The empirical case study research literature on Chinese management is meagre. This rapidly changing market environment requires more research to provide an understanding of empirical processes of management practice and the business landscape in which they operate. This book adopts a holistic view to assess the impact of market socialism upon evolving economic enterprises and their ownership forms, which laid an emphasis on the effects of market socialist policies in shaping contrasting management patterns and behaviours in China between 2005-2010. The book provides a comparative perspective on organizational development and management systems by focusing on three key emerging issues associated with the development of economic enterprise and market socialism in China: the emergence of different types of business venture; their contrasting management processes and patterns; and the impact of the political and institutional environment. Based on longitudinal case study research between 2005 and 2010, the book explores the distinctive characteristics of emerging forms of economic enterprise under market socialism in China and identifies how rapid environmental and institutional changes in economic reforms are impacting upon their practice; particularly the role of government policy in shaping their ownership and management processes. Some general patterns in the development of business ventures are identified to outline the dynamics of industrial and organizational change under the transitional phases of a market socialist economy.