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| The Clinician and the Therapeutic Process | |
| Chapter Objectives | |
| The Effective Clinician | |
| The Importance of the Clinician | |
| Clinician Attitudes About Stuttering and People Who Stutter | |
| Investigations of Clinical Preparation | |
| How Clinicians Interpret the Disorder | |
| Clinician Personality Attributes | |
| Clinician Intervention Skills | ... MORE |
| Becoming Less Inhibited as a Clinician | |
| Avoiding Dogmatic Decisions | |
| Opening Your Treatment Focus | |
| Calibrating to the Client | |
| Observing Silence | |
| Modeling Risk Taking | |
| Challenging the Client | |
| Developing Expertise: Implications for Clinicians | |
| Decision Making with Rules and Principles | |
| Specialty Recognition in Fluency Disorders | |
| Humor and the Clinician | |
| An Historical Perspective | |
| Acknowledging Humor During Therapeutic Change | |
| The Conceptual Shift | |
| Distancing With Humor | |
| Mastery and Humor | |
| Conclusion | |
| Topics for Discussion | |
| Recommended Readings | |
| The Nature of Fluent and Nonfluent Speech: The Onset of Stuttering | |
| Chapter Objectives | |
| The Characteristics of Normal Fluency | |
| Fluency in Adult Speakers | |
| Defining Stuttering and Related Terms | |
| Definitions of Stuttering | |
| Distinguishing Stuttering from Normal Fluency Breaks | |
| The Speakers Loss of Control | |
| The Fluency Breaks of Children | |
| Characteristics at the Onset of Stuttering | |
| Age and Gender | |
| Rate and Uniformity of Onset | |
| Stuttering-Like Disfluencies | |
| Clustering of Disfluencies | |
| Awareness and Reaction of the Child to Disfluency | |
| Conditions Contributing to Onset | |
| More Influential Factors | |
| Age | |
| Gender | |
| Genetic Factors | |
| Twinning | |
| Cognitive Abilities | |
| Motor Abilities | |
| Speech and Language Development | |
| Response to Emotional Events | |
| Less Influential Factors | |
| Physical Development and Illness | |
| Culture, Nationality and Socioeconomic Status | |
| Bilingualism | |
| Imitation | |
| Conclusion | |
| Topics for Discussion | |
| Recommended Readings | |
| An Historical Perspective of Etiologies | |
| Chapter Objectives | |
| Stereotypes of People who Stutter | |
| The Variety of the People We See | |
| Theories of Etiology - An Historical Perspective | |
| Stuttering as a Symptom of Repressed Internal Conflict | |
| Evidence from Empirical Investigations | |
| Stuttering as a Learned Anticipatory Struggle | |
| The Diagnosogenic Theory | |
| Evidence from Empirical Investigations | |
| The Continuity Hypothesis | |
| Modes of Stuttering as an Operant Behavior | |
| Evidence from Empirical Investigations | |
| Problems with the Speakers Anatomical and Physiological Systems | |
| The Possibility of Cerebral Asymmetry | |
| Evidence from Empirical Investigations | |
| The Wada Test | |
| Dichotic Listening Procedures | |
| Electroencephalography (EEG) and Event +Related Potentials (ERPs) | |
| Evidence of Cerebral Asymmetry from Neuroimaging Studies | |
| Structural and Functional Neuroimaging | |
| Indications of Structural Differences | |
| Indications of Functional Differences | |
| Changes in Asymmetry as the Result of Fluency-Inducing Activities and Treatment | |
| Summary of Neuroimaging Evidence | |
| Disruption of Cognitive-Linguistic and Motor Sequencing Processes | |
| The Modified Vocalization Hypothesis | |
| Evidence from Empirical Investigations | |
| The Dual Premotor Systems Hypothesis | |
| Evidence from Empirical Investigations | |
| The Covert Repair Hypotheses | |
| Evidence from Empirical Investigations | |
| The Execution and Planning (EXPLAN) Model | |
| Evidence from Empirical Investigations | |
| Cybergenic and Feedback Models | |
| Evidence from Empirical Investigations | |
| Multifactorial Theories | |
| The Demands and Capacities Model | |
| The Dynamic-Multifactorial Model | |
| The Neurophysiological Model | |
| Evidence from the Human Genome | |
| Conclusion | |
| Topics for Discussion | |
| Recommended Readings | |
| The Assessment Process with Adolescents and Adults | |
| Chapter Objectives | |
| Fundamental Considerations | |
| Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved. |