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The Craft of Research

ISBN: 9780226065687 | 0226065685
Edition: 2nd
Format: Paperback
Publisher: Univ of Chicago Pr
Pub. Date: 4/14/2003

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SummaryTable of ContentsAuthor Biography
Gregory G. Colomb is professor of English language and literature at the University of Virginia.
Since 1995, students, researchers, and professionals have turned to The Craft of Research for clear and helpful guidance on how to conduct research and report it effectively. Now, master teachers Wayne C. Booth, Gregory G. Colomb, and Joseph M. Williams have completely revised and updated their classic handbook. The new edition will continue to help thousands of students and writers plan, carry out, and report on resear... MORE
Prefacexi
I RESEARCH, RESEARCHERS, AND READERS1(34)
Prologue: Starting a Research Project
3(6)
Thinking in Print: The Uses of Research... MORE
9(8)
What Is Research?
10(2)
Why Write It Up?
12(1)
Why a Formal Report?
13(2)
Conclusion
15(2)
Connecting with Your Reader: (Re)Creating Your Self and Your Audience
17(18)
Creating Roles for Writers and Readers
17(2)
Creating a Relationship with Your Reader: Your Role
19(3)
Creating the Other Half of the Relationship: The Reader's Role
22(4)
Writing in Groups
26(4)
Managing the Unavoidable Problem of Inexperience
30(5)
A Checklist for Understanding Your Readers
32(3)
II ASKING QUESTIONS, FINDING ANSWERS35(74)
Prologue: Planning Your Project
37(3)
From Topics to Questions
40(16)
From an Interest to a Topic
41(2)
From a Broad Topic to a Focused One
43(2)
From a Focused Topic to Questions
45(4)
From a Merely Interesting Question to Its Wider Significance
49(7)
Finding Topics
53(3)
From Questions to Problems
56(19)
Problems, Problems, Problems
57(3)
The Common Structure of Problems
60(8)
Finding a Good Research Problem
68(2)
Summary: The Problem of the Problem
70(5)
Disagreeing with Your Sources
72(3)
From Problems to Sources
75(15)
Screening Sources for Reliability
76(3)
Locating Printed and Recorded Sources
79(4)
Finding Sources on the Internet
83(2)
Gathering Data Directly from People
85(3)
Bibliographic Trails
88(1)
What You Find
88(2)
Using Sources
90(19)
Three Uses for Sources
91(4)
Reading Generously but Critically
95(1)
Preserving What You Find
96(8)
Getting Help
104(5)
Speedy Reading
106(3)
III MAKING A CLAIM AND SUPPORTING IT109(74)
Prologue: Pulling Together Your Argument
111(3)
Making Good Arguments: An Overview
114(13)
Argument and Conversation
114(2)
Basing Claims on Reasons
116(1)
Basing Reasons on Evidence
117(1)
Acknowledging and Responding to Alternatives
118(1)
Warranting the Relevance of Reasons
119(2)
Building Complex Arguments Out of Simple Ones
121(1)
Arguments and Your Ethos
122(5)
Designing Arguments Not for Yourself but for Your Readers: Two Common Pitfalls
124(3)
Claims
127(11)
What Kind of Claim?
127(2)
Evaluating Your Claim
129(9)
Qualifying Claims to Enhance Your Credibility
135(3)
Reasons and Evidence
138(13)
Using Reasons to Plan Your Argument
138(2)
The Slippery Distinction between Reasons and Evidence
140(2)
Evidence vs. Reports of Evidence
142(2)
Selecting the Right Form for Reporting Evidence
144(1)
Reliable Evidence
145(6)
Showing the Relevance of Evidence
149(2)
Acknowledgments and Responses
151(14)
Questioning Your Argument
152(2)
Finding Alternatives to Your Argument
154(3)
Deciding What to Acknowledge
157(2)
Responses as Subordinate Arguments
159(6)
The Vocabulary of Acknowledgment and Response
161(4)
Warrants
165(18)
How Warrants Work
166(2)
What Warrants Look Like
168(1)
Knowing When to State a Warrant
168(2)
Testing Your Warrants
170(7)
Challenging the Warrants of Others
177(6)
Some Strategies for Challenging Warrants
179(4)
IV PREPARING TO DRAFT, DRAFTING, AND REVISING183(100)
Prologue: Planning Again
185(4)
Outlining
187(2)
Planning and Drafting
189(19)
Preliminaries to Drafting
189(2)
Planning: Four Traps to Avoid
191(2)
A Plan for Drafting
193(8)
The Pitfall to Avoid at All Costs: Plagiarism
201(3)
The Next Step
204(4)
Using Quotation and Paraphrase
205(3)
Revising Your Organization and Argument
208(14)
Thinking Like a Reader
209(1)
Analyzing and Revising Your Overall Organization
209(7)
Revising Your Argument
216(2)
The Last Step
218(4)
Titles and Abstracts
219(3)
Introductions and Conclusions
222(19)
The Three Elements of an Introduction
222(3)
Establishing Common Ground
225(3)
Stating Your Problem
228(4)
Stating Your Response
232(2)
Fast or Slow?
234(1)
Organizing the Whole Introduction
235(1)
Conclusions
236(5)
Opening and Closing Words
238(3)
Communicating Evidence Visually
241(22)
Visual or Verbal?
244(1)
Tables vs. Figures
244(1)
Constructing Tables
245(3)
Constructing Figures
248(12)
Visual Communication and Ethics
260(1)
Using Graphics as an Aid to Thinking
261(2)
Revising Style: Telling Your Story Clearly
263(20)
Judging Style
263(2)
A First Principle: Stories and Grammar
265(9)
A Second Principle: Old Before New
274(1)
Choosing between Active and Passive
275(2)
A Final Principle: Complexity Last
277(3)
Spit and Polish
280(3)
The Quickest Revision
281(2)
V SOME LAST CONSIDERATIONS283(42)
The Ethics of Research
285(4)
A Postscript for Teachers
289(8)
An Appendix on Finding Sources
297(20)
General Sources
298(1)
Special Sources
299(18)
A Note on Some of Our Sources
317(8)
Index325
Wayne C. Booth is the George Pullman Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus at the University of Chicago. His many books include The Rhetoric of Fiction and For the Love of It: Amateuring and its Rivals, both published by the University of Chicago Press.

Gregory G. Colomb is a professor of the English language and literature at the University of Virginia. He is the author of Designs on Truth: The Poetics of the Augustan Mock-Epic.

Joseph M. Williams is a professor emeritus in the Department of English Language and Literature at the University of Chicago. He is the author of Style: Toward Clarity and Grace. Together Colomb and Williams have written The Craft of Argument.

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