9780312454425

This primary source reader is designed to accompanyAmerica's History, Sixth Edition, and offers a chorus of voices from the past to enrich the study of U.S. history. Both celebrated figures and ordinary people, from Frederick Douglass to mill workers, demonstrate the diversity of America's history while putting a human face on historical experience. A wealth of speeches, petitions, advertisements, and posters paint a vivid picture of the social and political life of the time, providing depth and breadth to the textbook discussion. Brief introductions set each document in context, while questions for analysis help link the individual source to larger historical themes.

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Preface Part I
The Creation of American Society, 1450–1763 Chapter 1
Worlds Collide: Europe, Africa, and America 1450-1620 Native American Societies
1-1 Indian and Non-Indian Population Charts, 1492-1980
1-2 Bernard Diaz del Castillo, The Discovery and Conquest of Mexico (1517-1521)
1-3 Cortes and the Requerimiento (1519-1521)
1-4 Pierre de Charlevoix, The Role of Women in Huron Society (1721)
Europe Encounters Africa and the Americas, 1450–1550
1-5 Father Pierre Biard, Indian Populations of New France (1611)
1-6 Gomes Eannes de Azurara, Prince Henry and the Slave Trade (1444)
1-7 Bartolome de las Casas, Columbus’s Landfall (1552)
The Protestant Reformation and the Rise of England
1-8 John Hales, Objections against Enclosure (1548)
1-9 Richard Hakluyt, A Discourse to Promote Colonization (1584)
1-10 Thomas Harriot, A Briefe and True Report of the New Found Land of Virginia (1588)
1-11 John White and Theodor de Bry, Images of Native Americans from Roanoke Island (1585, 1590) Chapter 2
The Invasion and Settlement of North America 1550-1700 The Rival Imperial Models of Spain, France, and Holland
2-1 Bartolome de las Casas, History of the Indies (1552)
2-2 John Smith, A True Relation of Virginia (1608)
2-3 Pocahontas and John Smith (1624)
2-4 John Smith, Checklist for Virginia-Bound Colonists (1624)
The English Arrive: The Chesapeake Experience
2-5 Notes on Indentured Servitude in Virginia (1640)
2-6 John Hammond, Two Fruitfull Sisters (1656)
Puritan New England
2-7 John Winthrop, A Modell of Christian Charity (1630)
2-8 Puritan Family Law: The Case of John Porter Jr. (1646, 1664)
2-9 The Ordeal of Cotton Mather’s Family (1713)
The Eastern Indians’ New World
2-10 John Winthrop, But What Warrant Have We to Take That Land? (1629)
2-11 Puritan Attack on the Pequots at Mystic River (1637)
2-12 Jerome Lalemant, Persecutions Excited Among Us (1640) Chapter 3
The British Empire in America 1660-1750 The Politics of Empire, 1660-1713
3-1 Edward Littleton, The Groans of the Plantations (1689)
3-2 Thomas Danforth, The Glorious Revolution in Massachusetts (1689)
The Imperial Slave Economy
3-3 Thomas Phillips, A Journal of a Voyage Made in the Hannibal (1693-1694)
3-4 Slavery and Prejudice: An Act for the Better Order and Government of Negroes and Slaves, South Carolina (1712)
3-5 Conflicts between Masters and Slaves: Maryland in the Mid-Seventeenth Century (1658)
3-6 An Early Slave Narrative: Ayubah Suleiman Diallo, or “Job” (1734)
3-7 William Byrd II, The Secret Diary of William Byrd II (1709-1711)
3-8 Benjamin Latrobe and Anonymous, Plantation Life in the Eighteenth Century
The New Politics of Empire, 1713-1750
3-9 Martin Bladen, A Plantation Parliament (1739)
3-10 Stono Rebellion in South Carolina (1739) Chapter 4
Growth and Crisis in Colonial Society 1720-1765 Freehold Society in New England
4-1 Nicholas Dudley, A New Hampshire Will (1763)
4-2 Benjamin Wadsworth, The Obligations of a Wife (1712)
The Middle Atlantic: Toward a New Society, 1720-1765
4-3 J. Hector St. John de Crevecoeur, What is an American? (1782)
4-4 Peter Kalm, A Description of Philadelphia (1748)
4-5 Job Johnson, Letter from a Scots-Irish Immigrant (1767)
