FASHION93(58)
5 TEXTILE FIBER AND FABRIC PRODUCTION
95(24)
FIBERS
96(1)
NATURAL FIBER PRODUCTION
96(4)
Natural Fiber Producers
96(1)
Cotton
97(1)
Flax
98(1)
Ramie
99(1)
Wool
99(1)
Silk
99(1)
MAN-MADE FIBERS
100(5)
Man-Made Fiber Producers
101(1)
Cellulosic Fibers
101(1)
Noncellulosic or Synthetic Fibers
102(2)
Generic and Brand Identification
104(1)
Man-Made Fiber Production
104(1)
TEXTILE YARN AND FABRIC PRODUCERS
105(1)
Textile Mills
105(1)
Converters
105(1)
YARN PRODUCTION
106(1)
Filament Yarn Processing
106(1)
Spinning Staple Fibers
106(1)
FABRIC PRODUCTION
107(4)
Weaving
107(2)
Knitting
109(2)
Nonwoven Fabrics
111(1)
Production Centers
111(1)
DYEING
111(1)
PRINTING
112(2)
Wet Printing
112(1)
Dry Printing
113(1)
FINISHING
114(1)
Physical Means of Finishing
114(1)
Chemical Means of Finishing
114(1)
ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS
115(1)
Alternatives in Cotton Growing
115(1)
Recycled Polyester
115(1)
Alternatives in Fiber and Fabric Production and Finishing
115(1)
"Green" Jeans
115(1)
Costs of Environmental Improvements
116(1)
SUMMARY
116(1)
CHAPTER REVIEW
116(3)
Terms and Concepts
116(1)
Questions for Review
117(1)
Projects for Additional Learning
117(2)
6 TEXTILE PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT AND MARKETING
119(16)
THE GLOBAL TEXTILE MARKET
120(1)
Imports Cause Trade Imbalance and Loss of Jobs
120(1)
Exports and Overseas Investment
121(1)
NEW MARKETING STRATEGIES
121(1)
Quick Response
121(1)
FIBER PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT AND MARKETING
121(4)
Sales Promotion
122(3)
Fiber Distribution
125(1)
FABRIC PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT AND MARKETING
125(7)
Textile Design
125(3)
Sales Promotion
128(1)
Fabric Markets
129(2)
Selling
131(1)
Sales Representatives
131(1)
SUMMARY
132(1)
CHAPTER REVIEW
132(3)
Terms and Concepts
132(1)
Questions for Review
133(1)
Projects for Additional Learning
133(2)
7 TRIMMINGS, LEATHER, AND FUR
135(16)
TRIMMINGS
136(9)
Threads
136(1)
Elastics
137(1)
Interfacings
137(1)
Narrow Fabrics
138(4)
Fasteners
142(2)
Belts
144(1)
Marketing
144(1)
THE LEATHER INDUSTRY
145(2)
Leather Processing
145(2)
Environmental Concerns
147(1)
Leather Promotion and Marketing
147(1)
THE FUR INDUSTRY
147(2)
Fur Sources
148(1)
Fur Processing
148(1)
Marketing
149(1)
SUMMARY
149(1)
CHAPTER REVIEW
150(1)
Terms and Concepts
150(1)
Questions for Review
150(1)
Projects for Additional Learning
150(1)
Part Three THE MANUFACTURING OF FASHION151(134)
8 INTERNATIONAL FASHION CENTERS
153(22)
GLOBAL NATURE OF FASHION
154(1)
FRANCE
155(4)
The Couture
156(3)
Pret-a-Porter
159(1)
ITALY
159(3)
ENGLAND
162(1)
Savile Row
162(1)
Women's Apparel
162(1)
GERMANY
163(1)
CANADA
164(2)
Montreal, Quebec
165(1)
Toronto, Ontario
165(1)
THE UNITED STATES
166(6)
New York
166(4)
Regional Fashion Centers
170(1)
Other Regional Centers
171(1)
SUMMARY
172(1)
CHAPTER REVIEW
172(3)
Terms and Concepts
172(1)
Questions for Review
172(1)
Projects for Additional Learning
172(3)
9 PRODUCT AND DESIGN DEVELOPMENT
175(24)
PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
176(2)
Appealing to a Target Market
176(1)
