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Essentials of Exercise Physiology

by: McArdle, William D.; Katch, Frank I.; Katch, Victor L.

Essentials of Exercise Physiology

by: McArdle, William D.; Katch, Frank I.; Katch, Victor L.

ISBN 13:
9780683305074
ISBN 10:
0683305077
Edition: 2nd
Format: Paperback
Copyright: 01/01/2000
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
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Summary

Queens College of the City University of New York, Flushing. Text, for students, includes the fundamental aspects of exercise physiology. Discusses basic and applied exercise physiology and information important to health-related professionals. Previous edition: c1994. Includes The Student Study Guide and Workbook. Softcover.

Section 1: Introduction to Exercise Physiology

(38)

Origins of Exercise Physiology: Foundations for the Field of Study

(33)

Earliest Development

(1)

Early United States Experience

(10)

Contributions of the Harvard Fatigue Laboratory (1927--1946)

(1)

Nordic Connection (Denmark, Sweden, Norway, and Finland)

(3)

Other Contributors to Exercise Physiology

(1)

Contemporary Developments

(1)

A Common Link

(2)

General Goals of Science

(1)

Hierarchy in Science

(1)

Casual and Causal Relationships

(3)

Factors That Affect Relationships Among Variables

(3)

Establishing Laws

(1)

Developing Theories

(1)

Certainty of Science

(1)

Publishing Results of Experiments

(1)

Empirical vs. Theoretical Research; Basic vs. Applied Research

(2)

Thought Questions

(1)

Selected References

(1)

Section 2: Nutrition and Energy Transfer

(190)

Macronutrients and Food Energy

(27)

Carbohydrates

(6)

Lipids

(4)

Proteins

(5)

Recommended Dietary Allowance

(5)

Calorie---A Measurement of Food Energy

(1)

Gross Energy Value of Foods

(1)

Net Energy Value of Foods

(3)

Calories Equal Calories

(1)

Thought Questions

(1)

Selected References

(1)

Micronutrients and Water

(28)

Vitamins

(6)

Vitamin Supplements: The Competitive Edge?

(1)

Minerals

(7)

Minerals and Exercise Performance

(2)

Water in the Body

(2)

Water Requirement in Exercise

(6)

Thought Questions

(1)

Selected References

(2)

Fundamentals of Human Energy Transfer

(29)

Adenosine Triphosphate: The Energy Currency

(2)

Phosphocreatine: The Energy Reservoir

100

(1)

Intramuscular High-Energy Phosphates

101

(1)

Energy Source Important

101

(1)

Cellular Oxidation

102

(3)

Energy Release From Carbohydrate

105

(7)

Energy Release From Fat

112

(2)

Energy Release From Protein

114

(2)

The Metabolic Mill

116

(1)

Fats Burn in a Carbohydrate Flame

116

(1)

Regulation of Energy Metabolism

117

(1)

Acid-Base Regulation and pH

118

(2)

Buffering and Strenuous Exercise

120

(2)

Thought Questions

122

(1)

Selected References

122

(2)

Human Energy Transfer During Exercise

124

(18)

Immediate Energy: The ATP-PCr System

125

(1)

Short-Term Energy: The lactic Acid System

126

(1)

Long-Term Energy: The Aerobic System

127

(5)

Fast-and Slow-Twitch Muscle Fibers

132

(1)

Energy Spectrum of Exercise

132

(3)

Oxygen Uptake During Recovery: The So-Called ``Oxygen Debt''

135

(6)

Thought Questions

141

(1)

Selected References

141

(1)

Measurement of Human Energy Expenditure

142

(12)

Heat Produced by the Body

143

(5)

Direct Versus Indirect Calorimetry

148

(1)

Respiratory Quotient (RQ)

148

(1)

Respiratory Exchange Ratio (R)

149

(3)

Thought Questions

152

(1)

Selected References

153

(1)

Energy Expenditure During Rest and Physical Activity

154

(25)

Energy Expenditure at Rest: Basal Metabolic Rate

155

(1)

