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Conflict and Consensus in American Politics

by: Wayne,Stephen J.

Conflict and Consensus in American Politics

by: Wayne,Stephen J.

ISBN 13:
9780534249922
ISBN 10:
0534249922
Format: Paperback
Copyright: 06/12/2006
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Summary

1. Conflict and Consensus in American Politics: An Introduction. 2. The Constitution: A Framework for Conflict Resolution. 3. Federalism in Theory and Practice. 4. Issues of Freedom, Equity, and Justice. 5. Political Socialization, Public Opinion, and Participation. 6. Political Interest Groups. 7. Political Parties. 8. Campaigns and Elections. 9. Media and Politics. 10. The Congress. 11. The Presidency. 12. The Federal Bureaucracy. 13. The Judiciary. 14. Domestic Policy: Process and Product. 15. International and National Security Policy: Process and Product. Appendix A: Declaration of Independence. Appendix B: The Constitution of the United States of America. Appendix C: The Federalist Papers, No. 10 and No. 51. Glossary.

The Politics of American Democracy: An Introduction

xviii

Conflict and Consensus in American Politics: An Introductory Discussion

(30)

Introduction: President Lawrence Summers Speaks His Mind

(1)

American Political Beliefs

(8)

Basic Values and Beliefs

(4)

Consensus, Conflict, and Apathy

(2)

The Theory of American Democracy

(5)

The Role of Politics

(2)

The Relationship Between the People and Their Government

(3)

Components of Democratic Government

(9)

Public Inputs

(2)

The Mechanism of Government

(3)

Outputs: Public Policy

(3)

Politics in Action: The USA Patriot Act: National Security Versus Civil Rights

(6)

Summary

(1)

Key Terms

(1)

Discussion Questions

(1)

Topics for Debate

(1)

Where on the Web?

(1)

Selected Readings

(1)

Notes

(2)

The Constitution: A Framework for Conflict Resolution

(34)

Introduction: The Controversy over the Pledge of Allegiance

(3)

The Founders' Constitution

(10)

The Revolutionary Background

(3)

The Articles of Confederation

(1)

The Constitutional Convention

(1)

Basic Compromises

(2)

Ratification

(2)

The Constitution Democratic or Reactionary?

(2)

Enduring Ideas and Essential Tensions: Consensus and Conflict

(7)

Popular Sovereignty

(1)

Limited Government

(1)

Individual Rights

(1)

Separation of Powers

(1)

Federalism

(1)

Judicial Review

(2)

The Living Constitution

(7)

Amending the Constitution

(1)

Interpreting the Constitution

(6)

Politics in Action: Government and the Ten Commandments

(2)

Summary

(1)

Key Terms

(1)

Discussion Questions

(1)

Topics for Debate

(1)

Where on the Web?

(1)

Selected Readings

(1)

Notes

(2)

Federalism in Theory and in Practice

(42)

Introduction: Federalism: Consensus in Theory, Controversy in Practice

(3)

Federalism as a Political Issue

(1)

The Changing Nature of American Federalism

(11)

National Supremacy Versus State Rights, 1787--1865

(2)

Redefining State and National Roles, 1865--1933

(1)

Expansion of the Federal Government, 1933--1968

(2)

From Grants-in-Aid to Mandates and Regulations, 1968--1994

(1)

Devolution Federalism, 1994--?

(5)

Federal--State--Local Relations: Power and Politics

(10)

National Regulation of States and Localities

(2)

Grants-in-Aid

(8)

State and Local Influences on National Policymaking

(4)

Grantsmanship

(1)

The Intergovernmental Lobby

(2)

Federalism in Action: Setting National Standards for Alcohol Consumption

(3)

National Versus State Rights: Who's in Charge?

(2)

Summary

101

(2)

Key Terms

103

(1)

Discussion Questions

103

(1)

Topics for Debate

103

(1)

Where on the Web?

104

(1)

Selected Readings

104

(1)

Notes

104

(4)

Issues of Freedom, Equity, and Justice

108

(48)

Introduction: Flag Burning and Free Speech

109

(2)

Freedom of Speech

111

(8)

Protected Speech

112

(2)

Unprotected Speech

114

(3)

Symbolic Expression and Conduct

117

(2)

Religion and the Constitution

119

(5)

Establishment of Religion

119

(1)

Separation of Church and State

119

(1)

Accommodating Church and State

120

(1)

The Exercise of Religion

121

(3)

The Quest for Equality

124

(10)

The Extension of Voting Rights

124

(1)

Redistricting and Equal Representation

125

(1)

Ending Racial Discrimination

126

(1)

The Brown Decision

126

(2)

The Civil Rights Act of 1964

128

(1)

School Integration

128

(2)

Nonracial Discrimination

130

(1)

Minimal Versus Strict Scrutiny

130

(1)

The Exacting Scrutiny Test

130

(1)

Affirmative Action

131

(3)

Justice for All

134

(11)

Due Process of Law

134

(2)

Unreasonable Searches and Seizures

136

(1)

Government Interrogations

137

(1)

Grants of Immunity

138

(1)

Plea Bargaining

138

(1)

Limits on Police

138

(1)

The Miranda Warnings

139

(1)

Right to Counsel

139

(1)

Other Protections

140

(2)

Rights and Safeguards in Criminal Prosecutions

142

(3)

Politics in Action: Should the Death Penalty Be Abolished?

