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| Preface | p. xiii |
| Table of Cases | p. xix |
| Criminal Law | |
| Introduction to the Legal System of the United States | p. 3 |
| Federalism | p. 4 |
| Separation of Powers | p. 7 |
| The Structure of the Court System | p. 9 |
| The Duties and Powers of the Judicial Branch | p. 13 |
| Comparing Civil Law and Criminal Law | p. 15 |
| Web Links | p. 20 | ... MORE
| Key Terms | p. 20 |
| Review Questions | p. 20 |
| Review Problems | p. 21 |
| End Notes | p. 21 |
| Introduction to Criminal Law | p. 23 |
| The Distinction Between Criminal Law and Criminal Procedure | p. 24 |
| The Power of Government to Regulate Behavior | p. 24 |
| The Purposes of Punishing Criminal Law Violators | p. 27 |
| Specific and General Deterrence | p. 27 |
| Incapacitation | p. 28 |
| Rehabilitation | p. 28 |
| Retribution | p. 29 |
| Sources of Criminal Law | p. 30 |
| The Common Law | p. 30 |
| Statutory Law | p. 37 |
| Ordinances | p. 37 |
| Administrative Law | p. 37 |
| Court Rules | p. 40 |
| The Model Penal Code | p. 42 |
| Constitutional Law | p. 43 |
| Web Links | p. 45 |
| Key Terms | p. 45 |
| Review Questions | p. 45 |
| Review Problems | p. 46 |
| End Notes | p. 46 |
| The Two Essential Elements | p. 48 |
| Mens Rea | p. 48 |
| Mens Rea and the Common Law | p. 48 |
| Strict Liability | p. 54 |
| Vicarious Liability | p. 57 |
| Current Approaches to Mens Rea | p. 59 |
| Proving Mens Rea | p. 61 |
| Motive | p. 62 |
| Actus Reus | p. 63 |
| Voluntariness | p. 63 |
| Thoughts and Statements as Acts | p. 65 |
| Personal Status as an Act | p. 65 |
| Possession as an Act | p. 66 |
| Omissions as Acts | p. 67 |
| Causation | p. 69 |
| Web Links | p. 74 |
| Key Terms | p. 74 |
| Review Questions | p. 74 |
| Review Problems | p. 74 |
| End Notes | p. 76 |
| Crimes Against the Person | p. 79 |
| Studying Crimes | p. 80 |
| Homicide | p. 80 |
| Homicide and the Common Law | p. 81 |
| Statutory Approaches to Homicide | p. 85 |
| Manslaughter | p. 93 |
| The Model Penal Code Approach to Homicide | p. 96 |
| Life, Death, and Homicide | p. 97 |
| Suicide | p. 97 |
| Corpus Delicti | p. 99 |
| Assault and Battery | p. 100 |
| Aggravated Assault and Battery | p. 101 |
| Mayhem | p. 102 |
| Sex Crimes | p. 102 |
| Rape | p. 103 |
| Nonforcible Rape | p. 105 |
| Sodomy | p. 105 |
| Rape Shield Laws | p. 106 |
| Incest | p. 106 |
| Sex Offenses Against Children | p. 106 |
| Megan's Laws, Commitment, and Castration | p. 108 |
| Kidnapping And False Imprisonment | p. 109 |
| Kidnapping | p. 109 |
| Parental Kidnapping | p. 110 |
| False Imprisonment | p. 112 |
| Stalking | p. 112 |
| Civil Rights and Hate Crimes | p. 113 |
| Web Links | p. 114 |
| Key Terms | p. 115 |
| Review Questions | p. 115 |
| Review Problems | p. 115 |
| End Notes | p. 116 |
| Crimes Against Property and Habitation | p. 119 |
| Arson | p. 120 |
| Burglary | p. 121 |
| Theft Crimes | p. 122 |
| Introduction to Theft Crimes | p. 122 |
| Larceny | p. 124 |
| Embezzlement | p. 126 |
| False Pretenses | p. 127 |
| Receiving Stolen Property | p. 131 |
| Robbery | p. 132 |
| Extortion | p. 133 |
| Consolidated Theft Statutes | p. 134 |
| The Model Penal Code Consolidation | p. 136 |
| Destruction of Property | p. 137 |
| Computer Crimes | p. 138 |
| Web Links | p. 142 |
| Key Terms | p. 142 |
| Review Questions | p. 142 |
| Review Problems | p. 142 |
| End Notes | p. 143 |
| Crimes Against the Public | p. 145 |
| Defining a "Crime Against The Public" | p. 146 |
| Crimes Against Public Morality | p. 146 |
| Prostitution and Solicitation | p. 146 |
| Deviate Sexual Conduct | p. 147 |
| Indecent Exposure and Lewdness | p. 149 |
| Obscenity | p. 150 |
| Regulating the Internet | p. 153 |