4-6 An Abolitionist in Pennsylvania in the 1730’s
The Enlightenment and the Great Awakening, 1740-1765
4-7 Benjamin Franklin, On Education during the American Enlightenment (1749)
4-8 The Reverend James Ireland, An Evangelical Preacher’s Trials (1760s)
4-9 Charles Woodmason, Fighting Revivalism in the Carolina Backcountry (1768)
The Midcentury Challenge: War, Trade, and Social Conflict, 1750-1765
4-10 Christian Frederick Post, Negotiating Peace with the Ohio Indians (1758)
4-11 Protests on the Frontier: The Paxton Riots (1764)
4-12 Olaudah Equiano, Middle Passage (c. 1754) Part II
The New Republic, 1763–1820 Chapter 5
Toward Independence: Years of Decision 1763-1776 Imperial Reform, 1763-1765
5-1 James Otis, Jr., Rights of the Colonies Asserted and Proved (1764)
5-2 Jared Ingersoll, Report on the Debates in Parliament (1765)
5-3 Thomas Whately, Virtual Representation, (1765)
5-4 Daniel Dulany, Considerations on the Propriety of Imposing Taxes (1765)
5-5 Declarations of the Stamp Act Congress (1765)
The Dynamics of Rebellion, 1765-1770
5-6 Francis Bernard, The Stamp Act Riot (1765)
5-7 John Dickinson, Letter VII from a Farmer (1768)
5-8 The Boycott Agreements of Women in Boston (1770)
5-9 Peter Oliver, Origin and Progress of the American Rebellion (1780s)
5-10 Captain Thomas Preston, An Account of the Boston Massacre (1770)
The Road to Independence, 1771-1776
5-11 George R. T. Hewes, An Account of the Boston Tea Party of 1773
5-12 Philip Dawe, A British View of Rebellion in Boston (1774)
5-13 The Edenton, North Carolina, Boycott Agreement (1774)
5-14 Thomas Jefferson, A Summary View of the Rights of British America (1774)
5-15 James Wilson, The Nature and Extent of the Authority of Parliament (1774)
5-16 The Continental Congress Creates the Association (1774)
5-17 Joseph Galloway, A Plan of Union (1774) Chapter 6
Making War and Republican Governments, 1776-1789 The Trials of War, 1776-1778
6-1 Gouverneur Morris, The Poor Reptiles (1774)
6-2 Lord Dunmore, A Proclamation (1775)
6-3 Samuel Johnson, On Liberty and Slavery (1775)
6-4 William Smith, Jr., Rule for My Own Conduct (1776)
6-5 Continental Congress to the Iroquois Confederacy (1775)
6-6 Thomas Paine, The American Crisis, Number I (December 1776)
The Path to Victory, 1778-1783
6-7 Sarah Osborn, An Account of Life with the Army (1780-1783)
6-8 Jacob Francis, An African American Recounts His War Service (1775-1777)
6-9 John Struthers, An Account of War on the Frontier (1777-1782)
6-10 Civil War in the Southern Backcountry (1781)
6-11 British Perceptions of the War of Independence (1776, 1778)
Creating Republican Institutions, 1776-1787
6-12 The Virginia Declaration of Rights (1776)
6-13 Virginia Statute of Religious Freedom (1786)
6-14 Abigail Adams, Boston Women Support Price Control (1777)
6-15 John Heckewelder, Pachgantschihilas Warns about the Long Knives (1781)
6-16 Proslavery Petitions in Virginia (1785)
The Constitution of 1787
6-17 James Madison, Vices of the Political System of the United States (1787)
6-18 Elbridge Gerry, A Warning to the Delegates about Leveling (1787)
6-19 George Clinton, An Attack on the Proposed Federal Constitution (1787)
6-20 James Madison, The Federalist, No. 10 (1787)
6-21 James Madison, The Federalist, No. 54 (1787) Chapter 7
Politics and Society in the New Republic, 1787-1820 The Political Crisis of the 1790s
7-1 Alexander Hamilton, Report on Public Credit (1790)
7-2 George Washington, Farewell Address (1796)
7-3 Alexander Lawson, David Edwin, George Washington and Resisting Tyranny (1799, 1800)
7-4 The Sedition Act (1798)
7-5 Thomas Jefferson, The Kentucky Resolutions (1798)
7-6 Thomas Jefferson, First Inaugural Address (1801)
Westward Movement and the Jeffersonian Revolution
7-7 Congressional Resolution on Western Lands (1800)
7-8 Henry Knox, Proposed Indian Policy for the New Republic (1789)
7-9 Thomas Jefferson, Message to Congress (January 18, 1803)
