Introduction xxvii

Part I: Networking Fundamentals 3

Chapter 1 Introduction to Computer Networking 5

    Perspectives on Networking 5

Chapter 2 The TCP/IP and OSI Networking Models 17

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 17

    Foundation Topics 21

    TCP/IP Networking Model 21

   Exam Preparation Tasks 43

Chapter 3 Fundamentals of LANs 47

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 47

    Foundation Topics 51

    An Overview of Modern Ethernet LANs 51

    A Brief History of Ethernet 54

    Ethernet UTP Cabling 58

    Improving Performance by Using Switches Instead of Hubs 64

    Ethernet Data-Link Protocols 69

    Review All the Key Topics 75

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 75

    Definitions of Key Terms 75

Chapter 4 Fundamentals of WANs 77

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 77

    Foundation Topics 80

    OSI Layer 1 for Point-to-Point WANs 80

    OSI Layer 2 for Point-to-Point WANs 89

    Frame Relay and Packet-Switching Services 9

    Exam Preparation Tasks 97

    Review All the Key Topics 97

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 97

    Definitions of Key Terms 97

Chapter 5 Fundamentals of IPv4 Addressing and Routing 99

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 99

    Foundation Topics 104

    Overview of Network Layer Functions 104

    IP Addressing 111

    IP Routing 120

    Network Layer Utilities 127

    Exam Preparation Tasks 132

    Review All the Key Topics 132

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 133

    Definitions of Key Terms 133

Chapter 6 Fundamentals of TCP/IP Transport, Applications, and Security 135

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 135

    Foundation Topics 139

    TCP/IP Layer 4 Protocols: TCP and UDP 139

    Network Security 159

    Exam Preparation Tasks 169

    Review All the Key Topics 169

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 169

    Definitions of Key Terms 169

Part II: LAN Switching 171

Chapter 7 Ethernet LAN Switching Concepts 173

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 173

    Foundation Topics 177

    LAN Switching Concepts 177

    LAN Design Considerations 189

    Exam Preparation Tasks 200

    Review All the Key Topics 200

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 200

    Definitions of Key Terms 201

Chapter 8 Operating Cisco LAN Switches 203

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 203

    Foundation Topics 206

    Accessing the Cisco Catalyst 2960 Switch CLI 206

    Configuring Cisco IOS Software 220

    Exam Preparation Tasks 232

    Review All the Key Topics 232

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 232

    Definitions of Key Terms 232

    Command References 232

Chapter 9 Ethernet Switch Configuration 237

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 237

    Foundation Topics 241

    Configuration of Features in Common with Routers 241

    LAN Switch Configuration and Operation 254

    Exam Preparation Tasks 267

    Review All the Key Topics 267

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 267

    Definitions of Key Terms 268

    Command References 268

Chapter 10 Ethernet Switch Troubleshooting 273

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 273

    Foundation Topics 277

    Perspectives on Network Verification and Troubleshooting 277

    Verifying the Network Topology with Cisco Discovery Protocol 283

    Analyzing Layer 1 and 2 Interface Status 288

    Analyzing the Layer 2 Forwarding Path with the MAC Address Table 295

    Exam Preparation Tasks 301

    Review All the Key Topics 301

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 301

    Definitions of Key Terms 301

    Command References 301

Chapter 11 Wireless LANs 305

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 305

    Foundation Topics 308

    Wireless LAN Concepts 308

    Deploying WLANs 321

    Wireless LAN Security 326

    Exam Preparation Tasks 333

    Review All the Key Topics 333

Part III: IPv4 Addressing and Subnetting 335

Chapter 12 Perspectives on IPv4 Subnetting 337

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 337

    Foundation Topics 340

    Introduction to Subnetting 340

    Make Design Choices 349

    Plan the Implementation 360

    Exam Preparation Tasks 364

    Review All the Key Topics 364

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 364

    Definitions of Key Terms 364

Chapter 13 Analyzing Classful IPv4 Networks 367

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 367

    Foundation Topics 369

    Classful Network Concepts 369

    Practice with Classful Networks 376

    Exam Preparation Tasks 379

    Review All the Key Topics 379

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 379

    Definitions of Key Terms 379

    Practice 379

Chapter 14 Converting Subnet Masks 383

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 383

    Foundation Topics 366

    Subnet Mask Conversion 386

    Practice Converting Subnet Masks 391

    Exam Preparation Tasks 393

    Review All the Key Topics 393

    Definitions of Key Terms 393

    Practice 393

Chapter 15 Analyzing Existing Subnet Masks 397

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 397

    Foundation Topics 400

    Defining the Format of IPv4 Addresses 400

    Calculations Based on the IPv4 Address Format 403

    Practice Analyzing Subnet Masks 405

    Exam Preparation Tasks 408

    Review All the Key Topics 408

    Definitions of Key Terms 408

    Practice 408

    Answers to Earlier Practice Problems 408

Chapter 16 Designing Subnet Masks 411

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 411

    Foundation Topics 414

    Choosing the Mask(s) to Meet Requirements 414

    Practice Choosing Subnet Masks 422

    Exam Preparation Tasks 424

    Review All the Key Topics 424

    Definitions of Key Terms 424

    Practice 424

Chapter 17 Analyzing Existing Subnets 427

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 427

    Foundation Topics 430

    Defining a Subnet 430

    Analyzing Existing Subnets: Binary 434

    Analyzing Existing Subnets: Decimal 442

Practice Analyzing Existing Subnets 451

    Exam Preparation Tasks 453

    Review All the Key Topics 453

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 453

    Definitions of Key Terms 453

    Practice 454

Chapter 18 Finding All Subnet IDs 459

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 459

    Foundation Topics 462

    Finding All Subnet IDs 462

    A Formal Process with Less Than 8 Subnet Bits 464

    Practice Finding All Subnet IDs 472

    Exam Preparation Tasks 474

    Review All the Key Topics 474

    Definitions of Key Terms 474

    Answers to Earlier Practice Problems 474

Part IV: IPv4 Routing 479

Chapter 19 Operating Cisco Routers 481

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 481

    Foundation Topics 485

    Installing Cisco Routers 485

    Cisco Router IOS CLI 491

    Upgrading Cisco IOS Software and the Cisco IOS Software Boot Process 502

    Exam Preparation Tasks 513

    Review All the Key Topics 513

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 513

    Definitions of Key Terms 514

    Read Appendix J Scenario 2 514

    Command References 514

Chapter 20 Routing Protocol Concepts and Configuration 517

“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 517

    Foundation Topics 521

    Connected and Static Routes 521

    Connected Routes 521

    RIP-2 Basic Concepts 531

    Configuring and Verifying RIP-2 538

    Exam Preparation Tasks 549

    Review All the Key Topics 549

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 549

    Definitions of Key Terms 550

    Command References 550

Chapter 21 Troubleshooting IP Routing 553

“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 553

    Foundation Topics 557

    IP Troubleshooting Tips and Tools 557

    A Routing Troubleshooting Scenario 573

    Exam Preparation Tasks 587

    Review All the Key Topics 587

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 588

    Command Reference 588

Part V: Wide-Area Networks 591

Chapter 22 WAN Concepts 593

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 593

    Foundation Topics 596

    WAN Technologies 596

     IP Services for Internet Access 610

    Exam Preparation Tasks 618

    Review All the Key Topics 618

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 618

    Definitions of Key Terms 619

Chapter 23 WAN Configuration 621

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 621

    Foundation Topics 624

    Configuring Point-to-Point WANs 624

    Configuring and Troubleshooting Internet Access Routers 628

    Exam Preparation Tasks 642

    Review All the Key Topics 642

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 642

    Definitions of Key Terms 642

    Command References 642

Part VI: Final Preparation 645

Chapter 24 Final Preparation 647

    Tools for Final Preparation 647

    Study Plan 651

    Summary 655

Part VII: Appendixes 657

Appendix A Answers to the “Do I Know This Already?” Quizzes 659

Appendix B Numeric Reference Tables 681

Appendix C ICND1 Exam Updates: Version 1.0 689

Glossary 693

Part VIII: DVD-Only

Appendix D Practice for Chapter 13: Analyzing Classful IPv4 Networks

Appendix E Practice for Chapter 14: Converting Subnet Masks

Appendix F Practice for Chapter 15: Analyzing Existing Subnet Masks

Appendix G Practice for Chapter 16: Designing Subnet Masks

Appendix H Practice for Chapter 17: Analyzing Existing Subnets

Appendix I Practice for Chapter 18: Finding All Subnet IDs

Appendix J Additional Scenarios

Appendix K Subnetting Video Reference

Appendix L Memory Tables

Appendix M Memory Tables Answer Key

Appendix N ICND1 Open-Ended Questions

ICND2:
   Introduction xxv

Part I: LAN Switching 3

Chapter 1 Virtual LANs 5

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 5

    Foundation Topics 9

    Virtual LAN Concepts 10

    VLAN and VLAN Trunking Configuration and Verification 23

    VTP Configuration and Verification 38

    Exam Preparation Tasks 53

    Review All the Key Topics 53

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 54

    Definitions of Key Terms 54

    Command Reference to Check Your Memory 54

Chapter 2 Spanning Tree Protocol 57

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 57

    Foundation Topics 61

    Spanning Tree Protocol (IEEE 802.1d) 61

Rapid STP (IEEE 802.1w) 78

    RSTP Link and Edge Types 79

    STP Configuration and Verification 86

    STP Troubleshooting 98

    Exam Preparation Tasks 105

    Review All the Key Topics 105

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 106

    Definitions of Key Terms 106

    Command Reference to Check Your Memory 106

Chapter 3 Troubleshooting LAN Switching 109

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 109

    Foundation Topics 110

    Generalized Troubleshooting Methodologies 110

    Troubleshooting the LAN Switching Data Plane 117

    Predicting Normal Operation of the LAN Switching Data Plane 147

    Exam Preparation Tasks 155

    Review All the Key Topics 155

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 155

Part II: IP Routing 157

Chapter 4 IP Routing: Static and Connected Routes 159

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 159

    Foundation Topics 162

    IP Routing and Addressing 162

    Routes to Directly Connected Subnets 175

    Static Routes 180

    Exam Preparation Tasks 194

    Review All the Key Topics 194

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 194

    Definitions of Key Terms 195

    Command Reference to Check Your Memory 195

Chapter 5 Variable Length Subnet Masks 199

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 199

    Foundation Topics 202

    VLSM Concepts and Configuration 202

    Finding VLSM Overlaps 205

    Adding a New Subnet to an Existing VLSM Design 208

    Designing a Subnetting Plan Using VLSM 211

    Exam Preparation Tasks 219

    Review All the Key Topics 219

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 219

    Definitions of Key Terms 219

    Read Appendix G Scenarios 220

    Appendix D Practice Problems 220

    Answers to Earlier Practice Problems 220

Chapter 6 Route Summarization 227

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 228

    Foundation Topics 230

    Manual Route Summarization 230

    Review All the Key Topics 245

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 245

    Definitions of Key Terms 245

    Read Appendix G Scenarios 245

    Command Reference to Check Your Memory 246

    Answers to Practice Problems 246

Chapter 7 Basic IP Access Control Lists 251

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 251

    Foundation Topics 254

    IP Access Control List Basics 254

    Standard Numbered IPv4 ACLs 257

    Practice Applying Standard IP ACLs 268

    Exam Preparation Tasks 271

    Review All the Key Topics 271

    Read the Appendix G Scenarios 271

    Definitions of Key Terms 271

    Appendix F Practice Problems 272

    Command Reference to Check Your Memory 272

Chapter 8 Advanced IP Access Control Lists 275

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 276

    Foundation Topics 278

    Extended Numbered IP Access Control Lists 278

    Named ACLs and ACL Editing 288

    Miscellaneous ACL Topics 294

   Exam Preparation Tasks 301

    Review All the Key Topics 301

    Read the Appendix G Scenarios 301

    Definitions of Key Terms 302