| Crimes Against the Public Order | p. 154 |
| Introduction | p. 154 |
| Riot and Unlawful Assembly | p. 154 |
| Distrubing the Peace | p. 155 |
| Incitement/Advocacy of Unlawful Conduct | p. 155 |
| Threats | p. 157 |
| Vagrancy and Panhandling | p. 157 |
| Drug and Alcohol Crimes | p. 160 |
| Crimes Against the Administration of Government | p. 165 |
| Perjury | p. 165 |
| Bribery | p. 167 |
| Tax Crimes | p. 168 |
| Obstruction of Justice | p. 170 |
| Contempt | p. 172 |
| Crimes Against the Environment | p. 173 |
| Clean Water Act | p. 175 |
| Clean Air Act | p. 175 |
| Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act | p. 176 |
| Resource Conservation and Recovery Act | p. 176 |
| Occupational Safety and Health Act | p. 176 |
| Toxic Substances Control Act | p. 176 |
| Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act | p. 177 |
| Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act | p. 177 |
| Endangered Species Act | p. 177 |
| Marine Mammal Protection Act | p. 178 |
| Web Links | p. 178 |
| Key Terms | p. 178 |
| Review Questions | p. 178 |
| Review Problems | p. 179 |
| End Notes | p. 180 |
| Parties and Inchoate Offenses | p. 181 |
| Parties to Crimes | p. 182 |
| Inchoate Crimes | p. 183 |
| Attempt | p. 183 |
| Conspiracy | p. 186 |
| Solicitation | p. 190 |
| Web Links | p. 190 |
| Key Terms | p. 191 |
| Review Questions | p. 191 |
| Review Problems | p. 191 |
| End Notes | p. 192 |
| Factual and Statutory Defenses | p. 193 |
| "Defense" Defined | p. 194 |
| Affirmative Defenses | p. 194 |
| Insanity | p. 195 |
| M'Naughten | p. 196 |
| Irresistible Impulse | p. 197 |
| Durham | p. 197 |
| The Model Penal Code Test | p. 197 |
| Guilty But Mentally Ill | p. 198 |
| Procedures of the Insanity Defense | p. 198 |
| Disposition of the Criminally Insane | p. 199 |
| Insanity at the Time of Trial | p. 201 |
| Duress and Necessity | p. 202 |
| Use-of-Force Defenses | p. 203 |
| Self-Defense | p. 203 |
| Defense of Others | p. 205 |
| Defense of Property and Habitation | p. 205 |
| Imperfect Self-Defense | p. 206 |
| Arrests | p. 206 |
| Infancy | p. 210 |
| Intoxication | p. 211 |
| Mistake | p. 211 |
| Entrapment | p. 212 |
| Alibi and Consent | p. 213 |
| Statutes of Limitation | p. 213 |
| Web Links | p. 214 |
| Key Terms | p. 214 |
| Review Questions | p. 215 |
| Review Problems | p. 215 |
| End Notes | p. 216 |
| Constitutional Defenses | p. 217 |
| Introduction | p. 218 |
| Double Jeopardy | p. 218 |
| Self-Incrimination and Immunity | p. 219 |
| Due Process and Equal Protection | p. 221 |
| Vagueness and Overbreadth | p. 223 |
| Ex Post Facto and Bills of Attainder | p. 223 |
| First Amendment and Religion | p. 224 |
| First Amendment and Speech | p. 231 |
| Privacy and Other Unenumerated Rights | p. 238 |
| Web Links | p. 243 |
| Key Terms | p. 243 |
| Review Questions | p. 243 |
| Review Problems | p. 244 |
| End Notes | p. 244 |
| Criminal Procedure | |
| Introduction and Participants | p. 247 |
| Criminal Procedure Defined | p. 248 |
| A Common-Law, Adversarial, and Accusatorial System | p. 248 |
| The Due Process Model | p. 249 |
| The Participants | p. 250 |
| Law Enforcement Officers | p. 250 |
| Prosecutors | p. 252 |
| Judges | p. 259 |
| Defense Attorneys | p. 259 |
| Victims | p. 263 |
| Liability of Governments and Their Officials | p. 264 |
| Web Links | p. 266 |
| Key Terms | p. 266 |
| Review Questions | p. 266 |
| Review Problems | p. 267 |
| End Notes | p. 267 |
| The Constitutional Aspects of Criminal Procedure | p. 269 |
| Introduction | p. 270 |
| Incorporation | p. 270 |
| Expansion of Rights | p. 272 |
| Exclusionary Rule | p. 272 |
| Exclusionary Rule and Exceptions | p. 275 |
| Fruit of the Poisonous Tree | p. 275 |
| Standing | p. 276 |
