Rent 9780073107653 | Elementary Statistics : A Brief Version with MathZone

Summary Table of Contents

Elementary Statistics: A Brief Version, 3rd edition is a shorter version of the popular text Elementary Statistics: A Step by Step Approach, 5th edition. This softcover edition includes all the features of the longer book, but is designed for a course in which the time available limits the number of topics covered. The book is written for general beginning statistics courses with a basic algebra prerequisite. The book use a non-theoretical approach, explaining concepts intuitively and teaching problem solving through worked examples step-by-step.

Preface

xiii

The Nature of Probability and Statistics

(30)

Introduction

(1)

... MORE

Descriptive and Inferential Statistics

(3)

Variables and Types of Data

(2)

Data Collection and Sampling Techniques

(4)

Random Sampling

(1)

Systematic Sampling

(1)

Stratified Sampling

(1)

Cluster Sampling

(1)

Other Sampling Methods

(1)

Observational and Experimental Studies

(3)

Uses and Misuses of Statistics

(2)

Suspect Samples

(1)

Ambiguous Averages

(1)

Changing the Subject

(1)

Detached Statistics

(1)

Implied Connections

(1)

Misleading Graphs

(1)

Faulty Survey Questions

(1)

Computers and Calculators

(6)

Summary

(8)

Frequency Distributions and Graphs

(68)

Introduction

(1)

Organizing Data

(12)

Categorical Frequency Distributions

(1)

Grouped Frequency Distributions

(10)

Histograms, Frequency Polygons, and Ogives

(16)

The Histogram

(1)

The Frequency Polygon

(2)

The Ogive

(2)

Relative Frequency Graphs

(3)

Distribution Shapes

(7)

Other Types of Graphs

(22)

Pareto Charts

(1)

The Time Series Graph

(2)

The Pie Graph

(4)

Misleading Graphs

(3)

Stem and Leaf Plots

(12)

Paired Data and Scatter Plots

(7)

Analyzing the Scatter Plot

(6)

Summary

(9)

Data Description

(72)

Introduction

100

(1)

Measures of Central Tendency

101

(17)

The Mean

102

(3)

The Median

105

(2)

The Mode

107

(2)

The Midrange

109

(1)

The Weighted Mean

110

(2)

Distribution Shapes

112

(6)

Measures of Variation

118

(17)

Range

119

(1)

Population Variance and Standard Deviation

120

(2)

Sample Variance and Standard Deviation

122

(2)

Variance and Standard Deviation for Grouped Data

124

(3)

Coefficient of Variation

127

(1)

Chebyshev's Theorem

128

(2)

The Empirical (Normal) Rule

130

(5)

Measures of Position

135

(19)

Standard Scores

135

(1)

Percentiles

136

(7)

Quartiles and Deciles

143

(1)

Outliers

144

(10)

Exploratory Data Analysis

154

(8)

The Five-Number Summary and Boxplots

154

(8)

Summary

162

(9)

Probability and Counting Rules

171

(58)

Introduction

172

(1)

Sample Spaces and Probability

173

(14)

Basic Concepts

173

(3)

Classical Probability

176

(3)

Complementary Events

179

(1)

Empirical Probability

180

(2)

Law of Large Numbers

182

(1)

Subjective Probability

183

(1)

Probability and Risk Taking

183

(4)

The Addition Rules for Probability

187

(10)

The Multiplication Rules and Conditional Probability

197

(11)

The Multiplication Rules

197

(5)

Conditional Probability

202

(2)

Probabilities for ``At Least''

204

(4)

Counting Rules

208

(10)

The Fundamental Counting Rule

209

(2)

Factorial Notation

211

(1)

Permutations

211

(1)

Combinations

212

(6)

Probability and Counting Rules

218

(4)

Summary

222

(7)

Discrete Probability Distributions

229

(34)

Introduction

230

(1)

Probability Distributions

231

(4)