The Product Development Team
176(1)
Merchandising
177(1)
Seasons
178(1)
DESIGN DEVELOPMENT
178(13)
Groups
179(2)
Items
181(1)
Design Elements
181(6)
Design Principles
187(3)
Sketching Ideas
190(1)
DEVELOPING A SAMPLE GARMENT
191(4)
The First Pattern
191(2)
The Designer Work Sheet
193(2)
LINE SELECTION
195(1)
SUMMARY
196(1)
CHAPTER REVIEW
196(3)
Terms and Concepts
196(1)
Questions for Review
197(1)
Projects for Additional Learning
197(2)
10 APPAREL PRODUCTION
199(32)
COSTING A GARMENT
200(3)
Costing Functions
200(1)
The Cost Sheet
200(2)
Wholesale Pricing
202(1)
Cost Merchandising
202(1)
PURCHASING OF PIECE GOODS
203(3)
Piece Goods Inspection
205(1)
PATTERNMAKING
206(3)
The Production Pattern
206(1)
Grading Sizes
207(1)
Making the Marker
208(1)
PRODUCTION SCHEDULING
209(1)
Issue Plan
209(1)
Inventory Control
210(1)
Plant Capacity
210(1)
SPREADING AND CUTTING PROCEDURES
210(3)
Spreading
211(1)
Cutting Techniques
211(1)
Environmental Concerns
212(1)
Bundling
212(1)
CONTRACTING
213(5)
Global Sourcing
213(2)
Overseas Production Methods
215(2)
Sweatshops
217(1)
GARMENT ASSEMBLY
218(4)
Assembly Operations
218(2)
Computer Technology Used in Garment Assembly
220(1)
Power Sewing Machines
220(1)
Programmable Sewing Machines
221(1)
Finishing
222(1)
PRODUCTION OF MEN'S SUITS
222(1)
PRODUCTION OF KNITWEAR
223(1)
PREPARATIONS FOR SHIPPING
224(3)
Dyeing and Washing
224(1)
Pressing
224(1)
Quality Control
224(1)
Labeling
225(1)
Filling Orders
226(1)
SUMMARY
227(1)
CHAPTER REVIEW
227(4)
Terms and Concepts
227(1)
Questions for Review
227(1)
Projects for Additional Learning
228(3)
11 ACCESSORY AND FUR MANUFACTURING
231(26)
FASHION ACCESSORIES
232(19)
Footwear
234(4)
Handbags
238(1)
Belts
239(2)
Gloves
241(1)
Hats
242(2)
Scarves
244(1)
Hosiery
245(2)
Jewelry
247(4)
FUR MANUFACTURING
251(3)
Product Development
251(1)
Industry Organization
252(1)
Production
252(1)
Fur Labeling
253(1)
Markets
254(1)
SUMMARY
254(1)
CHAPTER REVIEW
254(3)
Terms and Concepts
254(1)
Questions for Review
255(1)
Projects for Additional Learning
255(2)
12 WHOLESALE MARKETS, SALES PROMOTION, AND DISTRIBUTION
257(28)
INTERNATIONAL MARKETS
258(5)
European Collection Openings
258(5)
DOMESTIC MARKETS
263(5)
New York
263(2)
National Trade Shows
265(1)
Regional Market Centers
266(2)
DISTRIBUTION
268(5)
Distribution Policy
268(1)
Brand Names
268(1)
Building a Brand or Designer Name
269(1)
Licensing
270(1)
Exports
271(1)
Manufacturers as Retailers
271(1)
Other Forms of Distribution
272(1)
SALES PROMOTION
273(6)
Collection and Market Week Promotion
273(1)
Publicity
274(1)
Advertising
274(2)
Other Promotional Aids to Retailers
276(2)
Associations That Promote Fashion
278(1)
SELLING TO RETAILERS
279(2)
Corporate Selling
279(1)
Sales Representatives
279(1)
Selling Incentives
280(1)
Orders
281(1)
Manufacturer-Retailer Relationships
281(1)
SUMMARY
281(1)
CHAPTER REVIEW
282(3)
Terms and Concepts
282(1)
Questions for Review
282(1)
Projects for Additional Learning
282(3)
Part Four FASHION RETAILING285(70)
13 RETAIL STORES
287(22)
THE RETAILING PICTURE
288(3)
Retailing's Roots in the Cities
288(1)
Shopping Centers
288(2)
Retail Bankruptcies and Consolidations