145

(3)

Summary

148

(1)

Key Terms

149

(1)

Key Constitutional Law Cases

150

(1)

Discussion Questions

151

(1)

Topics for Debate

151

(1)

Where on the Web?

151

(1)

Selected Readings

152

(1)

Notes

152

(4)

Political Socialization, Public Opinion, and Participation

156

(46)

Introduction: Social Security: The Public Takes a Stand

157

(4)

The Development of Political Orientations and Attitudes

161

(10)

Genetic Predispositions

161

(1)

The Socialization Process

162

(5)

Agents of Political Socialization

167

(4)

Political Belief Systems

171

(8)

Liberalism and Conservatism

171

(3)

Beliefs About Democratic Government

174

(5)

Public Opinion and Democratic Governance

179

(7)

Determining Public Opinion

183

(2)

The Hazards of Polling

185

(1)

Public Knowledge

186

(2)

Public Opinion and Political Participation

188

(4)

Polities in Action: Public Opinion and Operation Iraqi Freedom

192

(2)

Summary

194

(2)

Key Terms

196

(1)

Discussion Questions

196

(1)

Topics for Debate

196

(1)

Where on the Web?

197

(1)

Selected Readings

197

(1)

Notes

198

(4)

Political Interest Groups

202

(34)

Introduction: Lobbying for Firearms: The Power of the NRA

203

(3)

Individuals, Groups, and Society

206

(1)

The Origins and Evolution of Political Interest Groups

207

(3)

Theories of Group Formation

207

(1)

The Proliferation of Group Activities

208

(2)

Sources of Group Influence

210

(3)

Electoral Activity

213

(4)

Lobbying

217

(11)

Types of Lobbying

218

(2)

Targets of Lobbying

220

(4)

Changes in Lobbying and Lobbyists

224

(2)

Regulation of Lobbying

226

(2)

Consequences of the Group Struggle

228

(2)

Politics in Action: The Struggle Between the Forces of Energy and the Environment

230

(2)

Summary

232

(1)

Key Terms

233

(1)

Discussion Questions

233

(1)

Topics for Debate

233

(1)

Where on the Web?

233

(1)

Selected Readings

234

(1)

Notes

234

(2)

Political Parties

236

(40)

Introduction: The Politicalization of the Christian Coalition

237

(2)

The Nature of American Political Parties

239

(5)

The Major Parties

240

(1)

Minor Parties

241

(3)

A Brief History of the Two-Party System

244

(10)

The Development of National Parties, 1789--1824

245

(1)

The Regionalization of Parties, 1828--1852

246

(1)

The Civil War and Its Aftermath, 1856--1892

247

(1)

The Republican Era, 1896--1928

247

(3)

The Roosevelt Realignment, 1932--1968

250

(1)

The Composition of the Major Parties Today

250

(4)

Party Organization

254

(6)

The National Level

254

(3)

The State Level

257

(1)

The Local Level

258

(2)

Parties and Elections

260

(2)

Primary Elections

260

(1)

Modern Campaigns

261

(1)

Parties and Governance

262

(6)

Determining the Party's Positions

262

(1)

Converting Positions into Public Policy

263

(1)

Partisan Influence on the Legislature

264

(1)

Partisan Influence on the Executive and the Judiciary

265

(3)

Politics in Action: Reforming the Ways in Which the Major Parties Choose Their Presidential Nominees

268

(2)

Summary

270

(1)

Key Terms

271

(1)

Discussion Questions

271

(1)

Topics for Debate

272

(1)

Where on the Web?

272

(1)

Selected Readings

273

(1)

Notes

273

(3)

Campaigns and Elections

276

(48)

Introduction: The Electorate Decides

277

(3)

Issues of Democratic Elections

280

(7)

Suffrage: Who Should Be Able to Vote?

280

(1)

How Should Elections Be Structured and Conducted?

281

(2)

Should Citizens Be Able to Spend as Much as They Desire in Political Campaigns?

283

(4)

The American Voter

287

(5)

Who Votes and Why?

288

(2)

Why Do People Vote in Certain Identifiable Ways?