Mean, Variance, Standard Deviation, and Expectation

235

(10)

Mean

235

(3)

Variance and Standard Deviation

238

(2)

Expectation

240

(5)

The Binomial Distribution

245

(13)

Summary

258

(5)

The Normal Distribution

263

(58)

Introduction

264

(2)

Properties of the Normal Distribution

266

(1)

The Standard Normal Distribution

267

(16)

Finding Areas Under the Standard Normal Distribution Curve

269

(7)

The Normal Distribution Curve as a Probability Distribution Curve

276

(7)

Applications of the Normal Distribution

283

(14)

Finding Data Values Given Specific Probabilities

287

(2)

Determining Normality

289

(8)

The Central Limit Theorem

297

(10)

Distribution of Sample Means

297

(7)

Finite Population Correction Factor (Optional)

304

(3)

The Normal Approximation to the Binomial Distribution

307

(6)

Summary

313

(8)

Confidence Intervals and Sample Size

321

(40)

Introduction

322

(1)

Confidence Intervals for the Mean (σ Known or n ≥ 30) and Sample Size

323

(13)

Confidence Intervals

324

(6)

Sample Size

330

(6)

Confidence Intervals for the Mean (σ Unknown and n < 30)

336

(6)

Confidence Intervals and Sample Size for Proportions

342

(8)

Confidence Intervals

344

(1)

Sample Size for Proportions

345

(5)

Confidence Intervals for Variances and Standard Deviations

350

(5)

Summary

355

(6)

Hypothesis Testing

361

(64)

Introduction

362

(1)

Steps in Hypothesis Testing---Traditional Method

363

(11)

z Test for a Mean

374

(14)

p-Value Method for Hypothesis Testing

379

(9)

t Test for a Mean

388

(9)

z Test for a Proportion

397

(7)

x2 Test for a Variance or Standard Deviation

404

(12)

Confidence Intervals and Hypothesis Testing

416

(2)

Summary

418

(7)

Testing the Difference Between Two Means, Two Variances, and Two Proportions

425

(62)

Introduction

426

(1)

Testing the Difference Between Two Means: Large Samples

427

(11)

Testing the Difference Between Two Variances

438

(10)

Testing the Difference Between Two Means: Small Independent Samples

448

(10)

Testing the Difference Between Two Means: Small Dependent Samples

458

(12)

Testing the Difference Between Proportions

470

(7)

Summary

477

(10)

Hypothesis-Testing Summary 1

484

(3)

Correlation and Regression

487

(40)

Introduction

488

(1)

Correlation

489

(11)

Correlation Coefficient

491

(1)

Correlation and Causation

492

(1)

The Significance of the Correlation Coefficient

493

(7)

Regression

500

(13)

Line of Best Fit

500

(2)

Determination of the Regression Line Equation

502

(11)

Coefficient of Determination and Standard Error of the Estimate

513

(7)

Types of Variation for the Regression Model

513

(2)

Coefficient of Determination

515

(1)

Standard Error of the Estimate

516

(2)

Prediction Interval

518

(2)

Summary

520

(7)

Chi-Square and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)

527

(48)

Introduction

528

(1)

Test for Goodness of Fit

529

(12)

Test of Normality (Optional)

534

(7)

Tests Using Contingency Tables

541

(14)

Test for Independence

541

(5)

Test for Homogeneity of Proportions

546

(9)

Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)

555

(12)

Summary

567

(8)

Hypothesis-Testing Summary 2

574

(1)

appendix A Algebra Review

575

(6)

appendix B-1 Writing the Research Report

581

(2)

appendix B-2 Alternate Approach to the Standard Normal Distribution

583

(4)

appendix C Tables

587

(18)

appendix D Data Bank

605

(8)

appendix E Glossary

613

(6)

appendix F Bibliography

619

(2)

appendix G Photo Credits

621

(2)

appendix H Selected Answers

623

(34)

index

657

instructor's section Instructor's Edition Only

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