Rent 9780131593626 | Emergency Care | Limmer, Daniel J.; O'Keefe, Michael F.; Grant, Harvey T.; Murray, Bob; Bergeron, J. David; Dickinson, Ed @knetbooks.com

Summary Table of Contents

"Emergency Care, 10/E" has prepared more students to pass state and/or the National Registry Exam than any other text on the market with well-organized, clearly presented content, thorough coverage of patient assessment, an accessible reading level, high quality artwork, and outstanding skill scans of equipment and procedures. Case studies and practical tips from the field tie chapter concepts to real world applications. Each chapter sends students to the Companion Website where there are links to EMS-related sites. A new in-text CD provides ex... MORE

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Preparatory
Introduction to Emergency Medical Care	p. 4
The Emergency Medical Services System	p. 6
How It Began	p. 6
EMS Today	p. 7
Components of the EMS System	p. 8
Accessing the EMS System	p. 9
Levels of EMS Training	p. 10
Roles and Responsibilities of the EMT-B	p. 10
Traits of a Good EMT-B	p. 11
Where Will You Become a Provider?	p. 13
National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians	p. 14
Quality Improvement	p. 14
Medical Direction	p. 15
Special Issues	p. 16
Chapter Review	p. 17
Street Scenes	p. 18
The Well-Being of the EMT-Basic	p. 20
Personal Protection	p. 22
Body Substance Isolation (BSI) Precautions	p. 22
Personal Protective Equipment	p. 23
FYI: Diseases of Concern	p. 25
Immunizations	p. 30
Emotion and Stress	p. 30
Physiologic Aspects of Stress	p. 30
Types of Stress Reactions	p. 31
Causes of Stress	p. 33
Signs and Symptoms of Stress	p. 33
Dealing with Stress	p. 33
Scene Safety	p. 35
Hazardous Materials Incidents	p. 35
Rescue Operations	p. 37
Violence	p. 37
Chapter Review	p. 41
Street Scenes	p. 42
Medical/Legal and Ethical Issues	p. 43
Scope of Practice	p. 45
Patient Consent and Refusal	p. 45
Consent	p. 45
When a Patient Refuses Care	p. 46
Do Not Resuscitate Orders	p. 49
Other Legal Aspects	p. 50
Negligence	p. 50
Duty to Act	p. 51
Good Samaritan Laws	p. 51
Confidentiality	p. 51
Special Situations	p. 52
Crime Scenes	p. 53
Special Crimes and Reporting	p. 55
Chapter Review	p. 56
Street Scenes	p. 57
The Human Body	p. 59
Anatomical Terms	p. 61
Directional Terms	p. 61
Positional Terms	p. 63
Body Systems	p. 65
Musculoskeletal System	p. 65
Respiratory System	p. 69
Cardiovascular System	p. 71
Nervous System	p. 76
Digestive System	p. 78
Skin	p. 79
Endocrine System	p. 80
FYI: Locating Body Organs and Structures	p. 81
Chapter Review	p. 93
Street Scenes	p. 97
Lifting and Moving Patients	p. 99
Protecting Yourself: Body Mechanics	p. 101
Protecting Your Patient: Emergency, Urgent, and Non-Urgent Moves	p. 103
Emergency Moves	p. 103
Urgent Moves	p. 106
Non-Urgent Moves	p. 107
Chapter Review	p. 121
Street Scenes	p. 122
Airway
Airway Management	p. 126
Respiration	p. 128
Adequate and Inadequate Breathing	p. 129
Opening the Airway	p. 133
Head-Tilt, Chin-Lift Maneuver	p. 135
Jaw-Thrust Maneuver	p. 136
Techniques of Artificial Ventilation	p. 137
Mouth-to-Mask Ventilation	p. 138
Bag-Valve Mask	p. 140
Flow-Restricted, Oxygen-Powered Ventilation Device	p. 144
Airway Adjuncts	p. 144
Rules for Using Airway Adjuncts	p. 146
Oropharyngeal Airways	p. 146
Nasopharyngeal Airways	p. 147
Suctioning	p. 151
Suctioning Devices	p. 151
Techniques of Suctioning	p. 153
