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| Guide to Visual Design | |
| Preface | |
| Writing and Reading | |
| Introduction: The Call to Write | |
| Identifying and Responding to the Call to Write | |
| Reflecting on Your Writing | |
| What Is Writing? | |
| Analyzing Literacy Events | |
| Writing in Everyday Life | |
| Lists | |
| Keeping a Literacy Log | |
| Writing in the Workplace | |
| FEMA and Katrina | |
| Memo to a Thief | |
| Writing in the Public Sphere | |
| Ethics of Writing: Graffiti | |
| Gallery of Signs | |
| Writing in School | |
| High School Research Paper | |
| College Response Paper | |
| Analyzing a Literacy Event | |
| "Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass" | |
| "One Writer's Beginnings" | |
| "Just Girls: Hidden Literacies and Life in Junior High" | |
| Writing Assignment: Analyzing a Literacy Event | |
| Understanding The Rhetorical Situation: The Choices Writers Make | |
| The Rhetorical Situation Writer's Orientation Audience Genre | |
| ACORN Katrina Survivors Association | |
| Case Study: The Somali Pirates | |
| Strategies for Reading First Questions to Ask of Readings | |
| Doing a Close Reading | |
| Underlining | |
| Annotation | |
| "Kill the Pirates" | |
| Summary | |
| Sample Summary of "Kill the Pirates" Describing the Writer's Strategy | |
| Sample Description of a Writer's Strategy | |
| Writing Strategies | |
| Exercise: Doing a Close Reading | |
| "You Are Being Lied to About Pirates" | |
| Ethics of Reading: Boredom and Persistence | |
| Analyzing the Rhetorical Situation: The Somali Pirates Writer's Orientation Audience | |
| Genre | |
| Checklist: Analyzing the Writer's Language | |
| Tone | |
| Denotation/Connotation | |
| Figures of Speech | |
| Stereotypes | |
| Analysis of a Rhetorical Situation | |
| "My Culture at the Crossroads" | |
| Sample Analysis | |
| Writing Assignment: Analyzing the Rhetorical Situation | |
| Persuasion And Responsibility: Analyzing Arguments | |
| Working Together: Successful Persuasion | |
| Understanding Argument | |
| What Is Argument? | |
| Dealing with Reasonable Differences | |
| Ethics of Writing: The Writer's Responsibility | |
| Exchange of Letters | |
| What Do Readers Expect from Arguments? | |
| Sample Argument | |
| "Roadside Memorials" | |
| Entering a Controversy | |
| Analyzing Issues | |
| Types of Issues | |
| Issues of Substantiation | |
| Issues of Evaluation | |
| Issues of Policy | |
| Sample Exploration of a Controversy | |
| Taking a Position: From Issues to Claims | |
| Developing a Persuasive Position | |
| What Are the Rhetorical Appeals? | |
| Analysis of Persuasive Appeals | |
| "The Ballot or the Bullet" Ethos | |
| Pathos | |
| Logos | |
| Constructing an Appropriate Rhetorical Stance | |
| Sample Letters of Application | |
| Working Together: Rhetorical Stance | |
| Making an Argument | |
| What Are the Parts of an Argument? | |
| Claims, Evidence, and Enabling Assumptions | |
| Sample Evaluations | |
| Claims | |
| Evidence | |
| Questions to Ask About Evidence | |
| Enabling Assumptions | |
| Sample Interviews. | |
| Working Together: Analyzing Claims, Evidence, and Enabling Assumptions | |
| Differing Views 81 | |
| Summarize Differing Views Fairly and Accurately | |
| Refuting Differing Views | |
| Conceding Differing Views | |
| Negotiating Differing Views | |
| Qualifiers | |
| Negotiating Differences | |
| Beyond Pro and Con | |
| Dialogue with Others | |
| An Electronic Exchange of Views | |
| Recognizing Ambiguities and Contradictions | |
| "Abortion Is Too Complex To Feel All One Way About" | |
| Locating Common Ground | |
| Call for a Moratorium on Executions | |
| Rhetorical Analysis of an Argument | |
| Sample Analysis of the Argument in "Call for a Moratorium on Executions" | |
| Writing Assignment: Analyzing an Argument | |