290

(1)

Models of Decision Making

291

(1)

The Campaign for Office

292

(14)

The Presidential Nomination Process

292

(5)

The Presidential Election

297

(1)

Nonpresidential Nominations and Elections

298

(8)

Direct Democracy: Initiatives and Referenda

306

(1)

Assessing the Meaning of Elections

307

(6)

Contemporary Presidential Elections

307

(5)

Congressional Elections

312

(1)

Elections and Governance

313

(2)

Politics in Action: Bush v. Gore---The Issues and Who Really Won

315

(2)

Summary

317

(2)

Key Terms

319

(1)

Discussion Questions

319

(1)

Topics for Debate

319

(1)

Where on the Web?

319

(1)

Selected Readings

320

(1)

Notes

320

(4)

Media and Politics

324

(44)

Introduction: News Coverage of the War in Iraq

325

(2)

The Role of the News Media

327

(6)

Democracy and a Free Press

328

(3)

Capitalism and a Fair Press

331

(2)

A Brief History of the News Media in America

333

(11)

Print Media: Newspapers

333

(1)

Electronic Media

334

(10)

Politics and the News Media

344

(8)

The News Slant

344

(4)

Manipulation of the News

348

(2)

The Effect of the Media on Electoral Politics

350

(2)

Government and the News Media

352

(4)

Coverage of the President

353

(1)

Coverage of Congress

354

(1)

Coverage of the Judiciary

355

(1)

The Effect of the News Media on People and Their Government

356

(3)

Politics in Action: Private Behavior and the Public Interest

359

(3)

Summary

362

(1)

Key Terms

363

(1)

Discussion Questions

363

(1)

Topics for Debate

363

(1)

Where on the Web?

364

(1)

Selected Readings

364

(1)

Notes

364

(4)

Congress

368

(44)

Introduction: President Bush Proposes a Faith-Based Initiative to a Republican Congress

369

(2)

The Institution of Congress

371

(5)

The Members of Congress

372

(1)

The Work Environment

372

(4)

The Organization of Congress

376

(8)

Congressional Parties

377

(2)

Party Politics in Congress

379

(2)

The Committee System

381

(3)

The Functions of Congress

384

(18)

Legislation

384

(8)

Representation

392

(3)

Administrative Oversight

395

(7)

Congressional Reform and Its Effect on American Democracy

402

(2)

Politics in Action: The Case of the Killed Crusader

404

(3)

Summary

407

(1)

Key Terms

408

(1)

Discussion Questions

408

(1)

Topics for Debate

409

(1)

Where on the Web?

409

(1)

Selected Readings

409

(1)

Notes

410

(2)

The Presidency

412

(46)

Introduction: Gaining Power from Congress: The President's ``Fast-track'' Authority

413

(2)

The Powers of the Presidency

415

(9)

Constitutional Authority

416

(1)

The Evolution of Presidential Authority

416

(8)

Political Power

424

(5)

Going Public

425

(4)

The Institutional Presidency

429

(12)

The Executive Office of the President

430

(6)

Significant Others

436

(5)

The Personal Dimension

441

(4)

Physical Health

441

(1)

Character

442

(1)

Managerial Style

443

(1)

Cognition

443

(2)

Presidential Policymaking

445

(3)

Setting the Agenda

445

(1)

Getting It Enacted into Legislation

446

(1)

Implementing Policy in the Executive Branch

446

(2)

Politics in Action: Presidential Decision Making on the War in Iraq

448

(4)

Summary

452

(1)

Key Terms

453

(1)

Discussion Questions

453

(1)

Topics for Debate

454

(1)

Where on the Web?

454

(1)

Selected Readings

455

(1)

Notes

455

(3)

The Federal Bureaucracy

458

(38)

Introduction: Harvey Pitt and the Security and Exchange Commission

459

(2)

The Organization of the Federal Bureaucracy

461

(10)

Types of Organizational Structures

461

(6)

Staffing the Bureaucracy

467

(2)

The Executive Bureaucracy in Perspective

469

(2)

Functions of the Executive Bureaucracy

471

(12)

Implementation

472

(3)

Policymaking

475

(3)

Determinants of Bureaucratic Influence

478

(5)

Problems of Performance and Accountability

483

(6)

Legal Controls

484

(1)

Legislative Checks

484

(2)

Press Scrutiny

486

(1)

Popular Participation

486

(1)

Reform

487

(1)

The Adequacy of Controls

488

(1)

Politics in Action: Why Is Smokey the Bear Crying?

489

(3)

Summary

492

(2)

Key Terms

494

(1)

Discussion Questions

494

(1)

Topics for Debate

494

(1)

Where on the Web?

