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Cities And Urban Life

ISBN: 9780132260404 | 0132260409
Edition: 5th
Format: Paperback
Publisher: Prentice Hall
Pub. Date: 1/1/2010

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SummaryTable of Contents
For Urban Sociology, Urban Political Economy, Urban Anthropology, and Urban Studies courses taught out of the sociology, political science and urban studies departments.Cities and Urban Life, authored by two of the best-known textbook writers in the field, provides a comprehensive introduction to urban sociology, urban anthropology, and urban studies courses. Primarily sociological in approach, this book incorporates historical, social, psychological, geographical, and anthropological insights. While strong in the classical urban sociology, it ... MORE
Special Featuresxvii
Prefacexx
PART I UNDERSTANDING THE CITY
Exploring the City
1(23)
... MORE2(1)
The Complexity of the City: Various Perspectives
3(12)
The City in History
3(4)
The Emergence of Urban Sociology
7(1)
Social Psychology: The Urban Experience
7(1)
Urban Geography and Ecology
7(3)
Comparative Urbanism: The City and Culture
10(4)
The New Urban Sociology: The City and Capitalism
14(1)
The Anatomy of Modern North American Cities
15(4)
The City in World Perspective
19(1)
Urban Sociology and the Quality of City Life
20(3)
Key Terms
23(1)
PART II HISTORY OF CITIES AND NEW TRENDS
The Origins and Development of the World's Cities
24(33)
Urban Origins
25(6)
Archaeology: Digging the Early City
25(1)
The First Permanent Settlements
26(1)
The City Emerges
27(4)
The First Urban Revolution: City-States and Urban Empires
31(15)
The Near East: Mesopotamia and Egypt
32(3)
The Indus Region
35(2)
A Glance Eastward: China
37(1)
A Glance Westward: The Americas
37(1)
Summary: Traits of Early Cities
38(2)
Crete and Greece
40(1)
Rome
40(2)
Decline: The Middle Ages
42(1)
Revival: Medieval and Renaissance Cities
43(3)
The Second Urban Revolution: The Rise of Modern Cities
46(8)
Case Study: London---The History of a World City
47(1)
Beginnings: 55 B.C.E--1066 C.E.
48(1)
The Medieval City: 1066--1550
49(1)
The World City Emerges: 1550--1800
50(1)
Industrialization and Colonization: 1800--1900
51(1)
The Modern Era: 1900 to the Present
52(2)
Summary
54(2)
Conclusion
56(1)
Key Terms
56(1)
The Development of North American Cities
57(35)
The Colonial Era: 1600--1800
58(2)
Colonial City Characteristics
58(2)
The City--Instigated Revolutionary War
60(1)
Growth and Expansion: 1800--1870
60(3)
The Beginnings of Industrialization
61(1)
Urban--Rural/North--South Tensions
62(1)
The Era of the Great Metropolis: 1870--1950
63(4)
Technological Advance
63(1)
Suburbs and the Gilded Age
64(1)
The Great Migration
65(1)
Politics and Problems
66(1)
The Quality of Life in the New Metropolis
67(1)
The North American City Today: 1950 to the Present
67(9)
Decentralization
68(5)
The Sunbelt Expansion
73(3)
The Coming of the Postindustrial City
76(4)
Deterioration and Regeneration
76(3)
The Future
79(1)
The Human Cost of Economic Restructuring
79(1)
Case Study: New York---The ``Big Apple''
80(10)
The Colonial Era
82(1)
Growth and Expansion
83(1)
The Great Metropolis Emerges
83(3)
New York Today
86(4)
Summary
90(1)
Conclusion
91(1)
Key Terms
91(1)
Cities and Suburbs of the Twenty-First Century
92(33)
Urban and Suburban Sprawl
93(11)
What Is Sprawl?
93(2)
Why Do We Have Sprawl?
95(1)
Where Does Sprawl Occur?