| Writing Projects | |
| Introduction: Genres of Writing | |
| Writing and Genre Knowledge | |
| Letters | |
| Thinking About the Genre | |
| Readings | |
| Open Letter | |
| Meth Science Not Stigma: Open Letter to the Media | |
| Letters to the Editor | |
| "Commit a Crime, Suffer the Consequences" | |
| Letter from Kristin Tardiff | |
| Letter from John N. Taylor Text Messages | |
| "The Pleasures of the Text" | |
| Letter of Appeal | |
| Doctors Without Borders/Medecins Sans Fronti?res (MSF) | |
| Report: DRC: Treating Victims of War | |
| Letter as Essay | |
| "My Dungeon Shook: Letter to My Nephew" | |
| Ethics of Writing: Using the Internet | |
| Further Exploration: Letters | |
| Rhetorical Analysis | |
| Genre Awareness | |
| Writing Assignment: Letters | |
| Invention | |
| Identifying the Call to Write | |
| Understanding Your Readers | |
| Background Research: Finding Models | |
| Planning | |
| Establishing the Occasion | |
| Arranging Your Material | |
| Working Draft | |
| Beginnings and Endings: Using an Echo Effect | |
| Using Topic Sentences | |
| Peer Commentary | |
| Revising | |
| Strengthening Topic Sentences for Focus and Transition | |
| Writers' Workshop | |
| Michael Brody, Letter to the Editor | |
| Michael Brody's Commentary | |
| Reflecting on Your Writing | |
| Memoirs | |
| Thinking About the Genre | |
| Writing from Experience | |
| Readings | |
| An American Childhood | |
| "Fortunate Son" | |
| "Teenage Angst in Texas" | |
| Audio Memoirs | |
| Story Corps Graphic Memoirs | |
| Persepolis | |
| "In the Shadow of No Towers" | |
| "The Ninth Letter of the Alphabet: First-Person Strategies in Nonfiction" | |
| Ethics of Writing: Bearing Witness | |
| Further Exploration: Memoirs Rhetorical Analysis Genre Awareness | |
| Writing Assignment: Memoirs | |
| Invention | |
| Past and Present Perspectives | |
| Background Research: Putting Events in Context | |
| Planning | |
| Arranging Your Material | |
| Selecting Details | |
| Working Draft | |
| Beginnings and Endings: Framing Your Memoir | |
| Peer Commentary | |
| Revising | |
| From Telling to Showing | |
| Writers' Workshop | |
| Jennifer Plante's Commentary | |
| Jennifer Plante, Sunday Afternoons | |
| Reflecting on Your Writing | |
| Public Documents | |
| Thinking About the Genre | |
| Writing from Experience | |
| Readings | |
| Manifestos | |
| Declaration of Independence. | |
| First Things First 2000 | |
| Encounters with Public Documents | |
| My Own Country | |
| The Struggle and the Tools | |
| Petitions | |
| Amnesty International, Call on Kenya to Ease the Suffering of Nairobi's 2 Million Slum Dwellers | |
| "Stimulate the Economy--Forgive Student Loans" | |
| "Tiger Woods--Stand Up for Equality--Augusta National Golf Club" | |
| Mission Statements | |
| NRA Foundation | |
| PEN Center USA | |
| The Hiphop Archive | |
| Advocacy Campaign | |
| Greenpeace, Kleercut Campaign | |
| Further Exploration: Public Documents | |
| Genre Awareness | |
| Writing Assignment: Public Documents | |
| Invention | |
| Clarifying Purpose, Audience, and Genre | |
| Background Research: Understanding the Rhetorical Situation | |
| Planning | |
| Readability and the Visual Design of Public Documents | |
| Working Draft | |
| Tone and Rhetorical Distance | |
| Peer Commentary | |
| For the Design and Production of a Document | |
| For Analysis of a Document | |
| Revising | |
| Locating Common Ground | |
| Writers' Workshop | |
| The Warehouse State Honor Code | |
| Reflecting on Your Writing | |
| Profiles | |
| Thinking About the Genre | |
| Writing from Experience | |
| Readings | |
| "Insurgent Images: Mike Alewitz, Muralist" | |
| Profiles and Publicity | |
| Poster | |
| Iwaskai Library, Emerson College | |
| Phonak Ad | |
| Profile of a Community Organization | |
| "An Empire for Poor Working Women, Guided by a Gandhian Approach" | |
| Photo Essay | |
| "Cancer Alley: The Poisoning of the American South" Soundmap | |
| "Folk Songs for the Five Points" | |
| Interview | |
| "A Conversation with Pauline Weissner: Where Gifts and Stories Are Crucial to Survival" | |
| Ethics of Writing: Responsibility to the Writer's Subject | |
| Further Exploration: Profiles | |
| Rhetorical Analysis | |
| Genre Awareness | |
| Writing Assignment: Profile | |
| Invention | |
| Finding a Subject | |
| Clarifying Your Purpose | |
| Background Research: Deciding What Information You Need | |
| Planning | |
| Deciding on the Dominant Impression | |
| Arranging Your Material | |
| Working Draft | |
| Beginnings and Endings: Letting Your Subject Have the Last Word | |
| Peer Commentary | |
| Revising | |
| Establishing Perspective from the Beginning | |
| Writers' Workshop | |
| "A Lawyer's Crusade Against Tobacco" [Working Draft] | |
| Richard Quitadamo's Commentary | |
| Reflecting on Your Writing | |
| Reports | |
| Thinking About the Genre | |
| Writing from Experience | |
| Readings | |
| News Reports | |
| Associated Press, "Mentally Ill People Aren't More Violent, Study Finds" | |
| "Studies of Mental Illness Show Links to Violence" | |
| Fact Sheets | |
| The Sentencing Project, "Facts About Prisons and Prisoners" | |
| National Report | |
| Pew Hispanic Center | |
| Executive Summary | |
| A Portrait of Unauthorized Immigrants | |
| "Warmer, Fuzzier: The Refreshed Logo" | |
| An Informational Web Site Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University, "The Triangle Factory Fire" | |
| Scholarly and Popular Articles | |
| "Uncertainty and the Use of Magic" | |
| "Can a Lucky Charm Get You Through Organic Chemistry?" | |
| Further Exploration: Reports | |
| Rhetorical Analysis | |
| Genre Awareness | |
| Writing Assignment: Report | |
| Invention | |
| Clarifying Your Purpose and Your Readers' Need to Know | |
| Background Research: Surveying the Information at Hand | |
| Planning Organizing the Information | |
| Drafting Introducing the Topic | |
| Peer Commentary | |
| Revising Getting the Right Order | |
| Writers' Workshop | |
| "Lost in a Smog"--Draft in Progress | |
| Reflecting on Your Writing | |
| Commentary | |
| Thinking About the Genre | |
| Writing from Experience | |
| Readings | |
| "Remember When Public Spaces Didn't Carry Brand Names?" | |
| "How to Fight the New Epidemics" | |
| Spoof Ads | |
| Adbusters | |
| Blogs | |
| "Portraits of Thinking: An Account of a Common Laborer" | |
| Art as Social Commentary | |
| "Ethics of Writing: In Whose Interest?" | |
| Further Exploration: Commentary | |
| Rhetorical Analysis | |
| Genre Awareness | |
| Writing Assignment: Commentary | |
| Invention | |
| Naming the Topic | |
| Background Research: Assessing Your Knowledge of the Topic | |
| Identifying the Issue | |
| Planning | |
| Framing the Issue | |
| Planning the Introduction | |
| Planning the Ending | |
| Working Draft | |
| Emphasizing Your Main Point and Distinguishing Your Perspective | |
| Peer Commentary | |
| Revising | |
| Maintaining a Reasonable Tone | |
| Writer's Workshop | |
| Rachel Smith, First Draft | |
| Rachel Smith, Revised Version: Socially Acceptable Discrimination? | |
| Interview with Rachel Smith | |
| Reflecting on Your Writing | |
| Proposals | |
| Thinking About the Genre | |
| Writing from Experience | |
| Readings | |
| "Workers Without Borders" | |
| Visualizing the Debate | |
| About Undocumented Immigrants | |
| Federation for American Immigration | |
| Reform Movement for an Unconditional Amnesty | |
| Community Group Proposal | |
| The Be Green Neighborhood Association, "Proposal for a Neighborhood Street Tree Program" | |
| Research Proposal | |
| "Training Fighters, Making Men: A Study of Amateur Boxers and Their Trainers" | |
| "Beware the Manipulation of the Funk" | |
| Ethics of Writing: Problems and Conflicts | |
| Further Exploration: Proposals | |
| Rhetorical Analysis | |
| Genre Awareness | |
| Writing Assignment: Proposals | |
| Invention | |
| Background Research: Formulating the Problem | |
| Assessing Alternatives | |
| Planning | |
| Relative Emphasis on the Problem and the Solution | |
| Developing a Working Outline | |
| Working Draft | |
| Matching Problems and Solutions | |
| Peer Commentary | |
| Revising | |
| Writers' Workshop | |
| Proposal for a Campus Coffee House | |
| Writers' Commentary | |
| Reflecting on Your Writing | |
| Reviews | |
| Thinking About the Genre | |
| Writing from Experience | |
| Readings | |
| Reviews | |
| "The Queen: Beyonce, At Last" | |
| Notice Reviews | |
| Christian Hoard | |
| "Beyonce, I Am ? Sasha Fierce" | |
| "Orphan's Life Out of Hell Could Be a Game Show in Mumbai" | |
| Travel Guides | |
| "DK Eyewitness Top 10 Travel Guides: San Francisco" | |
| "Slum Visits: Tourism or Voyeurism?" | |
| Ethics of Writing: Reviewing as a Partisan Activity | |
| Further Exploration: Reviews | |
| Rhetorical Analysis | |
| Genre Awareness | |
| Writing Assignment: Reviews | |
| Invention | |
| Exploring Your Topic | |
| Establishing Criteria of Evaluation | |
| Assessing Your Criteria | |
| Planning | |
| Considering the Relation Between Description and Evaluation | |
| Using Comparison and Contrast | |
| Working Draft | |
| Distinguishing Your Views | |
| Peer Commentary | |
| Revising | |
| Options for Meaningful Endings | |
| Writers' Workshop | |
| "More Than Just Burnouts" [Working Draft] | |
| Reflecting on Your Writing | |
| WRITING AND RESEARCH PROJECTS | |
| Introduction: Doing Research and the Need to Know | |
| The Research Process: Critical Essays And Research Projects | |
| Understanding the Genre: Critical Essays and Research Projects | |
| What Are Faculty Looking For? | |
| Understanding Academic Writing | |
| Sample Student Papers for Analysis | |
| Sample Critical Essay in MLA Format | |
| "Jigsaw Falling Into Place?: Radiohead and the Tip-Jar Model" | |
| Sample Research Paper in APA Format | |
| "The Prison Privatization Debate: The Need for a New Focus" | |
| The Research Process: An Overview | |
| Defining a Research Question | |
| Analyzing the Assignment | |
| Preliminary Research | |
| Developing a Research Question | |
| Writing a Proposal | |
| Finding Sources | |
| The Web and the Library: What They Offer Research Projects | |
| What the Web Is Good For | |
| What the Library Is Good For | |
| How to Identify Relevant Sources | |
| Keeping a Working Bibliography | |
| Evaluating Sources | |
| Making an Argument | |
| Planning and Drafting Your Project | |
| A Closing Note | |
| Working With Sources | |
| Working with Sources to Answer Your Research Question | |
| What Is Plagiarism? | |
| Avoiding Plagiarism: How to Cite Properly | |
| What Do I Have to Cite? | |
| Problem 1: Copying and Failing to Cite Properly | |
| Problem 2: Copying Sentence Structure and Failing to Cite Properly | |
| Options for Integrating Sources | |
| Short Quotations | |
| Words | |
| Phrases | |
| Sentences | |
| Long Quotations | |
| Fitting Quotations to Your Sentences | |
| Ellipses | |
| Brackets | |
| Quotations Within Quotations | |
| Checklist for Using Quotes Effectively | |
| Do You Need the Quote? | |
| Is It Clear Where Sources Start and Stop? | |
| Are Sources Used Purposefully or Just Strung Together? | |
| Do You Provide Commentary Where It Is Needed? | |
| Documenting Sources: MLA and APA Style | |
| In-text Citations | |
| Sources with One Author | |
| Sources with Multiple Authors | |
| Sources with No Author Listed | |
| Electronic Sources | |
| Indirect Quotations | |
| Works Cited (MLA) and References (APA) | |
| Books | |