7-10 Jane Stevenson, A Pioneer Woman in Post-Revolutionary Kentucky (1840s)
The War of 1812 and the Transformation of Politics
7-11 John Marshall, Decision in Marbury v. Madison (1803)
7-12 Meriwether Lewis, The Journals of the Lewis and Clark Expedition (1804-1806)
7-13 George Cruikshank, Peter Pencil, Jefferson and the Embargo (1808, 1809)
7-14 William Henry Harrison, Speech to Tecumseh and the Prophet (1811), and Report to the Secretary of War (1814)
7-15 Hartford Convention Resolutions (1814) Chapter 8
Creating a Republican Culture, 1790-1820 The Capitalist Commonwealth
8-1 John Marshall, Decision in Fletcher v. Peck (1810)
8-2 Daniel Webster, Argument for the Plaintiff in Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1818)
8-3 John Marshall, Decision in McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
Toward a Democratic Republican Culture
8-4 Pierre Charles L’Enfant, The Plan for the City of Washington (1791)
8-5 Hugh Henry Brackenridge, Modern Chivalry (1792)
8-6 Congressional Pugilists: Matthew Lyon and Roger Griswold (1798)
8-7 Benjamin Rush, The Education of Republican Women (1798)
Aristocratic Republicanism and Slavery
8-8 James Madison, Original Intent and Slavery (1819)
8-9 Daniel Raymond, The Blight of Slavery (1819)
8-10 James Madison and the American Colonization Society (1819)
Protestant Christianity as a Social Force
8-11 Reverend George Baxter, Defending the Revival at Cane Ridge, Kentucky (1802)
8-12 Alexis de Tocqueville, What Makes Religion Powerful in America? (1831) Part III
Economic Revolution and Sectional Strife, 1820–1877 Chapter 9
Economic Transformation, 1820-1860 The American Industrial Revolution
9-1 Niles’ Weekly Register, Calculating the Value of Children’s Labor (1816)
9-2 A Mill Worker Describes Her Work and Life (1844)
9-3 Harriet Martineau, Morals of Manufactures (1837)
9-4 The “Factory Girls” (1844, 1845)
9-5 Joseph Whitworth, The American System of Manufactures (1854)
The Market Revolution
9-6 Jesup W. Scott, Western Railroads (1845)
9-7 A Satire on Western Boosterism (1845)
Changes in the Social Structure
9-8 Orestes A. Brownson, The Laboring Classes (1840)
9-9 Alexis de Tocqueville, The Rise of an Industrial Aristocracy (1831)
9-10 The American Whig Review, Influence of the Trading Spirit on Social and Moral Life (1845)
9-11 Freeman Hunt, Advice for Businessmen (1856) Chapter 10
A Democratic Revolution, 1820-1844 The Rise of Popular Politics, 1820-1829
10-1 James Kent, An Argument Against Universal Suffrage (1821)
10-2 Henry Clay, Speech on the Tariff (March 30-31, 1824)
10-3 Alexis de Tocqueville, The Tyranny of the Majority (1831)
10-4 Horace Mann, Necessity of Education in a Republican Government (1837)
The Jacksonian Presidency, 1829-1837
10-5 Andrew Jackson, Bank Veto Message (1832)
10-6 Andrew Jackson and Elias Boudinot, On Indian Removal (1829)
10-7 John Marshall, Decision in Cherokee Nation v. Georgia (1831)
10-8 South Carolina Ordinance of Nullification (1832)
Class, Culture, and the Second Party System
10-9 Seth Luther, Address to the Working Men of New England (1832)
10-10 Edward C. Clay, The Election of 1836
10-11 Francis P. Blair, Protecting Domestic Industry (1842)
10-12 John Scholefield, A Whig Discusses How to Appeal to the Workingman (1833) Chapter 11
Religion and Reform, 1820-1860 Individualism
11-1 Francis Wayland, Obedience (1831)
11-2 Henry David Thoreau, Walden (1854)
Rural Communalism and Urban Popular Culture
11-3 Rebecca Cox Jackson, The Shakers (1850)
11-4 John Humphrey Noyes, Male Continence (1872)
11-5 Edward C. Clay, Satirizing Free Blacks (1829)
Abolitionism
11-6 William Lloyd Garrison, Commencement of The Liberator (1831)
11-7 Frederick Douglass, What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? (1852)
11-8 “Slavery As It Exists” (1850)
The Women’s Rights Movement
11-9 Angelina E. Grimke, Breaking Out of Women’s Separate Sphere (1838)
