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A Brief Guide to Writing from Readings

ISBN: 9780205188604 | 0205188605
Edition: 1st
Publisher: PRENTICE HALL
Pub. Date: 1/1/1997

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SummaryTable of Contents
A Brief Guide to Writing From Readings will appeal to freshman composition instructors as well as instructors across the curriculum who require a writing-from-sources text in their introductory, general education classes. A Brief Guide to Writing From Readings is comprehensive enough to serve as a primary text yet compact enough to serve as a supplement. It teaches students how to read texts critically, quote and paraphrase material, summarize, respond to, critique, and synthesize readings, avoid plagiarism, document essays, and keep a writing ... MORE
... MORE
Prefacexv(2)
Acknowledgmentsxvii
Chapter 1 CRITICAL READING
1(26)
Definition and Purpose
1(2)
Asking Questions about What You Read
3(8)
Questions to Ask Before You Begin a Close Reading of a Text
4(3)
Questions Concerning the Author
4(1)
Questions about the Publication
5(1)
Questions Concerning Your Own Views of the Topic
6(1)
Questions to Ask While You Read and Reread Material
7(4)
Questions Concerning the Audience of the Piece
7(1)
Questions about Purpose
8(1)
Questions about Content
9(1)
Questions about Organization
9(1)
Questions about the Author's Sources
10(1)
Questions about Graphics
10(1)
Questions about Your Reactions and Responses
11(1)
Marking Texts
11(7)
Highlighting Texts
11(1)
Annotating Texts
12(3)
Marginal Annotations
12(2)
End Annotations
14(1)
Sample Annotated Reading: "Hard Choices" by Patrick Moore
15(3)
Note Taking
18(2)
Before Jotting Down Any Notes, Always Write the Source Text's Full Bibliographic Information
18(1)
In Your Notes, Carefully Distinguish between Material You Quote and Material You Paraphrase
18(1)
Carefully List Page Numbers
19(1)
Pay Attention to the Punctuation in the Source Text
19(1)
In Your Notes, Clearly Differentiate between the Author's Ideas and Your Own
19(1)
Be Consistent with Your System
19(1)
Additional Reading: "Establishing the Environmental Priority"
20(3)
Walter A. Rosenbaum
Summary Chart--Critical Reading: Asking Questions
23(2)
Summary Chart--Critical Reading: Marking Texts
25(1)
Summary Chart--Critical Reading: Note Taking
26(1)
Chapter 2 QUOTATION
27(18)
Definition and Purpose
27(1)
Guidelines on When to Quote Material
28(2)
Quote Passages When the Author Has Written Something in a Distinctive or Especially Insightful or Interesting Way
28(1)
Quote Material That Lends Support to a Position You Are Trying to Make in Your Paper
28(1)
Quote Authorities Who Disagree with a Position You Are Advocating or Who Offer Alternative Explanations or Contradictory Data
29(1)
Guidelines on When Not to Quote Material
30(1)
Do Not Quote Passages Just to Fill Space
30(1)
Do Not Quote Passages as a Substitute for Thinking
30(1)
Do Not Quote Passages Because You Do Not Understand the Author's Ideas Well Enough to Paraphrase Them
31(1)
Integrating Quotations into Your Writing
31(1)
Two Basic Types of Quotations
31(1)
Reading: "Missing Link"
32(8)
The Block Quotation
34(3)
APA Guidelines
34(1)
CBE Guidelines
35(1)
MLA Guidelines
36(1)
The Integrated Quotation
37(3)
Introduce the Quotation with a Verb
38(1)
Introduce a Quotation without a Verb
38(1)
Run Your Sentence and the Quotation Together
39(1)
Pick out Only Certain Words to Quote in Your Sentence
40(1)
Altering Quoted Material and Avoiding Misquotations
40(3)
Leaving Words out of a Quotation
40(1)
Adding Words to a Quotation
41(1)
Noting Emphasis in a Quotation
41(2)
Summary Chart: Guidelines on Quotations
43(1)
Summary Chart: Integrating Quotations into Your Writing
44(1)
Chapter 3 PARAPHRASE
45(12)
Definition and Purpose
45(1)
Qualities of a Good Paraphrase
46(2)
Thorough
46(1)
Accurate
46(1)
Fair
47(1)
Objective
47(1)
How to Paraphrase Material
48(5)
Changing Words
48(2)
Changing Sentence Structure
50(1)
Combining Sentences
51(1)
"Unpacking" Sentences
52(1)
Documentation
53(1)
Summary Chart: How to Write a Paraphrase
54(1)
Summary Chart: Qualities of a Good Paraphrase
55(2)
Chapter 4 SUMMARY
57(22)
Definition and Purpose
57(1)
Types of Summaries
58(1)
Qualities of a Good Summary
59(3)
Comprehensive
59(1)
Brief
60(1)
Accurate
60(1)
Neutral
61(1)
Independent
61(1)
How to Summarize a Text
62(1)
Read, Reread, and Annotate the Source Text
62(1)
Summarize Each Section of the Source Text
62(1)
Write Your First Draft
62(1)
Check the Draft against the Source Text
63(1)
Rewrite the Summary
63(1)
Documentation
63(1)
Sample Summaries
64(1)
Reading: "AIDS and Population `Control'" by Gerard Piel
64(2)
Sample Informative Summary
66(1)
Sample Explanatory Summary
67(1)
Additional Reading: "Population Pressure"
68(4)
Marguerite Holloway
Additional Reading: "The Solution to a Global Crisis"
72(5)
Gro Harlem Brundtland
Summary Chart: How to Write a Summary
77(2)
Chapter 5 RESPONSE ESSAYS
79(12)
Definition and Purpose
79(1)
Qualities of a Good Response Essay
80(2)
Honest
80(1)
Informed
80(1)
Clear
81(1)
Well Supported
81(1)
Writing the Response Essay
82(4)
Carefully Read the Material
82(1)
Explore Your Responses to the Reading as You Annotate the Text
82(1)
How Do You React Emotionally to What the Author Has Written?
82(1)
How Do the Ideas Offered in the Reading Compare with Your Experience or Your Sense of Reality?
83(1)
How Do the Ideas Offered in the Source Match What Others Have Had to Say on the Topic?
83(1)
Compose Your Rough Draft
83(2)
Introduce the Source Text and Give Your Thesis
84(1)
Summarize the Source Text
84(1)
State and Explain Your Responses Clearly and Concisely
84(1)
Revise Your Rough Draft
85(1)
Review Your Assertions
85(1)
Review Your Support and Explanations
85(1)
Review Your Organization
85(1)
Review Your Language
86(1)
Sample Response Essay
86(3)
Summary Chart: How to Write a Response Essay
89(2)
Chapter 6 CRITIQUE
91(32)
Definition and Purpose
91(1)
The Film Review as Critique
91(4)
Writing a Critique
95(12)
Step I--Carefully Read and Annotate the Source Text
95(1)
Note the Author's Thesis, Primary Assertions, and Primary Means of Support
95(1)
Note the Author's Use of Graphics, Headings, and Subheadings
95(1)
Note the Author's Diction and Word Choice
95(1)
Note the Author's Tone
96(1)
Note the Author's Audience
96(1)
Note the Author's Purpose
96(1)
Summarize the Piece
96(1)
Step 2--Analyze and Evaluate the Reading
96(7)
Analyzing and Evaluating a Reading's Thesis and Primary Assertions or Findings
98(1)
Analyzing and Evaluating a Reading's Evidence and Reasoning
99(2)
Analyzing and Evaluating a Reading's Organization
101(1)
Analyzing and Evaluating a Reading's Style
102(1)
Step 3--Write Your Thesis and Decide Which Aspects of the Reading You Will Focus on in Your Essay
103(1)
Positive Thesis Statement
104(1)
Negative Thesis Statement
104(1)
Mixed Thesis Statement
104(1)
Step 4--Write Your Rough Draft
104(2)
Introductory Section
105(1)
Body
105(1)
Conclusion
106(1)
Step 5--Rewrite Your Critique
106(1)
Check for Accuracy
106(1)
Check the Development of Your Assertions
106(1)
Check the Organization
107(1)
Check for Clarity
107(1)
Reading and Sample Critique: "Clear Message to Teens: `It's OK to Have Sex'"
107(4)
Joan Beck
Additional Reading: "Condom Availability Promotes Health, Saves Lives"
111(4)
Margaret Pruitt Clark
Additional Reading: "Apply Peer Pressure, Not Latex, Against Casual Sex"
115(6)
Edwin J. Delattre
Summary Chart: Writing a Critique
121(2)
Chapter 7 SYNTHESIS
123(30)
Definition and Purpose
123(1)
Types of Synthesis Essays
124(1)
Reading: "The Fool on the Hill"
124(1)
Brian D. Johnson
Reading: "Forrest Gump"
125(2)
David Ansen
Reading: "Forrest Gump"
127(1)
Peter Travers
Informative Synthesis
128(7)
Definition
128(1)
Writing an Informative Synthesis
129(6)
Analyze the Assignment
129(1)
Review and Annotate the Readings
130(1)
Formulate a Thesis and Organizational Plan
130(2)
Write Your Rough Draft
132(1)
Revise Your Draft
133(2)
Argumentative Synthesis
135(7)
Definition
135(1)
Writing an Argumentative Synthesis
136(6)
Analyze the Assignment
136(1)
Annotate and Critique the Readings
137(1)
Formulate a Thesis and Organizational Plan
137(4)
Write Your Rough Draft
141(1)
Revise Your Draft
141(1)
Sample Informative and Argumentative Syntheses
142(7)
Sample Informative Synthesis
142(2)
Sample Argumentative Synthesis (Focusing on the Quality of the Readings)
144(2)
Sample Argumentative Synthesis (Focusing on the Topic of Readings)
146(3)