95(1)
The Problems of Sprawl
95(6)
Solutions to Sprawl
101(3)
Exurbs
104(1)
The New Cities
104(9)
Characteristics and Commonalities
106(1)
Types of Edge Cities
106(1)
Evolving Middle-Class Centers
107(1)
Three Edge City Variations
107(6)
Gated Communities
113(3)
Types of Gated Communities
114(1)
A Sense of Community
115(1)
Common-Interest Developments
116(3)
Case Study: Portland, Oregon
119(3)
The Physical Setting
119(1)
History
120(1)
Urban Decline and the Planners' Response to Sprawl
120(1)
Portland Today
121(1)
Summary
122(1)
Conclusion
123(1)
Key Terms
124(1)
PART III DISCIPLINARY PERSPECTIVES
Urban Sociology: Classic and Modern Statements
125(29)
The European Tradition: 1846--1921
128(10)
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels: From Barbarism to Civilization
128(1)
Ferdinand Tonnies: From Gemeinschaft to Gesellschaft
128(3)
Emile Durkheim: Mechanical and Organic Solidarity
131(1)
Georg Simmel: The Mental Life of the Metropolis
132(3)
Max Weber: The Historical and Comparative Study of Cities
135(2)
The European Tradition: An Evaluation
137(1)
Urban Sociology in North America: 1915--1970
138(7)
Robert Park and Sociology at the University of Chicago
139(2)
Louis Wirth and Urban Theory
141(3)
Herbert Gans and the Urban Mosaic
144(1)
Wirth and Gans: A Comparison
144(1)
The Classic Theories and Modern Research: Myths and Realities
145(7)
Tolerance in the City
146(1)
Impersonality in the City
146(2)
Density and Urban Pathology
148(2)
Urban Malaise
150(2)
The New Urban Sociology
152(1)
Summary
152(1)
Conclusion
153(1)
Key Terms
153(1)
Social Psychology: The Urban Experience
154(30)
The Physical Environment
155(7)
Kevin Lynch: The Image of the City
155(3)
Stanley Milgram: More on Mental Maps
158(4)
The Social Environment: Gesellschaft
162(8)
The Pedestrian: Watching Your Step
163(1)
A World of Strangers
164(3)
Class, Race, and the Urban Experience
167(1)
The City as Gesellschaft: A Reassessment
168(2)
The Social Environment: Gemeinschaft
170(7)
Urban Networks
171(5)
Identifying with the City
176(1)
The City as Gemeinschaft: A Reassessment
177(1)
The Texture of the City
177(3)
Humanizing the City
180(3)
Summary
183(1)
Conclusion
183(1)
Key Terms
183(1)
Geography and Spatial Perspectives: Making Sense of Space
184(27)
Urban Geography
185(7)
The Location of Cities
186(2)
Why Cities Are Where They Are
188(4)
The Shape of the City
192(2)
The Radiocentric City
192(1)
The Gridiron City
193(1)
Urban Ecology: The Chicago School
194(4)
The Ecological Theory of Urban Development
194(2)
The Concentric Zone Hypothesis
196(2)
Criticisms of the Chicago School
198(1)
Urban Ecology: Other Theories
198(9)
The Sector Theory
198(2)
The Multiple Nuclei Theory
200(2)
Social Area Analysis
202(1)
Factorial Ecology
203(4)
The Los Angeles School and Postmodernism
207(2)
Summary
209(1)
Conclusion
209(1)
Key Terms
210(1)
Comparative Urbanism: The City and Culture
211(31)
The City and the Countryside
212(6)
Interdependencies
212(2)
Urban Dominance
214(4)
The City and Civilization
218(3)
Oswald Spengler: The ``Soul'' of the City
218(1)
Lewis Mumford: The City as the Center of Civilization
219(2)
Daniel J. Monti: The Civic Culture of the City
221(1)
The City and Societal Culture
221(1)
Case Study: Ming Peking
222(4)
Physical Structure
222(1)
Symbolism
223(3)
Case Study: Hellenic Athens
226(3)
The Preclassical Period
226(1)
The Golden Age
227(1)
Behind the Glory
228(1)
Ming Peking and Athens: A Comparison
229(1)
The Culture of Capitalism and the City
229(6)
The Capitalist City
231(1)
The Industrial Revolution
231(1)
Urban Life as Economics
232(1)
Assets and Debits
233(2)
Case Study: Communist Beijing
235(4)
The Emergence of Modern Beijing
236(1)
Urban Life as Politics
237(1)
The Difficulties of Urban Life
237(1)
Economic Reform
238(1)
A Rising Consumerism
238(1)
Summary
239(1)
Conclusion
240(1)
Key Terms
241(1)
The New Urban Sociology: The City and Capitalism
242(32)
Urban Economics: The Traditional Perspective
243(6)
Central Place Theory
243(3)
The General Pattern of Land Use
246(1)
Criticisms of the Basic Theory
247(2)
Political Economy: The ``New'' Perspective
249(8)
Henri Lefebvre: Redefining the Study of Cities
249(2)
Urban Areas as Themed Environments
251(1)
David Harvey: The Baltimore Study
251(2)
Manuel Castells: Updating Marx
253(1)
Allen Scott: Business Location and the Global Economy
254(1)
Horizontal Integration
254(1)