| State Constitutions and the "New Federalism" | p. 277 |
| Web Links | p. 281 |
| Key Terms | p. 281 |
| Review Questions | p. 282 |
| Review Problems | p. 282 |
| End Notes | p. 282 |
| Searches, Seizures, and Arrests | p. 283 |
| The Fourth Amendment | p. 284 |
| Privacy | p. 284 |
| Probable Cause | p. 290 |
| Searches and Seizures | p. 296 |
| The Warrant Requirement | p. 296 |
| Exceptions to the Search Warrant Requirement | p. 303 |
| Arrest | p. 324 |
| Defining Arrest | p. 324 |
| The Warrant Preference | p. 325 |
| Arrests in Protected Areas | p. 328 |
| Search Incident to Arrest and the Protective Sweep | p. 328 |
| Executing Arrest Warrants | p. 330 |
| Illegal Arrests | p. 331 |
| Considering Fourth Amendment Problems | p. 331 |
| Web Links | p. 334 |
| Key Terms | p. 334 |
| Review Questions | p. 334 |
| Review Problems | p. 334 |
| End Notes | p. 335 |
| Interrogation and Other Law Enforcement Practices | p. 337 |
| Interrogations, Confessions, And Admissions | p. 338 |
| Miranda | p. 338 |
| Sixth Amendment | p. 348 |
| Voluntariness Requirement | p. 348 |
| Electronic Surveillance | p. 348 |
| Title III of the Omnibus Crime Control Act | p. 348 |
| Pretrial Identification Procedures | p. 351 |
| Lineups and One-Man Showups | p. 352 |
| The Fairness Right | p. 352 |
| Photographs | p. 354 |
| Scientific Identification Procedures | p. 354 |
| Exclusion of Improper Identifications | p. 360 |
| Web Links | p. 360 |
| Key Terms | p. 361 |
| Review Questions | p. 361 |
| Review Problems | p. 361 |
| End Notes | p. 362 |
| The Pretrial Process | p. 363 |
| Introduction | p. 364 |
| Discovery and Investigation of Criminal Activity | p. 364 |
| Arrest | p. 364 |
| The Complaint | p. 364 |
| Initial Appearance | p. 369 |
| Pretrial Release and Detention | p. 369 |
| Types of Release | p. 369 |
| Eighth Amendment | p. 370 |
| Detention | p. 370 |
| Preliminary Hearing | p. 371 |
| The Formal Charge | p. 374 |
| Indictment and Grand Jury | p. 374 |
| Information | p. 379 |
| Arraignment | p. 379 |
| Pretrial Activity | p. 380 |
| Discovery | p. 380 |
| Motion Practice | p. 385 |
| Pretrial Conference | p. 387 |
| Extradition and Detainers | p. 387 |
| Removal | p. 388 |
| Web Links | p. 389 |
| Key Terms | p. 389 |
| Review Questions | p. 389 |
| Review Problems | p. 390 |
| End Notes | p. 390 |
| Trial | p. 391 |
| Trial Rights of Defendants | p. 392 |
| The Right to a Jury Trial | p. 392 |
| The Right to a Public Trial | p. 393 |
| The Right to Confrontation and Cross-Examination | p. 398 |
| The Presumption of Innocence/Burden of Proof | p. 398 |
| The Right to Speedy Trial | p. 399 |
| The Right to Counsel | p. 401 |
| Trial Procedure | p. 405 |
| Voir Dire | p. 405 |
| Preliminary Instructions | p. 405 |
| Opening Statements | p. 406 |
| The Prosecution's Case in Chief | p. 406 |
| The Defense Case | p. 407 |
| Rebuttal | p. 407 |
| Closing Arguments | p. 408 |
| Final Instructions | p. 408 |
| Jury Deliberations and Verdict | p. 408 |
| JNOV/New Trial | p. 409 |
| Web Links | p. 409 |
| Key Terms | p. 409 |
| Review Questions | p. 410 |
| Review Problems | p. 410 |
| End Notes | p. 410 |
| Sentencing and Appeal | p. 411 |
| Sentencing | p. 412 |
| Sentencing Procedure | p. 412 |
| Forms of Punishment | p. 414 |
| Habitual Offender Statutes | p. 439 |
| Postconviction Remedies | p. 440 |
| Appeal | p. 440 |
| Habeas Corpus | p. 442 |
| Web Links | p. 446 |
| Key Terms | p. 446 |
| Review Questions | p. 446 |
| Review Problems | p. 447 |
| End Notes | p. 447 |
| The Constitution of the United States of America | p. 449 |
| Selected Excerpts from the Model Penal Code | p. 461 |
| Glossary | p. 497 |
| Index | p. 501 |
| Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved. |