Oxygen Therapy	p. 155
Importance of Supplemental Oxygen	p. 155
Oxygen Therapy Equipment	p. 156
Hazards of Oxygen Therapy	p. 160
Administering Oxygen	p. 161
Special Considerations	p. 168
Chapter Review	p. 170
Street Scenes	p. 172
Patient Assessment
Scene Size-up	p. 176
Scene Size-up	p. 178
Scene Safety	p. 178
Nature of the Call	p. 184
Number of Patients and Adequacy of Resources	p. 191
Chapter Review	p. 192
Street Scenes	p. 193
The Initial Assessment	p. 194
The Initial Assessment	p. 196
Form a General Impression	p. 196
Cultural Considerations	p. 197
Assess Mental Status	p. 200
Assess the ABCs	p. 200
Determine Priority	p. 201
Patient Characteristics and Initial Assessment	p. 203
Comparing the Initial Assessments	p. 206
Chapter Review	p. 208
Street Scenes	p. 209
Vital Signs and Sample History	p. 210
Gathering the Vital Signs and History	p. 212
Vital Signs	p. 212
Pulse	p. 213
Respiration	p. 215
Skin	p. 216
Pupils	p. 218
Blood Pressure	p. 218
Oxygen Saturation	p. 222
Sample History	p. 224
Cultural Considerations	p. 224
Chapter Review	p. 226
Street Scenes	p. 229
Assessment of the Trauma Patient	p. 230
Focused History and Physical Exam for the Trauma Patient	p. 232
Trauma Patient with No Significant Mechanism of Injury	p. 233
Applying a Cervical Collar	p. 236
Trauma Patient with a Significant Mechanism of Injury	p. 237
Cultural Considerations	p. 247
Some General Principles	p. 253
Detailed Physical Exam	p. 254
Trauma Patient with a Significant Mechanism of Injury	p. 254
Trauma Patient with No Significant Mechanism of Injury	p. 261
Comparing Assessments	p. 261
Chapter Review	p. 266
Street Scenes	p. 268
Assessment of the Medical Patient	p. 269
Focused History and Physical Exam for a Medical Patient	p. 271
Responsive Medical Patient	p. 271
Unresponsive Medical Patient	p. 277
Comparing Assessments	p. 280
Chapter Review	p. 284
Street Scenes	p. 285
Ongoing Assessment	p. 2868
Ongoing Assessment	p. 288
Components of the Ongoing Assessment	p. 289
Observing Trends	p. 290
Ongoing Assessment for Stable and Unstable Patients	p. 291
Comparing Assessments	p. 291
Chapter Review	p. 294
Street Scenes	p. 294
Communications	p. 296
Communications Systems and Radio Communication	p. 298
Communications Systems	p. 298
Radio Communication	p. 299
The Verbal Report	p. 303
Interpersonal Communication	p. 303
Chapter Review	p. 306
Street Scenes	p. 307
Documentation	p. 308
Prehospital Care Report	p. 310
Functions of the Prehospital Care Report	p. 310
Elements of the Prehospital Care Report	p. 314
Cultural Considerations	p. 317
Special Documentation Issues	p. 318
Legal Issues	p. 318
Special Situations	p. 322
Chapter Review	p. 326
Street Scenes	p. 327
Medical Emergencies
General Pharmacology	p. 330
Medications EMT-Basics Can Administer	p. 332
Medications on the Ambulance	p. 332
Prescribed Medications	p. 333
General Information About Medications	p. 335
Drug Names	p. 335
What You Need to Know When Giving a Medication	p. 336
FYI: Medications Patients Often Take	p. 337
Chapter Review	p. 339
Street Scenes	p. 340
Respiratory Emergencies	p. 342
Respiration	p. 344
Respiratory Anatomy and Physiology	p. 344
Adequate Breathing	p. 345
Inadequate Breathing	p. 345
Adequate and Inadequate Artificial Ventilation	p. 348
Breathing Difficulty	p. 349
FYI: Respiratory Assessment and Conditions	p. 351
The Prescribed Inhaler	p. 354
FYI: Small-Volume Nebulizer	p. 356
Chapter Review	p. 360
Street Scenes	p. 361