    Command Reference to Check Your Memory 302

    Answers to Earlier Practice Problems 303

Chapter 9 Troubleshooting IP Routing 305

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 305

    Foundation Topics 306

    The ping and traceroute Commands 306

    Troubleshooting the Packet Forwarding Process 314

    Troubleshooting Tools and Tips 324

    Exam Preparation Tasks 337

    Review All the Key Topics 337

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 337

    Definitions of Key Terms 337

Part III: Routing Protocols 339

Chapter 10 Routing Protocol Theory 341

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 341

    Foundation Topics 345

    Dynamic Routing Protocol Overview 345

    Distance Vector Routing Protocol Features 354

    Link-State Routing Protocol Features 369

    Exam Preparation Tasks 375

    Review All the Key Topics 375

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 376

    Definitions of Key Terms 376

    Command Reference to Check Your Memory 376

Chapter 11 OSPF 379

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 379

    Foundation Topics 383

    OSPF Protocols and Operation 383

    OSPF Configuration 397

    Exam Preparation Tasks 409

    Review All the Key Topics 409

    Definitions of Key Terms 410

    Command Reference to Check Your Memory 410

Chapter 12 EIGRP 413

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 413

    Foundation Topics 416

    EIGRP Concepts and Operation 416

    EIGRP Configuration and Verification 425

    Exam Preparation Tasks 439

    Review All the Key Topics 439

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 439

    Definitions of Key Terms 440

    Command Reference to Check Your Memory 440

Chapter 13 Troubleshooting Routing Protocols 443

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 443

    Foundation Topics 444

    Neighbor Relationships 454

    Exam Preparation Tasks 464

    Review All the Key Topics 464

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 464

    Command Reference to Check Your Memory 464

Part IV: Wide-Area Networks 467

Chapter 14 Point-to-Point WANs 469

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 469

    Foundation Topics 472

    PPP Concepts 472

    PPP Configuration 478

    Troubleshooting Serial Links 480

    Exam Preparation Tasks 489

    Review All the Key Topics 489

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 489

    Definitions of Key Terms 489

    Command Reference to Check Your Memory 490

Chapter 15 Frame Relay Concepts 493

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 493

    Foundation Topics 497

    Frame Relay Overview 497

    Frame Relay Addressing 505

    Network Layer Concerns with Frame Relay 511

    Controlling Speed and Discards in the Frame Relay Cloud 516

    Exam Preparation Tasks 519

    Review All the Key Topics 519

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 519

    Definitions of Key Terms 520

Chapter 16 Frame Relay Configuration 523

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 523

    Foundation Topics 527

    Frame Relay Configuration and Verification 527

    Frame Relay Troubleshooting 547

    Exam Preparation Tasks 560

    Review All the Key Topics 560

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 560

    Read the Appendix G Scenarios 560

    Command Reference to Check Your Memory 561

Chapter 17 Virtual Private Networks 565

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 565

    Foundation Topics 568

    VPN Fundamentals 568

    IPsec VPNs 571

    SSL VPNs 578

    Exam Preparation Tasks 580

    Review All the Key Topics 580

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 580

    Definitions of Key Terms 580

Part V: Scaling the IP Address Space 583

Chapter 18 Network Address Translation 585

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 585

    Foundation Topics 589

    Perspectives on IPv4 Address Scalability 589

    Network Address Translation Concepts 593

    NAT Configuration and Troubleshooting 602

    Exam Preparation Tasks 613

    Review All the Key Topics 613

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 613

    Definitions of Key Terms 614

    Command Reference to Check Your Memory 614

Chapter 19 IP Version 6 617

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 617

    Foundation Topics 620

    Global Unicast Addressing, Routing, and Subnetting 621

    IPv6 Protocols and Addressing 633

    Configuring IPv6 Routing and Routing Protocols 644