Influence of Body Size on Resting Metabolism

156

(1)

Estimating Resting Daily Energy Expenditure

157

(1)

Factors Affecting Energy Expenditure

157

(5)

Energy Cost of Recreational and Sport Activities

162

(1)

Average Daily Rates of Energy Expenditure

163

(1)

Classification of Work

163

(3)

Economy of Movement

166

(1)

Mechanical Efficiency

167

(1)

Energy Expenditure During Walking

168

(2)

Energy Expenditure During Running

170

(4)

Energy Expenditure During Swimming

174

(3)

Thought Questions

177

(1)

Selected References

178

(1)

Evaluating Energy-Generating Capacities During Exercise

179

(27)

Overview of Energy Transfer Capacity During Exercise

180

(1)

Anaerobic Energy: Immediate and Short-Term Energy Systems

181

(7)

Aerobic Energy: Long-Term Energy System

188

(1)

Maximal Oxygen Uptake Measurement

189

(9)

Maximal Oxygen Uptake Predictions

198

(6)

Thought Questions

204

(1)

Selected References

205

(1)

Optimal Nutrition for Exercise and Sport

206

(22)

Nutrient Requirements

207

(2)

Exercise and Food Intake

209

(5)

The Precompetition Meal

214

(2)

Carbohydrate Intake Before, During, and After Intense Exercise

216

(2)

Glucose Intake, Electrolytes, and Water Uptake

218

(1)

Recommended Oral Rehydration Beverage

219

(1)

Post-Exercise Carbohydrate Intake

219

(2)

Carbohydrate Needs in Intense Training

221

(1)

Diet, Glycogen Stores, and Endurance

221

(3)

Carbohydrate Loading

224

(1)

Thought Questions

225

(1)

Selected References

226

(2)

Section 3: The Physiologic Support Systems

228

(126)

The Pulmonary System and Exercise

230

(32)

Anatomy of Ventilation

231

(3)

Lung Volumes and Capacities

234

(3)

Pulmonary Ventilation

237

(2)

Disruptions in Normal Breathing Patterns

239

(2)

Respired Gases: Concentrations and Partial Pressures

241

(1)

Movement of Gas in Air and Fluids

242

(1)

Gas Exchange in the Body

243

(2)

Oxygen Transport in the Blood

245

(3)

Carbon Dioxide Transport in Blood

248

(2)

Ventilatory Control

250

(2)

Ventilatory Control in Exercise

252

(2)

Pulmonary Ventilation and Energy Demands

254

(4)

Does Ventilation Limit Aerobic Capacity?

258

(2)

Thought Questions

260

(1)

Selected References

261

(1)

The Cardiovascular System and Exercise

262

(34)

Components of the Cardiovascular System

264

(4)

Blood Pressure

268

(3)

Heart's Blood Supply

271

(4)

Heart Rate Regulation

275

(5)

Blood Distribution

280

(2)

Integrated Response in Exercise

282

(2)

Cardiac Output

284

(1)

Resting Cardiac Output

285

(1)

Exercise Cardiac Output

285

(1)

Exercise Stroke Volume

286

(2)

Exercise Heart Rate

288

(1)

Cardiac Output Distribution

288

(1)

Cardiac Output and Oxygen Transport

289

(1)

Extraction of Oxygen: The a-vO2 Difference

290

(1)

Cardiovascular Adjustments to Upper-Body Exercise

291

(1)

``Athlete's Heart''

292

(2)

Thought Questions

294

(1)

Selected References

294

(2)

The Neuromuscular System and Exercise

296

(32)

Neuromotor System Organization

297

(10)

Motor Unit Physiology

307

(3)

Proprioceptors in Muscles, Joints, and Tendons

310

(4)

Comparison of Skeletal, Cardiac, and Smooth Muscle

314

(1)

Gross Structure of Skeletal Muscle

315

(1)

Skeletal Muscle Ultrastructure

316

(3)

Chemical and Mechanical Events During Contraction and Relaxation

319

(3)