Cultural Considerations	p. 363
Cardiac Emergencies	p. 364
Cardiac Anatomy and Physiology	p. 367
Cardiac Compromise	p. 367
Cultural Considerations	p. 369
Management of Cardiac Compromise	p. 369
FYI: Causes of Cardiac Compromise	p. 375
Cardiac Arrest	p. 378
Chain of Survival	p. 378
FYI: Controlled Hypothermia	p. 381
Management of Cardiac Arrest	p. 381
Automated External Defibrillator (AED)	p. 381
Special Considerations for AED Use	p. 391
FYI: Implants and Surgeries	p. 395
Chapter Review	p. 401
Street Scenes	p. 402
Acute Abdominal Emergencies	p. 405
Abdominal Anatomy and Physiology	p. 406
Abdominal Pain and Distress	p. 408
Assessment and Care of Abdominal Distress	p. 408
Cultural Considerations	p. 411
General Abdominal Distress	p. 415
FYI: Abdominal Conditions	p. 415
Chapter Review	p. 417
Street Scenes	p. 418
Diabetic Emergencies and Altered Mental Status	p. 420
Diabetes	p. 422
Diabetic Emergencies	p. 422
Blood Glucose Meters	p. 425
Cultural Considerations	p. 426
FYI: Additional Information on Diabetes	p. 429
Other Causes of Altered Mental Status	p. 430
Seizure Disorders	p. 430
FYI: Types of Seizures	p. 432
Stroke	p. 433
Dizziness and Syncope	p. 436
Chapter Review	p. 440
Street Scenes	p. 441
Allergic Reactions	p. 443
Allergic Reactions	p. 445
Distinguishing Anaphylaxis from Mild Allergic Reaction	p. 447
Self-Administered Epinephrine	p. 451
Chapter Review	p. 454
Street Scenes	p. 455
Poisoning and Overdose Emergencies	p. 457
Poisoning	p. 459
Ingested Poisons	p. 460
FYI: Food Poisoning	p. 461
FYI: Antidotes	p. 464
Inhaled Poisons	p. 465
FYI: Smoke Inhalation	p. 468
Absorbed Poisons	p. 468
Injected Poisons	p. 469
Alcohol and Substance Abuse	p. 469
Alcohol Abuse	p. 469
FYI: Poison Control Centers	p. 471
Substance Abuse	p. 473
Chapter Review	p. 478
Street Scenes	p. 479
Environmental Emergencies	p. 481
Exposure to Cold	p. 483
How the Body Loses Heat	p. 483
Generalized Hypothermia	p. 484
Localized Cold Injuries	p. 488
Exposure to Heat	p. 490
Effects of Heat on the Body	p. 490
Patient with Moist, Pale, Normal-to-Cool Skin	p. 491
Patient with Hot, Dry or Moist Skin	p. 492
Water-Related Emergencies	p. 493
Water-Related Accidents	p. 493
Drowning and Near-Drowning	p. 494
Diving Accidents	p. 498
FYI: Scuba Diving Accidents	p. 498
FYI: Water Rescues; Ice Rescues	p. 500
Bites and Stings	p. 500
Insect Bites and Stings	p. 500
Snakebites	p. 503
Poisoning from Marine Life	p. 505
Chapter Review	p. 507
Street Scenes	p. 508
Behavioral Emergencies	p. 510
Behavioral Emergencies	p. 512
What Is a Behavioral Emergency?	p. 512
Physical Causes of Altered Behavior	p. 512
Situational Stress Reactions	p. 513
Emergency Care for Behavioral Emergencies	p. 514
Psychiatric Emergencies	p. 514
Suicide	p. 515
Aggressive or Hostile Patients	p. 517
Reasonable Force and Restraint	p. 517
Transport to an Appropriate Facility	p. 518
Medical/Legal Considerations	p. 520
Chapter Review	p. 521
Street Scenes	p. 522
Obstetrics and Gynecological Emergencies	p. 524
Anatomy and Physiology of Childbirth	p. 526
Pregnancy and Delivery	p. 526
Labor	p. 527
Labor Pains	p. 528
Normal Childbirth	p. 529
Role of the EMT-Basic	p. 529
Normal Delivery	p. 530
Cultural Considerations	p. 535
The Newborn	p. 535
Assessing the Newborn	p. 535
Caring for the Mother	p. 538
Childbirth Complications	p. 540
Complications of Delivery	p. 540
Emergencies in Pregnancy	p. 545
FYI: Childbirth and Death; Stillbirths; Accidental Death of a Pregnant Woman	p. 549