495

(1)

Selected Readings

495

(1)

Notes

495

(1)

The Judiciary

496

(36)

Introduction: The Supreme Court Decides and Divides: Cross Burning and Free Speech

497

(2)

Judicial Federalism

499

(5)

Federal Courts

499

(2)

District Courts

501

(1)

Appellate Courts

501

(1)

State Courts

501

(3)

The Power of Judicial Review

504

(6)

Political Questions

506

(1)

Judicial Review and Political Influence

507

(1)

Judicial Activism Versus Self-Restraint

508

(2)

How Judges Are Chosen

510

(5)

Appointment of Supreme Court Justices

512

(1)

Packing the Court

512

(3)

The Supreme Court

515

(5)

The Court's Caseload

515

(1)

Deciding What to Decide

516

(1)

Hearing and Discussing Cases

517

(1)

Writing Opinions

517

(3)

The Politics of Judicial Policymaking

520

(4)

Politics in Action: The Case of the Unconfirmed Judge

524

(3)

Summary

527

(1)

Key Terms

528

(1)

Discussion Questions

528

(1)

Topics for Debate

529

(1)

Where on the Web?

529

(1)

Selected Readings

529

(1)

Notes

530

(2)

Domestic Policy

532

(46)

Introduction: Making Public Policy: The Case of Prescription Drugs

533

(2)

Types of Policy

535

(2)

Impact-Based Classification

536

(1)

Stages of Policy Development

537

(5)

Problem Recognition

537

(1)

Policy Formulation and Adoption: Iron Triangles and Issue Networks

538

(2)

Policy Implementation

540

(1)

Policy Evaluation

541

(1)

Policy Reconsideration or Termination

542

(1)

Politics and the Policy Process

542

(5)

Incrementalism

542

(1)

Major Policy Shifts

543

(1)

Mixed Results

544

(3)

Education Policy

547

(4)

Education in America: An Overview

547

(1)

Education Policy in the 1980s and 1990s

548

(2)

Education Policy in the Twenty-First Century

550

(1)

Health and Social Welfare Policy

551

(10)

Social Welfare Programs: An Overview

553

(1)

Social Insurance

554

(2)

Unemployment Insurance

556

(1)

Public Assistance

557

(1)

The Politics of Social Welfare

558

(3)

Housing Policy

561

(3)

Housing Policy in the 1980s and 1990s

562

(1)

Housing in the Twenty-First Century

563

(1)

Environmental and Energy Policy

564

(9)

Clean Water

566

(1)

Clean Air

567

(1)

Energy Policy

568

(5)

Politics in Action: Where Do We Put Nuclear Waste?

573

(1)

Summary

574

(1)

Key Terms

575

(1)

Discussion Questions

575

(1)

Topics for Debate

576

(1)

Where on the Web?

576

(1)

Selected Readings

576

(1)

Notes

577

(1)

International and National Security Policy

578

(38)

Introduction: Weapons of Mass Destruction: Credible or Uncredible Threat?

579

(2)

Foreign and Defense Policymaking

581

(17)

The Conflict--Consensus Quandary in National Security Policy

581

(1)

Foreign and National Security Policymakers

582

(7)

Personal Diplomacy and Summit Meetings

589

(2)

Treaties and Executive Agreements

591

(1)

Participation in International Organizations

592

(1)

Intelligence, Spying, and Covert Operations

593

(1)

Armed Forces and National Security

594

(4)

The Evolution of National Security Policy

598

(10)

The Cold War

599

(1)

Nuclear Deterrence

600

(1)

Foreign Economic and Military Aid

601

(1)

Alliances

602

(1)

Military Force

602

(1)

Postcommunism and the Era of Uncertainty

603

(1)

The Fading of Communism

604

(1)

The Fracturing of Nation--States

604

(1)

Economic Interdependence

605

(3)

Terrorism and the New Demands of National Security Policy

608

(2)

Politics in Action: To Intervene or Not: The Cases of Bosnia and Rwanda

610

(1)

Summary

611

(2)

Key Terms

613

(1)

Discussion Questions

613

(1)

Topics for Debate

613

(1)

Where on the Web?

613

(1)

Selected Readings

614

(1)

Notes

614

(2)

Appendix A The Declaration of Independence

616

(2)

Appendix B The Constitution of the United States of America

618

(11)

Appendix C From The Federalist Nos. 10 and 51

629

(5)

Appendix D Presidential Elections

634

(8)

Appendix E Party Control of Congress, 1901--2006

642

(2)

Appendix F United States Supreme Court Justices, 1789--2006

644

(3)

Glossary

647

(14)

Index

661

Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

Conflict and Consensus in American Politics

Conflict and Consensus in American Politics

9780534249922

0534249922

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Write a Review

Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

Conflict and Consensus in American Politics

Conflict and Consensus in American Politics

9780534249922

0534249922

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Write a Review

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