Summary Chart: Synthesis Essays
149(4)
Chapter 8 PLAGIARISM
153(8)
Definition
153(1)
Forms of Plagiarism
153(3)
Purchasing a Paper
154(1)
Turning in a Paper Someone Else Has Written for You
154(1)
Turning in Another Student's Work without That Student's Knowledge
154(1)
Improper Collaboration
154(1)
Copying a Paper from a Source Text without Proper Acknowledgment
155(1)
Copying Material from a Source text, Supplying Proper Documentation but Leaving out Quotation Marks
155(1)
Paraphrasing Material from a Reading without Proper Documentation
155(1)
How to Avoid Plagiarism
156(3)
Do Your Own Work
156(1)
Take Good Notes
156(1)
Paraphrase Properly
157(1)
Supply Proper Documentation
157(1)
Clarify Collaboration Guidelines
158(1)
Summary Chart: Plagiarism
159(2)
Chapter 9 DOCUMENTATION
161(16)
Definition and Purpose
161(1)
Types of Documentation
161(1)
Primary Academic Style Manuals
162(1)
APA Guidelines
163(4)
In-Text Documentation
163(4)
Consolidating References
167(1)
Footnotes and Endnotes
167(1)
CBE Guidelines
167(5)
In-Text Documentation
167(5)
The Name-Year System
168(2)
Consolidating References
170(1)
The Citation-Sequence System
170(2)
Consolidating References
172(1)
Footnotes and Endnotes
172(1)
MLA Guidelines
172(5)
In-Text Documentation
172(4)
Consolidating References
176(1)
Footnotes and Endnotes
176(1)
Chapter 10 REFERENCE LISTS AND WORKS CITED ENTRIES
177(34)
Definition and Purpose
177(1)
APA Format
178(9)
Sample Reference List Entries
178(6)
Reference Page
184(1)
Sample Reference Page: APA Format
185(2)
CBE Format
187(15)
Sample Reference List Entries
187(10)
Reference List Guidelines
197(1)
Sample Reference List: Citation-Sequence Format
198(2)
Sample Reference List: Name-Year Format
200(2)
MLA Format
202(9)
Sample Works Cited Entries
202(5)
Works Cited List
207(1)
Sample Works Cited List: MLA Format
208(3)
Chapter 11 JOURNALS
211(10)
Definition
211(1)
Purpose
212(2)
Types of Entries
214(3)
Summaries
214(1)
Analyses
214(1)
Responses
214(1)
Reflections
215(1)
Questions
215(1)
Critiques
215(1)
Syntheses
215(1)
Applications
215(1)
Refutations
216(1)
Outlines
216(1)
Drafts
216(1)
Personal Experience
216(1)
Self-Reflections
217(1)
Creative Writing
217(1)
Drawings
217(1)
Language and Format
217(2)
Language
218(1)
Format
218(1)
Dual Entry Format
219(1)
Research Log Format
219(1)
Final Considerations
219(2)
Appendix 1 PRIMARY STYLE MANUALS
221(4)
APA Style Manual
221(1)
CBE Style Manual
221(1)
MLA Style Manual
221(4)
Appendix 2 DOCUMENTING ELECTRONIC SOURCES OF INFORMATION
225(8)
Types of Electronic Sources
226(7)
Portable Sources
226(1)
Sample Bibliographic Entries for Portable Sources
226(2)
APA Format
226(1)
CBE Format
227(1)
MLA Format
228(1)
Online Databases
228(1)
Sample Bibliographic Entries for Online Databases
228(2)
APA Format
228(1)
CBE Format
229(1)
MLA Format
230(1)
E-Mail
230(1)
Sample Bibliographic Entries for E-Mail
231(2)
APA Format
231(1)
CBE Format
231(1)
MLA Format
231(2)
Appendix 3 REVISION CHECKLISTS
233(8)
Quotation Checklist
233(1)
Paraphrase Checklist
234(1)
Summary Checklist
235(1)
Response Essay Checklist
236(1)
Critique Checklist
237(1)
Synthesis Checklist
238(1)
Plagiarism Checklist
239(2)
Credits Index

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