11-10 Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions (1848) Chapter 12
The South Expands: Slavery and Society, 1820-1860 Creating the Cotton South
12-1 Leonard Covington, The Slaveholders’ Frontier: Moving to Mississippi (1808-1809)
12-2 Forced Migration to the Cotton South: The Narrative of Charles Ball (1837)
12-3 William Chambers, Slave Auction in Richmond, Virginia (1854)
12-4 Frederick Law Olmsted, Slave Management on a Mississippi Plantation (1852)
12-5 James Coles Bruce, Inventory of Slave Property (1849)
12-6 Edmund Ruffin Defends Slavery (1853)
The African American World
12-7 Memories of a Slave Childhood
12-8 Frances Anne Kemble, The Plight of Female Slaves (1839)
12-9 Nat Turner, Religion in the Quarters (1832)
12-10 John Thompson, A Slave Named Ben (c. 1826)
12-11 The Enslavement of Solomon Northup (1841) Chapter 13
The Crisis of the Union 1844-1860 Manifest Destiny: South and North
13-1 John L. O’Sullivan, Texas, California, and Manifest Destiny (1845)
13-2 Thomas Oliver Larkin, The Importance of California (1845)
13-3 The Great Prize Fight (1844)
War, Expansion, and Slavery, 1846-1850
13-4 Carlos Maria de Bustamante, The American Invasion of Mexico (1847)
13-5 Salmon P. Chase, Defining the Constitutional Limits of Slavery (1850)
13-6 John C. Calhoun, A Discourse on the Constitution (1850)
13-7 Frederick Grimke, The Right of Secession (1856)
The End of the Second Party System, 1850-1858
13-8 The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850
13-9 Fulfilling a Constitutional Duty with Alacrity (1850)
13-10 Opposing Accounts of the Rescue of a Fugitive (1851)
13-11 Charles Sumner, The Crime Against Kansas (1856)
13-12 The Dred Scott Decision (1857)
Abraham Lincoln and the Republican Triumph, 1858-1860
13-13 The Lincoln-Douglas Debates (1858)
13-14 The Trial of John Brown (1859)
13-15 John A. Copeland, Jr., Letter to His Parents (1859) Chapter 14
Two Societies at War 1861-1865 Secession and Military Stalemate, 1861-1862, and Toward Total War
14-1 Charles Memminger, South Carolina Secedes from the Union (1860)
14-2 Constitution of the Confederate States (1861)
14-3 Abraham Lincoln, First Inaugural Address (1861)
14-4 Mary Boykin Chesnut, The Crisis at Fort Sumter (April 1861)
14-5 The Work of the United States Sanitary Commission (1864)
The Turning Point: 1863
14-6 Slave Runaways in South Carolina (1861)
14-7 Charlotte Forten, A Northern Black Woman Teaches Contrabands in South Carolina (1862)
14-8 Adalbert John Volck, J.F. Meeks, Lincoln and Emancipation (1864)
14-9 Anna Elizabeth Dickinson, The New York City Draft Riots (July 1863)
14-10 Abraham Lincoln, The Gettysburg Address (1863)
The Union Victorious, 1864-1865
14-11 Confederates Debate Emancipation (1863-1864)
14-12 Weekly Anglo-American, Letters to the Editor (1864)
14-13 Abraham Lincoln, Second Inaugural Address (1865) Chapter 15
Reconstruction 1865-1877 Presidential Reconstruction
15-1 Andrew Johnson, Plan of Reconstruction (1865)
15-2 Carl Schurz, Report on Conditions in the South (1865)
15-3 Philip A. Bell, Reconstruction (1865)
15-4 The Mississippi Black Codes (1865)
15-5 The Civil Rights Act of 1866
Radical Reconstruction
15-6 Thaddeus Stevens, Black Suffrage and Land Redistribution (1867)
15-7 The Fourteenth Amendment and Woman Suffrage (1873, 1875)
15-8 Richard H. Cain, An Advocate of Federal Aid for Land Purchase (1868)
The Undoing of Reconstruction
15-9 Thomas Nast, The Rise and Fall of Northern Support for Reconstruction (1868, 1874)
15-10 President Grant Refuses to Aid Republicans in Mississippi (1875)
15-11 The Slaughterhouse Cases (1873)
15-12 Susan Myrick Interviews ex-Slave Catherine Beale (1929)

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Documents to Accompany America's History, Volume I To 1877

Documents to Accompany America's History, Volume I To 1877

0312454422

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Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials