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American Government and Politics Today : The Essentials 2006-2007 Edition

ISBN: 9780534647339 | 0534647332
Edition: 1st
Format: Paperback
Publisher: Cengage Learning
Pub. Date: 6/9/2005

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SummaryTable of Contents
The best-selling book published for American Government, AMERICAN GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS TODAY: THE ESSENTIALS helps students experience the excitement that comes from active, informed citizenship in a concisely organized package. Bardes, Shelley, and Schmidt's text is renowned nationwide for its balanced, unbiased, comprehensive, and up-to-date coverage of constitutional, governmental, political, social, and economic structures and processes. The overriding theme is the importance of informed active citizenship. The pedagogy underscores this ... MORE
Part One The American System
The Democratic Republic
1(28)
What If ... National Laws Were Put to a Popular Vote?
... MORE(1)
Politics and Government
3(1)
Why Is Government Necessary?
3(2)
The Need for Security
3(1)
Limiting Government Power
4(1)
Authority and Legitimacy
5(1)
Democracy and Other Forms of Government
5(4)
Types of Government
5(1)
Direct Democracy as a Model
6(1)
The Dangers of Direct Democracy
7(1)
A Democratic Republic
7(2)
What Kind of Democracy Do We Have?
9(1)
Democracy for Everyone
9(1)
Democracy for the Few
9(1)
Democracy for Groups
10(1)
Fundamental Values
10(4)
Political Socialization
10(1)
Liberty versus Order
11(1)
Equality versus Liberty
12(2)
Political Ideologies
14(5)
Liberalism versus Conservatism
15(1)
The Traditional Political Spectrum
16(1)
``Classical'' Liberalism
16(1)
Problems with the Traditional Political Spectrum
17(1)
A Four-Cornered Ideological Grid
17(1)
Totalitarian Ideologies
18(1)
Totalitarianism in the Islamic World
18(1)
The Changing Face of America
19(4)
The Aging of America
19(1)
Our Growing Population
20(1)
Ethnic Change
21(1)
Who Are the Hispanics?
21(1)
Other Trends
22(1)
American Politics: Why Is It Important Today?
23(2)
Making a Difference: Seeing Democracy in Action
25(1)
Key Terms
26(1)
Chapter Summary
26(1)
Selected Print and Media Resources
26(1)
E-Mocracy: Connecting to American Government and Politics
27(2)
The Constitution
29(50)
What If ... An Immigrant Could Become President?
30(1)
The Colonial Background
31(2)
Separatists, the Mayflower, and the Compact
31(1)
More Colonies, More Government
32(1)
British Restrictions and Colonial Grievances
33(1)
The Colonial Response: The Continental Congresses
33(1)
The First Continental Congress
33(1)
The Second Continental Congress
33(1)
Declaring Independence
34(2)
The Resolution of Independence
34(1)
July 4, 1776---The Declaration of Independence
34(2)
The Rise of Republicanism
36(1)
The Articles of Confederation: Our First Form of Government
36(3)
Accomplishments under the Articles
37(1)
Weaknesses of the Articles
38(1)
Shays' Rebellion and the Need for Revision of the Articles
38(1)
Drafting the Constitution
39(7)
Who Were the Delegates?
39(1)
The Working Environment
39(1)
Factions among the Delegates
40(1)
Politicking and Compromises
40(4)
Working toward Final Agreement
44(2)
The Final Document
46(1)
The Difficult Road to Ratification
46(4)
The Federalists Push for Ratification
47(1)
The March to the Finish
48(1)
Did the Majority of Americans Support the Constitution?
49(1)
The Bill of Rights
50(1)
A ``Bill of Limits''
50(1)
No Explicit Limits on State Government Powers
50(1)
Altering the Constitution: The Formal Amendment Process
51(3)
Many Amendments Proposed, Few Accepted
52(1)
Limits on Ratification
53(1)
The National Convention Provision
54(1)
Informal Methods of Constitutional Change
54(2)
Congressional Legislation
55(1)
Presidential Actions
55(1)
Judicial Review
55(1)
Interpretation, Custom, and Usage
56(1)
The Constitution: Why Is It Important Today?
56(2)
Making a Difference: How Can You Affect the Constitution?