Gynecological Emergencies	p. 549
Chapter Review	p. 551
Street Scenes	p. 553
Putting It All Together for the Medical Patient	p. 555
Multiple Medical Complaints	p. 556
Managing the Patient with Multiple Medical Complaints	p. 556
Typical Calls	p. 556
Cultural Consisderations	p. 557
Analysis of the Calls	p. 560
Patient Conditions Not Covered in the EMT-B Course	p. 560
Chapter Review	p. 562
Street Scenes	p. 562
Trauma
Bleeding and Shock	p. 566
Circulatory System	p. 568
Main Components	p. 568
FYI: Functions of the Blood	p. 569
Bleeding	p. 569
External Bleeding	p. 569
Internal Bleeding	p. 578
Shock (Hypoperfusion)	p. 580
Causes of Shock	p. 580
FYI: Types of Shock	p. 581
Severity of Shock	p. 581
Cultural Considerations	p. 582
Emergency Care	p. 583
Chapter Review	p. 588
Street Scenes	p. 589
Soft-Tissue Injuries	p. 591
Soft Tissues	p. 593
Closed Wounds	p. 594
Types of Closed Wounds	p. 594
Open Wounds	p. 596
Types of Open Wounds	p. 596
Emergency Care for Open Wounds	p. 600
Treating Specific Types of Open Wounds	p. 601
Treating Abrasions and Lacerations	p. 601
Treating Puncture Wounds	p. 601
Treating Impaled Objects	p. 602
Treating Avulsions	p. 605
Treating Amputations	p. 605
Wounds to the Neck	p. 605
Chest Injuries	p. 606
FYI: Chest Injury Complications	p. 610
Abdominal Injuries	p. 611
Burns	p. 613
Classifying Burns by Agent and Source	p. 613
Classifying Burns by Depth	p. 615
Determining the Severity of Burns	p. 616
Classifying Burns by Severity	p. 618
Treating Specific Types of Burns and Electrical Injuries	p. 619
Electrical Injuries	p. 622
FYI: Specific Chemical Burns	p. 623
Dressing and Bandaging	p. 625
Chapter Review	p. 629
Street Scenes	p. 631
Musculoskeletal Injuries	p. 633
Musculoskeletal System	p. 635
Anatomy of Bone	p. 636
Self-Healing Nature of Bone	p. 638
Muscles, Cartilage, Ligaments, and Tendons	p. 639
General Guidelines for Emergency Care	p. 640
Mechanisms of Musculoskeletal Injury	p. 640
Painful, Swollen, or Deformed Extremity	p. 640
Assessment of Musculoskeletal Injuries	p. 643
Splinting	p. 644
Emergency Care of Specific Injuries	p. 652
Upper Extremity Injuries	p. 653
Lower Extremity Injuries	p. 653
Chapter Review	p. 679
Street Scenes	p. 680
Injuries to the Head and Spine	p. 682
Nervous and Skeletal Systems	p. 684
Nervous System	p. 684
Anatomy of the Head	p. 685
Anatomy of the Spine	p. 686
Injuries to the Skull and Brain	p. 686
Scalp Injuries	p. 686
Skull Injuries	p. 686
Brain Injuries	p. 687
FYI: Types of Brain Injuries	p. 688
FYI: Glasgow Coma Scale	p. 690
Cranial Injuries with Impaled Objects	p. 692
Injuries to the Face and Jaw	p. 692
Nontraumatic Brain Injuries	p. 693
Injuries to the Spine	p. 693
Mechanisms of Injury	p. 693
Immobilization Issues	p. 698
Tips for Applying a Cervical Collar	p. 698
Tips for Immobilizing a Seated Patient	p. 698
Tips for Applying a Long Backboard	p. 703
Tips for Dealing with a Standing Patient	p. 708
Patient Found Wearing a Helmet	p. 712
FYI: Selective Spine Immobilization	p. 718
Chapter Review	p. 720
Street Scenes	p. 721
Putting It All Together for the Trauma Patient	p. 723
Multiple Trauma	p. 724
Cultural Considerations	p. 724
Managing the Multiple-Trauma Patient	p. 725
A Typical Call	p. 725
Analysis of the Call	p. 727
General Principles of Multiple-Trauma Management	p. 728
FYI: Trauma Scoring	p. 729
Chapter Review	p. 731
Street Scenes	p. 731
Younger and Older Patients
