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Energy (2nd)

ISBN: 9780030058684 | 0030058686
Edition: 2nd
Format: Paperback
Publisher: Brooks Cole
Pub. Date: 1/2/1996

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Table of Contents
Introduction
1(31)
Energy: An Initial Definition
1(2)
Energy Use and the Environment
... MORE3(3)
Our Earth---Then and Now
3(3)
Energy Use Patterns
6(7)
Energy Resources
13(1)
Exponential Growth and Resource Depletion
14(5)
Energy Use in China
15(4)
Oil: A Critical Resource
19(3)
Energy Conservation
22(3)
Economic and Environmental Considerations
25(2)
The Rio Earth Summit
27(1)
Future Scenarios
27(5)
Questions
30(2)
Energy Mechanics
32(40)
Introduction
32(1)
Forms of Energy
33(5)
Motion
38(6)
Energy Losses in a Car
42(2)
Energy and Work
44(2)
Examples of Work and Energy
46(2)
Power
48(7)
Energy Use in India
50(3)
Small-Scale Hydroelectric Systems
53(2)
Summary
55(17)
Questions and Activities
56(6)
Newton's Laws of Motion
62(10)
Conservation of Energy
72(18)
Introduction
72(1)
Conservation of Energy Principle
73(2)
Energy Conversion Examples
75(3)
Energy Conversion Efficiencies
78(2)
Energy Use in Developing Countries
80(2)
A Barrel, A Calorie, A Btu?! Energy Equivalencies
82(4)
Sustainable Development
83(3)
Summary
86(4)
Questions and Activities
87(3)
Heat and Work
90(31)
Introduction
90(1)
Heat and Work and the First Law of Thermodynamics
91(2)
Temperature and Heat
93(5)
Heat Transfer Principles
98(9)
Heat Engines
107(3)
The Second Law of Thermodynamics
110(11)
Summary
116(1)
Questions and Activities
117(4)
Home Energy Conservation and Heat-Transfer Control
121(29)
Introduction
121(1)
Building Materials
122(2)
House Insulation and Heating Calculations
124(10)
Site Selection
134(1)
Impact of Energy Conservation Measures
135(1)
Cooling
136(2)
Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps
138(6)
Summary
144(6)
Questions and Activities
146(4)
Solar Energy: Characteristics and Heating
150(50)
Introduction
150(3)
Characteristics of Incident Solar Radiation
153(6)
History of Solar Heating
159(6)
Early 20th--Century Egyptian Solar Power Plant
162(3)
Overview of Solar Heating Today
165(2)
Solar Domestic Hot Water
167(8)
Solar Water Heater Performance
174(1)
Passive Solar Space Heating Systems
175(5)
Solar Space Heating: Active Systems
180(6)
Solar Cooling
186(2)
Impact and Economics of Solar Heating
188(3)
Summary
191(9)
Questions and Activities
193(7)
Energy from Fossil Fuels
200(38)
Introduction
200(1)
Resource Terminology
201(3)
Oil
204(11)
Pipeline Politics in the Former Soviet Union
205(8)
Oil from Alaska: Past, Present, and Future Dilemmas
213(2)
Oil Spills
215(1)
Natural Gas
215(4)
Coal: An Expanding Role
219(6)
Future Sources of Oil
225(3)
Summary
228(10)
Questions
230(1)
Physics of Oil and Gas Exploration
231(7)
Air Pollution and Energy Use
238(45)
Introduction
238(3)
Eastern Europe and the Environment
239(2)
Properties and Motion of the Atmosphere
241(6)
Air Pollutants and their Sources
247(15)
Air Pollution and the Third World
252(10)
Air Quality Standards
262(6)
The 1990 Clean Air Act
267(1)
Automobile Emission Control Devices
268(3)
Mass Transit
270(1)
Stationary Source Air Pollution Control Systems
271(6)
Summary
277(6)
Questions and Activities
279(4)
Global Warming and Waste Heat
283(31)
Introduction
283(1)
Global Warming and the Greenhouse Effect
284(11)
Carbon Taxes?
294(1)
Ozone Depletion
295(4)
Thermal Pollution
299(3)
Ecological Effects of Thermal Pollution
302(4)
Cooling Towers and Ponds
306(2)
Using Waste Heat
308(2)
Summary
310(4)
Questions
312(2)
Electricity: Circuits and Superconductors
314(37)
