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Drugs and Behavior : An Introduction to Behavioral Pharmacology

ISBN: 9780130481184 | 0130481181
Edition: 6th
Format: Paperback
Publisher: Prentice Hall
Pub. Date: 1/1/2007

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SummaryTable of Contents
For undergraduate courses in Drugs and Behavior Psychopharmacology, as well as graduate survey courses in Psychopharmacology. This text provides an understanding of basic pharmacology and behavior analysis, along with a discussion of the history of each class of drugs and its current place in modern western culture. Student-friendly and accessible, this new edition provides students with impartial scientific information on the effects of drugs on behavior and the various ways that behaviors facilitate both the actions of drugs and the way peopl... MORE
Prefacexv
Some Basic Pharmacology
1(23)
What is a Drug?
1(1)
... MORENames of Drugs
2(3)
Describing Dosages
5(1)
Potency and Effectiveness
5(1)
Primary and Side Effects
5(1)
Drug Interactions
5(1)
Pharmacokinetics
6(1)
Routes of Administration
6(2)
Absorption from Parenteral Sites
8(1)
Inhalation of Gases
9(1)
Inhalation of Smoke and Solids
10(1)
Oral Administration
11(1)
The Digestive System
12(3)
Transdermal Administration
15(1)
Distribution of Drugs
15(1)
Excretion and Metabolism
16(2)
First-Pass Metabolism
18(1)
Factors That Alter Drug Metabolism
19(2)
Combining Absorption and Excretion Functions
21(1)
The Therapeutic Window
22(1)
Chapter Summary
22(2)
Research Design and the Behavioral Analysis of Drug Effects
24(15)
Research Design
24(4)
Nonexperimental Research
28(1)
The Study of Behavior
29(1)
Level of Arousal
30(1)
EEG
30(1)
Measuring Performance in Humans
31(2)
Measuring Behavior in Nonhumans
33(2)
Dissociation
35(1)
Stimulus Properties of Drugs
36(1)
Development and Testing of Psychotherapeutic Drugs
37(1)
Chapter Summary
38(1)
Tolerance, Withdrawal, Sensitization, and Conditioning of Drug Effects
39(12)
Tolerance
39(1)
Mechanisms of Tolerance
40(2)
Withdrawal Symptoms and Physical Dependence
42(1)
Tolerance and Conditioning
43(4)
Sensitization
47(2)
Chapter Summary
49(2)
Neurophysiology, Neurotransmitters, and the Nervous System
51(23)
The Neuron
51(5)
The Synapse
56(5)
Neurotransmitters
61(4)
The Nervous System
65(7)
Development of the Nervous System
72(1)
Chapter Summary
72(2)
Dependence, Addiction and the Self-Administration of Drugs
74(30)
Explaining Drug Self-Administration
74(1)
Development of the Disease Model
75(3)
Development of the Physical Dependence Model
78(2)
Development of the Positive Reinforcement Model
80(2)
Drugs as Positive and Negative Reinforcers
82(4)
The Neuroanatomy of Motivation and Reinforcement
86(3)
Self-Administration in Humans and Nonhumans
89(2)
Incentive
91(5)
The Role of Sensitization in Self Administration and Addiction
96(1)
Choosing to Use Drugs
97(3)
Behavioral Economics: Price and Demand
100(2)
Chapter Summary
102(2)
Alcohol
104(31)
Source of Alcohol
104(1)
Measurement of Alcohol Content
105(1)
Origin and History
105(4)
Measuring Alcohol Levels in the Body
109(1)
Route of Administration and Pharmacokinetics
109(1)
Absorption
110(1)
Distribution
111(1)
Excretion
111(2)
Neuropharmacology
113(2)
Effects of Alcohol
115(1)
Effects on Human Behavior and Performance
115(4)
Effects on the Behavior of Nonhumans
119(1)
Discriminative Stimulus Properties
119(1)
Tolerance
119(1)
Withdrawal
120(1)
Self-Administration in Nonhumans
121(1)
Self-Administration in Humans
121(2)
Alcoholism
123(4)
Harmful Effects of an Acute Administration
127(1)
Harmful Effects of Chronic Consumption
128(2)
Benefits of Alcohol Consumption
130(1)
Treatments
131(3)
Chapter Summary
134(1)
Tranquilizers and Sedative Hypnotics
135(21)
Introduction
135(1)
History
135(2)
Route of Administration and Absorption
137(1)
Distribution and Excretion
137(1)
Neurophysiology
138(2)
Effects on the Body
140(1)
Effects on Behavior and Performance of Humans
141(1)
Effects on Performance
142(1)
Effects on the Behavior of Nonhumans
143(1)
Discriminative Stimulus Properties
144(1)
Tolerance
144(1)
Withdrawal
145(2)
Self-Administration in Humans
147(2)
Self-Administration in Nonhumans
149(1)
Harmful Effects
150(1)
Treatment
151(1)
Addendum
152(2)
Chapter Summary
154(2)
Inhaled Substances
156(19)
Introduction
156(1)
Origins of Inhaled Substances
157(3)
History
160(3)
Route of Administration
163(1)
Absorption, Distribution and Excretion