Muscle Fiber Type

322

(4)

Thought Questions

326

(1)

Selected References

327

(1)

Hormones, Exercise, and Training

328

(26)

Endocrine System Overview

329

(1)

Endocrine System Organization

329

(2)

Resting and Exercise-Induced Endocrine Secretions

331

(3)

Anterior Pituitary Hormones

334

(2)

Posterior Pituitary Hormones

336

(1)

Thyroid Hormones

337

(1)

Parathyroid Hormone

337

(1)

Adrenal Hormones

338

(2)

Pancreatic Hormones

340

(2)

Diabetes Mellitus

342

(4)

Endurance Training and Endocrine Function

346

(5)

Resistance Training and Endocrine Function

351

(1)

Thought Questions

352

(1)

Selected References

352

(2)

Section 4: Exercise Training and Adaptations in Functional Capacity

354

(72)

Training the Anaerobic and Aerobic Energy Systems

356

(32)

Training Must Focus on Energy Requirements

357

(1)

General Training Principles

358

(2)

Anaerobic Training

360

(2)

Aerobic Training

362

(4)

Factors That Affect Aerobic Conditioning

366

(2)

Adaptations to Exercise Training

368

(7)

Formulating an Aerobic Training Program

375

(5)

Continuous Versus Intermittent Aerobic Training

380

(2)

Maintaining Aerobic Fitness

382

(1)

Exercise Training During Pregnancy

382

(4)

Thought Questions

386

(1)

Selected References

387

(1)

Training Muscles to Become Stronger

388

(38)

Foundations for Studying Muscular Strength

389

(1)

Measurement of Muscular Strength

390

(3)

Strength Testing Considerations

393

(1)

Training Muscles to Become Stronger

393

(6)

Gender Differences in Muscular Strength

399

(3)

Resistance Training for Children

402

(1)

Systems of Resistance Training

402

(9)

Neural Adaptations

411

(1)

Muscle Adaptations

412

(3)

Connective Tissue and Bone Adaptations

415

(1)

Cardiovascular Adaptations

415

(2)

Metabolic Stress of Resistance Training

417

(2)

Body Composition Adaptations

419

(1)

Muscle Soreness and Stiffness

419

(5)

Thought Questions

424

(1)

Selected References

425

(1)

Section 5: Factors Affecting Physiological Function, Energy Transfer, and Exercise Performance

426

(72)

Environment and Exercise

428

(33)

Thermoregulation

429

(1)

Thermal Balance

429

(1)

Hypothalamic Regulation of Body Temperature

430

(1)

Thermoregulation in Cold Stress

431

(1)

Thermoregulation in Heat Stress

431

(3)

Integration of Heat Dissipating Mechanisms

434

(1)

Effects of Clothing on Thermoregulation

434

(3)

Nutritional Aspects of Exercise in Extreme Environments

437

(1)

Exercise in the Heat

438

(1)

Circulatory Adjustments

438

(1)

Core Temperature During Exercise

439

(1)

Water Loss in the Heat

439

(4)

Factors That Improve Heat Tolerance

443

(3)

Evaluating Environmental Heat Stress

446

(1)

Exercise in the Cold

447

(1)

Evaluating Environmental Cold Stress

447

(2)

Stress of Altitude

449

(1)

Acclimatization

450

(3)

Altitude-Related Medical Problems

453

(2)

Exercise Capacity at Altitude

455

(1)

Altitude Training and Sea Level Performance

456

(2)

Thought Questions

458

(1)

Selected References

459

(2)

Ergogenic Aids

461

(37)

Anabolic Steroids

463

(3)

Androstenedione: A Legal Supplement in Some Sports

466

(2)

Clenbuterol: Anabolic Steroid Substitute

468

(1)

Growth Hormone: The Next Magic Pill?