Infants and Children	p. 736
Developmental Characteristics of Infants and Children	p. 738
Psychological and Personality Characteristics	p. 741
Anatomical and Physiological Differences	p. 741
Interacting with the Pediatric Patient	p. 743
The Adolescent Patient	p. 744
Supporting the Parents or Other Care Providers	p. 745
Assessing the Pediatric Patient	p. 746
Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT)	p. 746
Scene Size-up and Safety-Pediatric	p. 747
Initial Assessment-Pediatric	p. 747
Focused History and Physical Exam-Pediatric	p. 749
Detailed Physical Exam-Pediatric	p. 750
Ongoing Assessment-Pediatric	p. 755
Comparing Assessments	p. 755
Special Concerns in Pediatric Care	p. 757
Maintaining an Open Airway	p. 757
Clearing an Airway Obstruction	p. 759
Infant and Child BCLS Review	p. 762
Providing Supplemental Oxygen and Ventilations	p. 762
Caring for Shock (Hypoperfusion)	p. 764
Protecting Against Hypothermia	p. 765
Medical Emergencies	p. 766
Respiratory Disorders	p. 766
Respiratory Distress	p. 766
FYI: Respiratory Diseases	p. 767
FYI: Meningitis	p. 769
Fever	p. 770
Diarrhea and Vomiting	p. 771
Seizures	p. 771
Altered Mental Status	p. 772
Poisoning	p. 773
Near-Drowning	p. 773
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome	p. 774
Trauma	p. 775
Injury Patterns	p. 775
Pneumatic Anti-Shock Garments	p. 777
Burns	p. 777
Child Abuse and Neglect	p. 778
Physical and Sexual Abuse	p. 778
Role of the EMT-B in Cases of Suspected Abuse or Neglect	p. 781
Cultural Considerations	p. 781
Infants and Children with Special Needs	p. 782
Tracheostomy Tubes	p. 782
Home Artificial Ventilators	p. 783
Central Intravenous Lines	p. 783
Gastrostomy Tubes and Gastric Feeding	p. 783
Shunts	p. 784
The EMT-B and Pediatric Emergencies	p. 784
Chapter Review	p. 785
Street Scenes	p. 786
Geriatric Patients	p. 788
The Geriatric Patient	p. 789
Communicating with the Geriatric Patient	p. 790
Assessing the Geriatric Patient	p. 791
Cultural Considerations	p. 792
Reasons the Elderly Encounter EMS	p. 795
Chapter Review	p. 800
Street Scenes	p. 800
Operations
Ambulance Operations	p. 804
Preparing for the Ambulance Call	p. 806
Ambulance Supplies and Equipment	p. 807
Ensuring Ambulance Readiness for Service	p. 811
Receiving and Responding to a Call	p. 814
Role of the Emergency Medical Dispatcher	p. 814
Operating the Ambulance	p. 816
Transferring the Patient to the Ambulance	p. 822
Transporting the Patient to the Hospital	p. 823
Preparing the Patient for Transport	p. 823
Caring for the Patient en Route	p. 825
Transferring the Patient to the Emergency Department Staff	p. 826
Terminating the Call	p. 826
At the Hospital	p. 828
En Route to Quarters	p. 830
In Quarters	p. 831
Air Rescue	p. 834
When to Call for Air Rescue	p. 834
How to Call for Air Rescue	p. 835
How to Set Up a Landing Zone	p. 835
How to Approach a Helicopter	p. 836
Chapter Review	p. 837
Street Scenes	p. 838
Gaining Access and Rescue Operations	p. 840
Vehicle Rescue	p. 842
Preparing for the Rescue	p. 842
Sizing Up the Situation	p. 843
Recognizing and Managing Hazards	p. 844
Stabilizing a Vehicle	p. 853
Gaining Access	p. 856
Chapter Review	p. 861
Street Scenes	p. 862
Special Operations	p. 864
Hazardous Materials	p. 866
Training Required by Law	p. 866
Responsibilities of the EMT-B	p. 868
Establish a Treatment Sector	p. 872
Multiple-Casualty Incidents	p. 877
Multiple-Casualty Incident Operations	p. 877