163(1)
Neurophysiology
164(1)
Effects on the Behavior of Nonhumans
165(1)
Effects on the Behavior of Humans
166(1)
Discriminative Stimulus Properties
167(1)
Tolerance and Withdrawal
168(1)
Harmful Effects
168(3)
Self-Administration in Nonhumans
171(1)
Self-Administration in Humans
171(1)
Prevention and Treatment
172(1)
Chapter Summary
173(2)
Tobacco and Nicotine
175(21)
Preparations
175(1)
History
176(2)
Route of Administration
178(2)
Distribution
180(1)
Excretion
180(1)
Neurophysiological Effects
180(1)
Effects of Tobacco
181(1)
Effects on the Behavior and Performance of Humans
182(2)
Effects on the Behavior of Nonhumans
184(1)
Drug State Discrimination
185(1)
Withdrawal Symptoms
185(1)
Self-Administration in Nonhumans
186(1)
Self-Administration in Humans
186(4)
Harmful Effects
190(3)
Treatments
193(1)
Chapter Summary
194(2)
Caffeine and the Methylxanthines
196(21)
Sources of Methylxanthines
196(3)
History of Methylxanthine Use
199(2)
Route of Administration
201(1)
Absorption
201(1)
Distribution
202(1)
Excretion
202(1)
Neurophysiology
202(1)
Effects of Caffeine and the Methylxanthines
203(3)
Discriminative Stimulus Properties
206(2)
Withdrawal
208(1)
Self-Administration in Nonhumans
209(1)
Self-Administration in Humans
210(2)
Harmful Effects
212(2)
Epilogue
214(1)
Chapter Summary
215(2)
Psychomotor Stimulants
217(19)
Sources
217(1)
History
218(2)
Routes of Administration and Absorption
220(1)
Distribution
221(1)
Excretion
222(1)
Neurophysiology
222(1)
Effects of Psychomotor Stimulants
223(1)
Effects on the Behavior and Performance of Humans
223(4)
Effects on the Behavior of Nonhumans
227(1)
Dissociation and Drug State Discrimination
228(1)
Tolerance
228(1)
Withdrawal
229(1)
Self-Administration in Humans
229(1)
Self-Administration in Nonhumans
230(1)
Harmful Effects
231(3)
Treatment
234(1)
Chapter Summary
234(2)
The Opiates
236(21)
Origins and Sources of Opiates
236(2)
History
238(1)
Routes of Administration
239(1)
Distribution
240(1)
Excretion
240(1)
Neurophysiology
240(3)
Effects of Opiates
243(3)
Drug State Discrimination
246(1)
Tolerance
247(1)
Withdrawal
248(1)
Self Administration in Humans
248(2)
Self-Administration in Nonhumans
250(1)
Harmful Effects
250(2)
Treatment
252(3)
Addendum
255(1)
Chapter Summary
256(1)
Antipsychotic Drugs
257(13)
Types of Antipsychotic
258(1)
The Nature of Psychosis and Schizophrenia
259(2)
History
261(1)
Routes of Administration
261(1)
Absorption and Distribution
262(1)
Excretion
262(1)
Neurophysiology
262(3)
Effects of Antipsychotics
265(1)
Effects on the Behavior and Performance of Humans
266(1)
Effects on the Behavior of Nonhumans
266(1)
Drug State Discrimination and Dissociation
267(1)
Tolerance
267(1)
Withdrawal
267(1)
Self-Administration in Humans and Nonhumans
268(1)
Harmful Effects
268(1)
Other Therapeutic Effects of Antipsychotic Drugs
268(1)
Chapter Summary
269(1)
Antidepressants and Mood Stabilizers
270(14)
The Nature of Depression and Mania
270(3)
History
273(1)
Absorption
274(1)
Distribution
275(1)
Excretion
275(1)
Neurophysiology
276(1)
Effects of Antidepressants and Mood Stabilizers
277(2)
Effects on the Behavior and Performance of Humans
279(1)
Effects on the Behavior of Nonhumans
280(1)
Discriminative Stimulus Properties
280(1)
Tolerance
280(1)
Withdrawal
280(1)
Self-Administration in Humans and Nonhumans
281(1)
Harmful Effects
281(1)
Chapter Summary
282(2)
Cannabis
284(21)
The Cannabinoids
284(2)
History
286(1)
Absorption
287(1)
Distribution
288(1)
Excretion
289(1)
Neuropharmacology
289(2)
Effects of Cannabis
291(1)
Effects on Behavior and Performance of Humans
292(3)
Effects on the Behavior of Nonhumans
295(1)
Dissociation
296(1)
Drug State Discrimination
296(1)
Tolerance
297(1)
Withdrawal
297(1)
Self-Administration in Humans and Nonhumans
298(1)
Epidemiology
299(1)
Harmful Effects
299(4)
Epilogue
303(1)
Chapter Summary
304(1)
Hallucinogens
305(25)
Types of Hallucinogens
306(1)
Hallucinogens Similar to Serotonin
306(6)
Hallucinogens Similar to Norepinephrine
312(2)
Hallucinogens Similar to Acetylcholine
314(2)
Miscellaneous Hallucinogens
316(2)
Neurophysiology
318(1)
Effects on the Behavior and Performance of Humans
319(4)
Effects on the Behavior of Nonhumans
323(1)
Discriminative Stimulus Properties
323(1)
Tolerance
324(1)
Withdrawal
325(1)
Self Administration in Humans and Nonhumans
325(1)
Harmful Effects
326(2)
Chapter Summary
328(2)
References330(39)
Index369

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