Introduction to ``Electrification''
314(3)
Electrical Charges and Currents
317(4)
Batteries and Electric Vehicles
321(5)
Common Batteries
322(3)
Jump--Starting EVs
325(1)
Ohm's Law
326(2)
Superconductivity
328(3)
Elementary Circuits
331(1)
Electrical Power
332(2)
Pricing Electrical Energy Use
334(7)
Edison Mazda Lamps, Circa 1925
335(3)
Demand--Side Management
338(3)
Fuel Cells
341(1)
Summary
342(9)
Questions and Activities
343(4)
Electrostatics
347(4)
Electromagnetism and the Generation of Electricity
351(30)
Magnetism
352(6)
The Generation of Electricity
358(3)
Transmission of Electrical Energy
361(8)
Standard Steam--Electric Generating Plant Cycle
369(3)
Co-Generation
372(5)
Summary
377(4)
Questions and Activities
378(3)
Electricity from Solar Energy
381(28)
Introduction
381(3)
Solar Cell Principles
384(3)
PV Car---``The Sunraycer''
386(1)
Cell Manufacturer
387(2)
Photovoltaic Systems and Economics
389(4)
Pumping Water
392(1)
Wind Energy
393(9)
Solar Thermal Electric Facilities
402(2)
Summary
404(5)
Questions
406(3)
The Building Blocks of Matter: The Atom and Its Nucleus
409(24)
The Atomic Hypothesis
410(1)
Building Blocks of the Atom
411(4)
Energy Levels
415(2)
Nuclear Structure
417(1)
Radioactivity
418(4)
Nuclear Glue, or Binding Energy
422(2)
The Joy of Atom-Smashing, or Nuclear Reactions
424(3)
Radon
426(1)
Fission
427(1)
Summary
428(5)
Questions
429(2)
The Periodic Table
431(2)
Nuclear Power: Fission
433(49)
Introduction
433(4)
Fission Reaction Cross-Sections
437(1)
Chain Reactions
438(2)
Assembling a Nuclear Reactor
440(4)
Types of Light Water Reactors
444(1)
Alternate Reactor Designs
445(2)
The Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Radioactive Wastes
447(13)
Japan and Plutonium
450(9)
Monuments for the Future
459(1)
Radioactive Releases and Nuclear Safety
460(8)
Probabilistic Risk Assessment and Nuclear Safety
468(4)
Inherently Safe Reactors
472(2)
Nuclear Proliferation
474(1)
Post Cold-War Proliferation
475(1)
Environmental and Economic Summary of Nuclear Power
475(3)
Summary
478(4)
Questions and Activities
480(2)
Effects and Uses of Radiation
482(25)
Introduction
482(1)
Radiation Dose
483(1)
Biological Effects of Radiation
484(5)
America's Nuclear Secrets---``Was it Justified?''
488(1)
Background Radiation, Including Radon
489(5)
Radiation Standards
494(1)
Medical and Industrial Uses of Radiation
495(3)
Radiation Protection
498(1)
Summary
499(8)
Questions
501(3)
Radiation Detection Instruments
504(3)
Future Nuclear Alternatives: Fusion and Breeder Reactors
507(18)
Potential for Fusion Power
507(1)
Energy from the Stars: The Fusion Process
508(1)
Conditions for Fusion
509(1)
Magnetic Confinement Fusion Reactors
510(3)
Laser-Induced Fusion
513(3)
Cold Fusion
516(2)
The Outlook for Fusion
518(1)
Breeder Reactors: Introduction
519(1)
Physical Principles of Breeder Reactors
519(2)
Breeder Reactor Design
521(1)
The Plutonium Economy
522(1)
Summary
522(3)
Questions
524(1)
Biomass: From Plants to Garbage
525(30)
Introduction
525(2)
Municipal Solid Waste
527(7)
Biomass Conversion
534(6)
Ethanol Production in Zimbabwe
539(1)
Wood Combustion
540(8)
Energy Plantations
548(1)
Food, Fuel, Famine
549(3)
Summary
552(3)
Questions and Activities
553(2)
Tapping the Earth's Heat: Geothermal Energy
555(13)
Introduction
555(1)
Origin and Nature of Geothermal Energy
556(3)
Hydrothermal Systems
559(3)
Geothermal Exploration and Resources
562(2)
Other Geothermal Resources
564(1)
Environmental Impacts
565(1)
Summary
566(2)
Questions
567(1)
A National and Personal Commitment
568
AppendixesA.1
GlossaryG.1
Index

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