    IPv6 Transition Options 649

    Exam Preparation Tasks 653

    Review All the Key Topics 653

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 654

    Definitions of Key Terms 654

    Command Reference to Check Your Memory 654

Part VI: Final Preparation 657

Chapter 20 Final Preparation 659

    Tools for Final Preparation 659

    Study Plan 663

    Summary 667

Part VII: Part VII: Appendices 669

Appendix A Answers to the “Do I Know This Already?” Quizzes 671

Appendix B Numeric Reference Tables 684

Appendix C ICND2 Exam Updates: Version 1.0 692

Glossary 696

Part VIII: DVD-Only

Appendix D Practice for Chapter 5: Variable Length Subnet Masks

Appendix E Practice for Chapter 6: Route Summarization

Appendix F Practice for Chapter 7: Basic IP Access Control Lists

Appendix G Additional Scenarios

Appendix H Video Scenario Reference

Appendix I ICND1 Chapter 23: WAN Configuration

Appendix J Memory Tables

Appendix K Memory Tables Answer Key

Appendix L ICND2 Open-Ended Questions

CCNA 640-802 Network Simulator, Second Edition

ICND1
Skill Builders
Switch CLI Exec Mode
Switch CLI Configuration Process
(2 Labs)
Router CLI Exec Mode (2 Labs)
Router CLI Configuration Process
Setting Switch Passwords
Configuring Switch IP Settings
Setting Router Passwords
Configuring Router IP Settings
Configuring Local Usernames
Using and Suspending Telnet
Connections
Configuring SSH
Migrating to a New IOS® Image
Setting the Configuration Register
Comparing Configuration Files
Examining the IP Routing Table
Using debug
Testing Using Pings with Hostnames
Ignoring the Startup-config File
Booting a New Router IOS
Terminal History I
Terminal History II
Topology Analysis
Interface Settings (3 Labs)
Switch Forwarding I
Switch IP Connectivity I
VLANs (3 Labs)
Interface Status (4 Labs)
Switch Security (4 Labs)
Configuring IP Addresses (4 Labs)
Connected Routes
Static Routes (4 Labs)
Default Routes
IP Classless
Subnet Zero (2 Labs)
Loopback Interfaces
RIP Configuration (6 Labs)
RIP Verification (2 Labs)
Configuring Hostnames
PC IP Commands (3 Labs)
Serial Link Configuration (4 Labs)
Interface Status (2 Labs)
Configuration Scenarios
The Initial Configuration Dialogue (Setup)
New Job I
Rebuild a Configuration
SSH and Telnet
Switch Interfaces and Forwarding
Switch IP Connectivity
Switch Security
Configuring VLANs
Subnetting and Addressing (3 Labs)
Static Routing (2 Labs)
RIP-2 Configuration (2 Labs)
RIP Auto-summary
Serial Link Configuration I
IP and MAC Address Comparisons
IP Classless
Troubleshooting Scenarios
Switch Forwarding I
Path Analysis I
Port Security
Network Discovery (2 Labs)
IP Addressing and Routing
IP Routing I
Subnetting Exercises
Subnet ID Calculation (11 labs)
IP Address Rejection (11 labs)
IP Route Selection (10 labs)
ICND2
Skill Builders
VLAN Configuration (5 Labs)
VTP Configuration (5 Labs)
Trunking Configuration (4 Labs)
STP Analysis (2 Labs)
STP Configuration (3 Labs)
EtherChannel
IP Addressing (3 Labs)
Traceroute I
Default Route I
Zero Subnet
Switch IP Address
ACL (6 Labs)
Named ACL (3 Labs)
ACL Analysis I
Auto-summary
Routing Analysis I
Traceroute II
EIGRP Serial Configuration (6 Labs)
EIGRP Frame Relay Configuration
(3 Labs)
EIGRP Authentication (2 Labs)
EIGRP Route Tuning (4 Labs)
EIGRP Neighbors (3 Labs)
OSPF Serial Configuration (6 Labs)
OSPF Router ID (2 Labs)
OSPF Frame Relay Configuration (3 Labs)
OSPF Authentication (2 Labs)
OSPF Metric Tuning (3 Labs)
OSPF Neighbors (5 Labs)
Serial Configuration (2 Labs)
Serial Authentication (2 Labs)
Frame Relay Configuration (5 Labs)
Frame Relay Verification (3 Labs)
NAT Configuration (7 Labs)
IPv6 Address Configuration (9 Labs)
IPv6 Routing Configuration (3 Labs)
IPv6 Hostnames
Configuration Scenarios
VTP I
VTP Transparent Mode
VLAN Trunking (2 Labs)
STP Analysis I
STP Configuration II
IP Addressing and Configuration (2 Labs)
IP Default Routing and IP Classless
Default Routes
Standard ACL I
Extended ACL (2 Labs)
OSPF Configuration (3 Labs)
OSPF Metric Manipulation
EIGRP Serial Configuration I
EIGRP Configuration II
EIGRP Metric Manipulation I
EIGRP Variance and Maximum Paths I
Frame Relay Configuration I
Frame Relay Inverse ARP
Frame Relay Correlation
NAT Configuration (2 Labs)
IPv6 Configuration (2 Labs)
Troubleshooting Scenarios
Path Analysis (3 Labs)
Path Troubleshooting (4 Labs)
VLAN Troubleshooting I
OSPF Troubleshooting I
Routing Analysis III
Network Expansion
NAT
IP Routing II
Subnetting Exercises
VLSM Overlap (11 labs)
VLSM Route Selection (7 labs)

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