| Two Listings by One Author | |
| Books with Multiple Authors | |
| Books by a Corporate Author or Organization | |
| Books by an Anonymous Author | |
| An Edition of an Original Work | |
| An Introduction, Preface, Foreword, or Afterword | |
| Edited Collections | |
| Works in Collections and Anthologies | |
| Translations | |
| Books in a Later Edition | |
| Dictionary Entries and Encyclopedia Articles | |
| Government Documents | |
| Unpublished Doctoral Dissertations | |
| Articles in Periodicals | |
| Magazine Articles | |
| Newspaper Articles | |
| Editorial | |
| Review | |
| Letter to the Editor | |
| Online and Electronic Sources | |
| Web Sites | |
| Web Sites: Secondary Pages | |
| Online Books and Reports | |
| Online Scholarly Articles | |
| Online Magazine or Newspaper Articles | |
| Sources Accessed Through Online Subscription Service | |
| Online Posting to Electronic Forum | |
| Miscellaneous Sources | |
| Films and Videocassettes | |
| Television and Radio Programs | |
| Records, Tapes, and CDs | |
| Interviews | |
| Lecture or Speech | |
| A Guide To Print, Electronic, And Other Sources | |
| Types of Print Sources | |
| Books | |
| Periodicals The Library The Library Catalog Reference Books Electronic Resources | |
| Electronic Databases | |
| Search Engines | |
| How to Use Keywords | |
| Government Publications | |
| Other Sources | |
| Performances and Events | |
| Museums | |
| Media | |
| Fieldwork And The Research Report | |
| Ethics of Research: Informed Consent | |
| Understanding the Genre: Research Reports | |
| "Food Sources in South Providence" | |
| Designing a Field Research Project | |
| Writing a Proposal | |
| Observation | |
| The Process of Observation | |
| Planning | |
| Three Consideration to Take into Account When You Do Observations | |
| Conducting Observations | |
| Analyzing Your Notes | |
| Interviews | |
| The Interview Process | |
| Planning | |
| Four Types of Interviews | |
| Setting Up the Interview | |
| Conducting an In-person or Telephone Interview | |
| After the Interview | |
| Analyzing the Transcript | |
| A Final Note on Interviews | |
| Surveys | |
| The Process of Designing and Conducting a Survey | |
| Getting Background Information | |
| Selecting Participants | |
| Ethics of Research | |
| Designing the Questionnaire | |
| Types of Questions | |
| Conducting the Survey | |
| Compiling, Analyzing, and Presenting Results | |
| Writers at Work | |
| Introduction: Understanding the Writing Process | |
| Reflecting on Your Writing | |
| The Writing Process: A Case Study Of A Writing Assignment | |
| Case Study of a Writing Assignment | |
| Invention | |
| Understanding the Call to Write | |
| Understanding Readers | |
| Exploring the Topic | |
| Planning | |
| Drafting | |
| Peer Commentary | |
| Describe the Writer's Strategy | |
| Analyze the Organization | |
| Evaluate the Argument | |
| Revising | |
| Final Touches | |
| Directions for Editing | |
| Directions for Proofreading | |
| Talking to Teachers | |
| Going to the Writing Center | |
| The Shape Of The Essay: How Form Embodies Purpose | |
| Thinking About Form | |
| Three Patterns of Organization | |
| Top-down Order | |
| "I Shop, Ergo I Am: The Mall as Society's Mirror" | |
| Culminating Order | |
| "Minneapolis Pornography Ordinance" | |
| Open Form | |
| "Los Angeles Notebook" | |
| Seeing Patterns of Organization: How Form Embodies Purpose | |
| Top-down Order | |
| Culminating Order | |
| Open Form | |
| A Note on Mixed Form | |
| Putting the Parts Together | |
| Introductions | |
| Endings | |
| Connecting the Parts: Keeping Your Purposes Visible | |
| Use Reasons to Explain | |
| "Building the Third Wave" | |
| Create Topic Chains | |
| Use Transitions | |
| Common Types of Transitions | |
| Designing Paragraphs | |
| Seeing Paragraphs: The Visual Dimension | |