Incident Command System	p. 878
Scene Management	p. 882
Transportation and Staging Logistics	p. 887
FYI: Psychological Aspects of MCIs	p. 890
Chapter Review	p. 891
Street Scenes	p. 892
EMS Response to Terrorism	p. 894
Defining Terrorism	p. 895
Domestic Terrorism	p. 895
International Terrorism	p. 895
Types of Terrorism Incidents	p. 896
Terrorism and EMS	p. 896
First Responders as Targets	p. 896
Identify the Threat Posed by the Event	p. 896
Cultural Considerations	p. 898
Recognize the Harms Posed by the Threat	p. 899
Time/Distance/Shielding	p. 900
Responses to Terrorism	p. 900
Responses to a Chemical Incident	p. 900
Responses to a Biological Incident	p. 901
Responses to a Radiological/Nuclear Incident	p. 903
Responses to an Explosive Incident	p. 904
Dissemination and Weaponization	p. 905
The Respiratory Route	p. 905
Other Routes	p. 905
Weaponization	p. 906
Characteristics of CBRNE Agents	p. 906
Chemical Agents	p. 906
Biological Agents	p. 907
Radioactive/Nuclear Devices	p. 916
Incendiary Devices	p. 917
Strategy and Tactics	p. 917
Isolation	p. 918
Notification	p. 919
Identification	p. 919
Protection	p. 920
Chapter Review	p. 921
Street Scenes	p. 922
Study Guide: Self-Protection in a Terrorist Incident	p. 924
Advanced Airway Management
Advanced Airway Management	p. 928
Anatomy and Physiology	p. 930
Anatomy	p. 930
Physiology	p. 931
Pediatric Airway	p. 932
Management of the Airway	p. 933
Oropharyngeal Suctioning	p. 933
Orotracheal Intubation	p. 933
Nasogastric Intubation of an Infant or Child	p. 948
Orotracheal Suctioning	p. 950
Multilumen Airways	p. 950
Laryngeal Mask Airway	p. 954
Automatic Transport Ventilators	p. 955
Chapter Review	p. 956
Street Scenes	p. 957
ALS-Assist Skills	p. A-1
Assisting with Endotracheal Intubation	p. A-1
Preparing the Patient for Intubation	p. A-1
Ventilating the Tubed Patient	p. A-2
Assisting with a Trauma Intubation	p. A-3
Applying ECG Electrodes	p. A-4
Assisting in IV Therapy	p. A-5
Setting Up an IV Fluid Administration Set	p. A-5
Maintaining an IV	p. A-7
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) and Bi-level Positive Airway Pressure (BiPAP)	p. A-7
Assisting with CPAP Devices	p. A-8
National Registry Skill Sheets	p. A-9
Basic Cardiac Life Support Review	p. A-22
Before Beginning Resuscitation	p. A-22
Assessing the Patient	p. A-22
Activating EMS	p. A-23
Positioning the Patient	p. A-24
Opening the Airway	p. A-24
Initial Ventilations and Pulse Check	p. A-26
Rescue Breathing	p. A-26
Mouth-to-Mask Ventilation	p. A-28
Gastric Distention	p. A-28
Recovery Position	p. A-28
CPR	p. A-28
Checking for Circulation	p. A-28
How to Perform CPR	p. A-29
One-Rescuer and Two-Rescuer CPR	p. A-29
CPR Techniques for Children and Infants	p. A-32
Special Considerations in CPR	p. A-32
When Not to Begin or to Terminate CPR	p. A-34
Clearing Airway Obstructions	p. A-34
Partial Airway Obstruction	p. A-35
Complete Airway Obstruction	p. A-35
Reference Section	p. R-1
Anatomy and Physiology Illustrations	p. R-2
Musculoskeletal System	p. R-2
Nervous System	p. R-4
Cardiovascular System	p. R-6
Circulatory System	p. R-7
Respiratory System	p. R-8
Digestive System	p. R-9
Urinary System	p. R-10
Reproductive System	p. R-11
Integumentary System	p. R-12
Senses	p. R-13
Atlas of Injuries	p. R-14
Medical Terminology	p. R-18
Glossary	p. G-1
Index	p. I-1
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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