Preface for Instructors                      

Introduction   

How We Research, and Why    

Entering the Academic Conversation     

From Observation to Participation          

Starting the Academic Writing Process Now      

Making Decisions         

Parts of Entering the Academic Conversation    

Part 1             The Academic Conversation

Chapter 1        Seeing the Academic Conversation  

Choosing Your Own Path         

Defamiliarizing Ideas    

Building Academic Literacy      

Form or Content? Escaping the Report Paradigm                       

Increasing Responsibility for Knowledge

Writing to Seek “More Interesting Problems”     

“Less Efficiency, More Mystery”          

Considering Interdisciplinary Issues       

Chapter 2        Building a Knowledge Base and Reading for Informative Purposes           

Reading to Build Knowledge     

Answering and Developing Questions    

Building on Information             

Thinking Skeptically      

Starting with Facts        

Finding Motivation        

Chapter 3        Integrating Academic Reading and Writing 

Writing as a Process: More Conversation, Less Isolation             

Essential Features of the Writing Process          

Adding Sources in the Research Writing Process                       

Reading in the Conversation      

Reading through Multiple Layers           

The Reading and Writing Process at Work         

Active Reading at Work                       

Using Margins to Annotate Texts          

Developing Annotations with a Reading Log      

Tracking Subject, Organization, and Purpose in Texts     

Defining Unfamiliar Terms        

Recording Significant Passages             

Actively Integrating Academic Reading and Writing       

Retracing the Author’s Steps: Notes and Bibliography    

Chapter 4        Beginning the Research Process

Writing and Reflection: Finding a Subject Area and Creating a Research Question           

Connecting Personal and Academic Goals         

Positioning Your Topic and Question on a Scale of Abstraction   

“A Rose by Any Other Name…”: Adding Hierarchical Order and Describing Relationships         

The Scale of Abstraction outside Science           

Finding Broader Contexts for Local Issues         

Anticipating Your Research Purpose     

Developing a Research Question: A Case Study             

Making a Tentative Research Plan        

Chapter 5        Locating and Evaluating Sources      

Researching Large Holdings     

Using Subject Headings            

Doing Research Online             

Distinguishing Types and Purposes of Materials                         

Peer Review–the Standard of Academic Credibility      

The Peer Review Process in Government and Business  

Doing Research with Online Databases–the Basics      

Expanding and Limiting Terms with Boolean Operators  

Specifying with Quotation Marks           

Academic Search Premier Case Study 

Reading the Academic Search Premier Title Screen      

Hypertext Features in Online Databases            

Additional Database Features: Limiters              

Getting Articles and Other Sources: Online, Library Stacks, and Interlibrary Loan                                    

Moving Beyond Online Access             

Narrowing and Refining Searches–a Case Study          

Finding the Database That’s Right for Your Research Field and Question            

Chapter 6        Incorporating Source Material into Your Writing                

Using Source Material Purposefully       

Signaling Purpose         

Using Quotations          

Summarizing and Paraphrasing              

When Do I Use a Summary, Paraphrase, or Quotation in My Research Writing? 

Considering the Role of the Source Material       

Summarizing and Paraphrasing with Purpose      

Embedding Source Material in Your Point and Purpose: The Hourglass Approach                        

Adding Citations to Source Material: Page Numbers and Beyond            

Quotes within Quotes: A Special (and Tricky) Case        

Avoiding Plagiarism      

Chapter 7        Using and Writing Bibliographies     

More than Surveillance             

Prompting Further Research     

Maintaining a Working Bibliography       

Basic Bibliographic Techniques             

Locating Source Information for Bibliography Entries     

Parenthetical Citation Systems–MLA and APA                       

Works Cited and References Lists        

Footnote/Endnote Systems–Chicago and CSE  

Documenting Electronic Sources and Online Databases  

Using Explanatory Notes          

Part 2             Research Writing Projects

Chapter 8        Explaining Academic Terms and Concepts  

Acquiring Specialized Knowledge through Definition       

Identifying the Conversation through Definition               

Understanding Specialized Definitions                

Writing Assignment  

Drafting           

Revising and Editing     

Multidimensional Definition: Formal Peer Review           

Writing Samples           

Chapter 9        Summary and Critical Engagement

A “Door to Critical Literacy”    

Writing Assignment

Summarizing–the Core of Academic Writing    

Critical Engagement: Occupying a Position of Authority                          

Creating a Reading Log           

Reading With and Against the Grain      

The Pressure of Assumptions: a Case Study                  

Drafting and Revising Your Critical Engagement Essay      

Critical Engagement: Formal Peer Review         

Writing Samples           

Chapter 10      Research Proposal and Annotated Bibliography      

Forecasting and Planning the Project     

Proposals inside and outside the Academic World           

What You Plan to Do–and What You Plan Not to Do   

Budgeting Time            

Where Are You Now?             

Using Your Sources’ Bibliographies to Find More Material         

The Proposal: From Reflection to Forecasting    

Writing Assignment  

The Three-Paragraph Proposal             

Essential Proposal Elements      

Writing Annotations                  

Connecting the Strategies          

Proposal/Annotated Bibliography: Formal Peer Review   

Writing Samples           

Chapter 11      The Exploratory Research Essay: En Route to a Thesis      

Writing Assignment  

“Hosting” Your Sources                       

Building on Core Skills              

Drafting and Revising the Exploratory Research Essay      

Introduction      

Organization–Who’s on First?             

Testing Structure: a Case Study             

Narrating Process–Emphasizing Your Voice    

Generating New Details: A Brief Introduction to Field Research Strategies          

Making Informed and Relevant Use of Field Research Techniques          

Analyzing Your Data                

Human Subject Protocols/Institutional Review Board at Your Campus     

Exploratory Research Essay: Formal Peer Review         

Writing Samples           

Chapter 12      The Formal Research Essay 

Writing Assignment

Anchoring Your Paper with a Thesis Statement             

What Is a Strong Thesis?          

Embedding the Thesis Statement in Purpose and Organization                 

Thesis First?    

Delaying the Thesis      

Forecasting Argument and Organization             

Outlining          

The Evolving Outline    

Organizational Strategies           

Trying on a New Voice            

Integrating General Audience and Scholarly Sources      

Moving from Analysis to Synthesis        

Anticipating and Addressing Counterarguments              

Drafting and Revising the Formal Research Essay  

Writing the Introduction            

Writing Transitions between Major Parts           

Writing the Conclusion  

Revising           

Formal Research Essay: Formal Peer Review    

Writing Samples           

Part 3

Chapter 13      Research Dossier: Readings on Surveillance          

Darryl McAllister, “Law Enforcement Turns to Face-Recognition Technology”

John Gunders, “‘Here’s Lookin’ at You’: Video Surveillance and the Interpellated Body”

Nancy Nisbet, “Resisting Surveillance: Identity and Implantable Microchips”

Annabelle James and Chris Taylor, “Video Games: Some Pitfalls of Video Evidence”

Nicholas B. King, “The Influence of Anxiety: September 11, Bioterrorism, and American Public Health”

Gary T. Marx, “What’s New about the “New Surveillance”?: Classifying for Change and Continuity”

Part 4

Chapter 14      Design and Editing   

Formatting                   

Offset Quotations         

Elements of Argument              

Developing Rogerian Arguments           

Purpose                       

Organization     

Integrating Visual Elements into an Argument    

Ensuring Clarity: Paragraphs and Sentences       

Tense              

Voice              

Style                

Subject-Verb Agreement          

Punctuation      

Spelling: Homophones and Idioms          

Capitalization                

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