469

(1)

DHEA: New Drug On the Circuit

469

(2)

Amphetamines

471

(1)

Caffeine

471

(5)

Alcohol

476

(2)

Pangamic Acid

478

(1)

Buffering Solutions

478

(2)

Phosphate Loading

480

(1)

Anti-Cortisol Producing Compounds

480

(1)

Chromium

481

(3)

Creatine

484

(5)

Red Blood Cell Reinfusion

489

(2)

Warm-Up

491

(1)

Breathing Hyperoxic Gas

492

(3)

Thought Questions

495

(1)

Selected References

495

(3)

Section 6: Optimizing Body Composition, Aging, and Health-Related Exercise Benefits

498

(165)

Body Composition: Components, Assessment, and Human Variability

500

(28)

Gross Composition of the Human Body

501

(4)

Leaness, Exercise, and Menstrual Irregularities

505

(1)

Methods to Assess Body Size and Composition

506

(12)

Body Mass Index

518

(2)

Average Values for Body Composition

520

(2)

Body Composition of Champion Athletes

522

(4)

Thought Questions

526

(1)

Selected References

526

(2)

Obesity, Exercise, and Weight Control

528

(26)

Obesity: A Long-Term Process

529

(1)

Not Necessarily Overeating

529

(3)

Health Risks of Obesity

532

(1)

How Fat is Too Fat?

533

(7)

The Energy Balance Equation

540

(1)

Dieting to Tip the Energy Balance Equation

541

(4)

Exercising to Tip the Energy Balance Equation

545

(4)

Diet Plus Exercise: The Ideal Combination

549

(1)

Gaining Weight

550

(2)

Thought Questions

552

(1)

Selected References

552

(2)

Exercise, Aging, and Cardiovascular Health

554

(33)

Surgeon General's Report on Physical Activity and Health

555

(1)

Safety of Exercising

556

(1)

The New Gerontology

557

(1)

Concept of Successful Aging

558

(1)

Aging and Bodily Function

558

(10)

Regular Exercise: A Fountain of Youth?

568

(3)

Coronary Heart Disease

571

(3)

Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease

574

(8)

Behavioral Changes Improve Overall Health Profile

582

(1)

Thought Questions

583

(1)

Selected References

584

(3)

Clinical Exercise Physiology for Health-Related Professionals

587

(76)

The Exercise Physiologist/Health-Fitness Professional In the Clinical Setting

588

(1)

Sports Medicine and Exercise Physiology: A Vital Link

588

(2)

Training and Certification by Professional Organizations

590

(3)

Exercise Programs for Special Populations

593

(1)

Oncology

593

(2)

Cardiovascular Diseases

595

(3)

Cardiac Disease Assessment

598

(7)

Stress Test Protocols

605

(1)

Maximal Treadmill, Cycle Ergometer, and Swimming Tests

606

(1)

Safety of Stress Testing

607

(3)

Exercise-Induced Indicators of CHD

610

(1)

Invasive Physiologic Tests

611

(1)

Patient Classification for Cardiac Rehabilitation

611

(1)

Phases of Cardiac Rehabilitation

612

(1)

Exercise Prescription

612

(2)

The Rehabilitation Program

614

(2)

Cardiac Medications

616

(1)

Pulmonary Diseases

616

(8)

Pulmonary Assessments

624

(1)

Pulmonary Rehabilitation and Exercise Prescription

625

(1)

Pulmonary Medications

626

(2)

Thought Questions

628

(1)

Selected References

628

(4)

Appendices

A. Reliable Information Resources and Exercise Physiology

632

(3)

B. The Internet and Exercise Physiology

635

(10)

C. The Metric System and Conversion Constants in Exercise Physiology

645

(3)

D. Metabolic Computations in Open-Circuit Spirometry

648

(5)

E. Frequently Cited Journals in Exercise Physiology

653

(1)

F. Evaluation of Body Composition---Girth Method

654

(7)

G. Evaluation of Body Composition---Skinfold Method

661

(2)

Index

663

Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

Essentials of Exercise Physiology

Essentials of Exercise Physiology

9780683305074

0683305077

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Write a Review

Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

Essentials of Exercise Physiology

Essentials of Exercise Physiology

9780683305074

0683305077

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Write a Review

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