| Unity and Coherence: The Psychological Dimension | |
| Topic Sentences and Unity | |
| Discussion and Unity and Coherence | |
| A Note on the Placement of Topic Sentences | |
| Working Together: Collaborative Writing Projects | |
| Collaborative Writing | |
| Working Together: Exploring Experience | |
| Guidelines for Collaborating in Groups | |
| Recognize That Group Members Need to Get Acquainted and That Groups Take Time to Form | |
| Clarify Group Purposes and Individual Roles | |
| Recognize That Members Bring Different Styles to the Group | |
| Recognize That You May Not Play the Same Role in Every Group | |
| Monitor Group Progress and Reassess Goals and Procedures | |
| Quickly Address Problems in Group Dynamics | |
| Encourage Differences of Opinion | |
| How to Work Together on Collaborative Writing Projects | |
| Organizing the Group | |
| Group Size | |
| Group Composition | |
| The First Meeting | |
| Division of Labor, or Integrated Team? | |
| Organizing the Project | |
| The Proposal | |
| Productive Meetings | |
| Progress Reports | |
| Confidential Self-Evaluation | |
| Drafting, Revising, and Editing | |
| Giving Credit | |
| Final Presentation | |
| Online Collaboration | |
| Reflecting on Your Writing | |
| PRESENTING YOUR WORK | |
| Introduction: Delivering the Message | |
| Visual Design | |
| How Visual Design Embodies Purposes | |
| Identification | |
| Information | |
| Textual Graphics | |
| Representational Graphics | |
| Numerical Graphics | |
| Ethics of Information Design: Data Distortion | |
| Persuasion A Note on Reading and Seeing | |
| Visual Design: Four Basic Principles | |
| Use the Four Principles to Redesign Documents Redesigning a Resume | |
| Redesigning a Flyer | |
| Working with Type | |
| Serif and Sans serif Typefaces | |
| Display Typefaces | |
| Mixing Typefaces | |
| Visual Design Projects | |
| Preliminary Considerations | |
| Working Sketches | |
| Flyers | |
| Newsletters | |
| Brochures | |
| Web Design | |
| The Rhetorical Purposes of Web Design | |
| Identification | |
| Information | |
| Persuasion | |
| The Structure of Web Design | |
| The Visual Design of Web Sites | |
| Writing Assignment: Planning a Web Site | |
| Reflecting on Your Writing | |
| Oral And Powerpoint Presentations | |
| Understanding the Differences Between Written and Oral Presentations | |
| Developing an Oral Presentation | |
| Preliminary Considerations | |
| Planning the Oral Presentation | |
| Designing PowerPoint Slides | |
| Designing Visuals | |
| Using Visual Aids in a Presentation | |
| Rehearsing Your Presentation | |
| Guidelines for Evaluating Oral Presentations | |
| Further Thoughts on PowerPoint | |
| "PowerPoint Is Evil" | |
| "PowerPoint Do's and Don'ts" | |
| Essay Exams | |
| Analyzing Essay Exams | |
| Surveying the Format | |
| Analyzing Exam Questions | |
| Identification Items (IDs) | |
| Short-Answer Questions | |
| Essay Questions | |
| Common Essay Exam Questions | |
| Planning Your Answer | |
| Writing a Good Answer | |
| Sample Essay Answers | |
| Writing Portfolios | |
| Some Options for a Writing Portfolio | |
| A Reflective Letter | |
| Jennifer Principe, Sample Reflective Letter | |
| Revised Writing Assignments | |
| A Case Study | |
| Introduction, "Putting the Life Back into Premedical Education" [Working Draft, Peer Commentary, and Final Draft] | |
| Peer Commentary | |
| "Putting the Life Back into Premedical Education" [Final Draft] | |
| Peer Commentary | |
| Margaret King, Sample Introduction to Peer Commentary Commentary on Collaborative Writing | |
| David Sanchez, Sample Introduction to Collaborative Writing | |
| Samples of Exploratory Writing | |
| John Hogan, Sample Introduction to Exploratory Writing | |
| Miscellaneous | |
| Credits | |
| Index | |
| Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved. |