John Logan and Harvey Molotch: Urban Growth Machines
255(2)
The Global Economy
257(6)
Deindustrialization
257(1)
Economic Restructuring
258(1)
A World System
258(5)
Urban Political Economy: Four Principles
263(1)
The Urbanization of Poverty
264(7)
The Developing World
265(2)
The Developed World
267(4)
Summary
271(1)
Conclusion
272(1)
Key Terms
273(1)
PART IV THE STRUCTURE OF THE CITY
Stratification and Social Class: Urban and Suburban Lifestyles
274(31)
Social Stratification
275(9)
Social Class Distinctions
276(3)
Income Distribution Nationwide
279(1)
Incomes Within and Outside Cities
280(1)
Poverty Nationwide
280(1)
Poverty Within and Outside Cities
281(1)
A Cautionary Note
282(2)
Urban Social Class Diversity
284(13)
Upper-Class Urban Neighborhoods
284(2)
Middle-Class Urban Neighborhoods
286(4)
Working-Class Urban Neighborhoods
290(3)
Mixed-Income Urban Neighborhoods
293(2)
Low-Income Urban Neighborhoods
295(2)
The Homeless
297(1)
Suburban Social Class Diversity
297(6)
Upper-Income Suburbs
297(1)
Middle-Income Suburbs
298(2)
Working-Class Suburbs
300(1)
Suburban Cosmopolitan Centers
300(1)
Minority Suburbs
300(3)
Summary
303(1)
Conclusion
304(1)
Key Terms
304(1)
Race, Ethnicity, and Gender: Urban Diversity
305(35)
Cities and Immigrants
306(4)
Ethnic Enclaves and Ethnic Identity
307(1)
Ethnic Change
307(3)
Racial and Ethnic Minorities
310(15)
African Americans
310(6)
Asian Americans
316(2)
Hispanic Americans
318(4)
Muslim Americans
322(1)
Native Americans
323(2)
Women and Urban Life
325(4)
Work
326(2)
Urban Space
328(1)
The Public Sphere
328(1)
Case Study: Chicago, ``City of the Big Shoulders''
329(7)
Early Chicago
329(2)
The Burning and Rebuilding of Chicago
331(1)
Jane Addams and Hull House
331(1)
Chicago in the Early Twentieth Century
332(1)
The Postwar Period
333(2)
Chicago Today
335(1)
Summary
336(3)
Conclusion
339(1)
Key Terms
339(1)
Housing, Education, Crime: Confronting Urban Problems
340(31)
Housing: A Place to Live
341(15)
Adequate Housing: Who Has It?
341(1)
Housing Problems: A Brief History
341(2)
Public Housing
343(3)
Deterioration and Abandonment in the Inner City
346(1)
The Inner City Today: A Revival?
347(4)
The New Urbanism
351(5)
Education: The Urban Challenge
356(4)
Meeting the ``No Child Left Behind'' Challenge
356(2)
Magnet Schools
358(1)
School Vouchers
359(1)
Charter Schools
359(1)
Crime: Perception and Reality
360(9)
Public Perception of Crime
361(2)
Explaining High-Crime Areas
363(2)
Effects of Crime on Everyday Life
365(2)
What Is the Solution?
367(2)
Summary
369(1)
Conclusion
370(1)
Key Terms
370(1)
PART V GLOBAL URBANIZATION
Cities in the Developing World
371(38)
Historical Context
372(20)
Latin American Cities
372(7)
African Cities
379(4)
Middle Eastern Cities
383(4)
Asian Cities
387(4)
Common Legacies
391(1)
The Modern Era
392(12)
Latin American Cities
392(1)
African Cities
393(1)
Middle Eastern Cities
394(1)
Asian Cities
394(8)
Common Problems
402(2)
Summary: World Urbanization in Perspective
404(3)
Conclusion
407(1)
Key Terms
408(1)
PART VI THE PLANNING AND EVALUATION OF CITIES
Planning the Urban Environment
409(32)
Visions
410(1)
City Planning in World History
411(3)
Why Plan?
413(1)
Planning in the Industrial Era: 1800--1900
414(1)
The ``City Beautiful'' Movement
414(1)
``Till We Have Built Jerusalem'': The New Towns Movement
414(10)
A Socialist--Feminist New Town
415(1)
Later New Towns in Great Britain
415(1)
New Towns in Western Europe, Australia, and Brazil
416(2)
New Towns in the United States
418(4)
Have They Worked? Criticisms of New Towns
422(2)
Utopia Unlimited: Architectural Visions
424(4)
Le Corbusier: The Radiant City
424(1)
Frank Lloyd Wright: Broadacre City
425(1)
Paolo Soleri: The Arcology
425(3)
Utopia's Limitations: A Critique
428(1)
Meanwhile . . . Downtown: More Focused Urban Planning
428(4)
Sidewalks, Neighborhoods, and Local Initiative
428(1)
Open Spaces: Squares, Parks, and Architecture
429(1)
Rouse Revisited: The Middle Ground
430(2)
The Realities of Urban Planning
432(2)
Economics and Politics
432(1)
The Difference That Values Make
432(2)
Case Study: Toronto, Ontario
434(4)
The Physical Setting
434(1)
History
434(1)
Creation of a Metropolitan Government
435(1)
Two Phases of Urban Planning
436(1)
Toronto Today
437(1)
Summary
438(2)
Conclusion
440(1)
Key Terms
440(1)
References441(14)
Photo Credits455(2)
Index457

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