290(1)
Too Many Stores
291(1)
RETAIL STRATEGIES FOR THE TURN OF THE CENTURY
291(2)
Value-Directed Retailing
292(1)
Service-Oriented Retailing
292(1)
Unique Merchandising
292(1)
Shopping as Entertainment
292(1)
Revitalization of Downtown and Main Street Retailing
293(1)
Global Expansion
293(1)
TYPES OF RETAIL OPERATIONS
293(7)
Specialty Stores
294(1)
Department Stores
295(1)
Mass Merchants
296(2)
Promotional Stores
298(1)
Nonstore Retailing
298(2)
RETAIL ORGANIZATION
300(2)
The Small Store
301(1)
The Large Store
301(1)
Stores Within a Store
301(1)
MULTIPLE-UNIT STORES
302(2)
Chain Stores
302(1)
Department Store Groups
303(1)
Corporate Ownership
303(1)
MARKETING
304(2)
Market Research
304(1)
Retail Target Customers
304(1)
Fashion Leadership
305(1)
The Retailer's Image
306(1)
SUMMARY
306(1)
CHAPTER REVIEW
306(3)
Terms and Concepts
306(1)
Questions for Review
306(1)
Projects for Additional Learning
307(2)
14 RETAIL FASHION MERCHANDISING
309(28)
MERCHANDISING ORGANIZATION
310(2)
Responsibilities of the Store Line
310(1)
Responsibilities of the Buying Line
310(1)
Fashion Merchandising Direction
311(1)
BUYING PREPARATIONS
312(2)
The Merchandise Plan
312(1)
The Buying Plan
313(1)
BUYING
314(7)
The Buyer's Role
314(2)
Target Customers
316(1)
Micro-versus Macromerchandising
316(1)
The Buying-Selling Cycle
316(2)
Shopping the Market
318(2)
Purchase Orders
320(1)
NATIONAL BRANDS VERSUS PRIVATE LABEL
321(2)
Private Label
321(2)
BUYING OFFICES
323(1)
RETAIL PRICING
324(1)
RECEIVING
325(1)
RECORD KEEPING
326(1)
Unit Control
326(1)
Inventory Control
326(1)
Physical Inventory
327(1)
CUSTOMER SERVICE
327(2)
RETAIL SALES
329(2)
Sales Training
329(1)
The Department Manager
329(1)
Selling
329(2)
MERCHANDISING EVALUATION
331(1)
SUMMARY
332(1)
CHAPTER REVIEW
333(4)
Terms and Concepts
333(1)
Questions for Review
333(1)
Projects for Additional Learning
333(4)
15 RETAIL FASHION PROMOTION
337(18)
PLANNING AND DIRECTION
338(1)
FASHION ADVERTISING
339(6)
Kinds of Advertising
339(1)
Cooperative Advertising
339(1)
Scheduling and Planning
340(1)
Media
340(3)
The Advertising Department
343(1)
Advertising Agencies
344(1)
PUBLICITY
345(1)
Publicity Campaigns
345(1)
SPECIAL EVENTS
346(1)
Fashion Shows
346(1)
VISUAL MERCHANDISING
347(6)
Store Planning and Design
348(1)
Windows
349(1)
Interiors
349(1)
Elements of Visual Merchandising
350(1)
Departments
351(2)
EVALUATION
353(1)
SUMMARY
353(1)
CHAPTER REVIEW
353(2)
Terms and Concepts
353(1)
Questions for Review
354(1)
Projects for Additional Learning
354(1)
APPENDIX: CAREER GUIDELINES355(6)
THE TEXTILE INDUSTRY355(1)
Fiber and Fabric Development355(1)
Production355(1)
Marketing356(1)
Training and Advancement356(1)
APPAREL MANUFACTURING356(1)
Design and Merchandising356(1)
Patternmaking356(1)
Production356(1)
Marketing356(1)
Training and Advancement356(1)
RETAILING357(1)
Training357(1)
PROMOTION357(1)
FINDING A JOB358(1)
Research358(1)
Preparations for an Interview358(1)
The Interview358(1)
THE FIRST JOB359(1)
PREPARATIONS FOR A JOB INTERVIEW359(2)
FASHION INDUSTRY TERMINOLOGY361(6)
INDEX367

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