58(1)
Key Terms
58(1)
Chapter Summary
59(1)
Selected Print and Media Resources
59(1)
E-Mocracy: The Internet and Our Constitution
60(1)
Appendix to Chapter 2
61(18)
Federalism
79(32)
What If ... Education Were a National Responsibility?
80(1)
Three Systems of Government
81(1)
A Unitary System
82(1)
A Confederal System
82(1)
A Federal System
82(1)
Why Federalism?
82(3)
A Practical Solution
83(1)
Other Arguments for Federalism
83(1)
Arguments against Federalism
84(1)
The Constitutional Basis for American Federalism
85(3)
Powers of the National Government
85(1)
Powers of the State Governments
86(1)
Concurrent Powers
86(1)
Prohibited Powers
86(1)
The Supremacy Clause
87(1)
Vertical Checks and Balances
87(1)
Interstate Relations
88(1)
Defining Constitutional Powers---The Early Years
88(3)
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
90(1)
Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)
91(1)
States' Rights and the Resort to Civil War
91(2)
The Shift Back to States' Rights
91(1)
War and the Growth of the National Government
92(1)
The Continuing Dispute over the Division of Power
93(7)
Dual Federalism and the Retreat of National Authority
93(3)
The New Deal and Cooperative Federalism
96(1)
Methods of Implementing Cooperative Federalism
97(3)
The Politics of Federalism
100(2)
What Has National Authority Accomplished?
100(2)
Federalism Becomes a Republican Issue
102(1)
Federalism and the Supreme Court Today
102(3)
Reining in the Commerce Power
103(1)
State Sovereignty and the Eleventh Amendment
104(1)
Tenth Amendment Issues
104(1)
Federalism: Why Is It Important Today?
105(1)
Making a Difference: Writing Letters to the Editor
106(1)
Key Terms
106(1)
Chapter Summary
107(1)
Selected Print and Media Resources
108(1)
E-Mocracy: Your Federal, State, and Local Governments Are Available at a Click of Your Mouse
109(2)
Part Two Civil Rights and Liberties
Civil Liberties
111(38)
What If ... You Had to Carry a National Identification Card?
112(1)
The Bill of Rights
113(1)
Extending the Bill of Rights to State Governments
113(1)
Incorporation of the Fourteenth Amendment
114(1)
Freedom of Religion
114(8)
The Separation of Church and State---The Establishment Clause
115(6)
The Free Exercise Clause
121(1)
Freedom of Expression
122(8)
No Prior Restraint
122(2)
The Protection of Symbolic Speech
124(1)
The Protection of Commercial Speech
124(1)
Permitted Restrictions on Expression
125(1)
Unprotected Speech: Obscenity
126(2)
Unprotected Speech: Slander
128(1)
Campus Speech
128(1)
Hate Speech on the Internet
129(1)
Freedom of the Press
130(2)
Defamation in Writing
130(1)
A Free Press versus a Fair Trial: Gag Orders
130(1)
Films, Radio, and TV
131(1)
The Right to Assemble and to Petition the Government
132(1)
Street Gangs
132(1)
Online Assembly
132(1)
More Liberties under Scrutiny: Matters of Privacy
133(4)
Privacy Rights in an Information Age
133(1)
Privacy Rights and Abortion
134(1)
Privacy Rights and the ``Right to Die''
135(1)
Privacy Rights versus Security Issues
136(1)
The Great Balancing Act: The Rights of the Accused versus the Rights of Society
137(4)
Rights of the Accused
137(1)
Extending the Rights of the Accused
138(2)
The Exclusionary Rule
140(1)
The Death Penalty
141(2)
Cruel and Unusual Punishment?
141(1)
The Death Penalty Today
142(1)
Time Limits for Death Row Appeals
143(1)
Civil Liberties: Why Are They Important Today?
143(1)
Making a Difference: Your Civil Liberties: Searches and Seizures
144(1)
Key Terms
145(1)
Chapter Summary
145(1)
Selected Print and Media Resources
146(1)
E-Mocracy: Understanding Your Civil Liberties
146(3)
Civil Rights
149(40)
What If ... One State's Same-Sex Marriages Had to Be Recognized Nationwide?
150(1)
African Americans and the Consequences of Slavery in the United States
151(6)
Ending Servitude
152(1)
The Civil Rights Acts of 1865 to 1875
152(1)
The Ineffectiveness of the Civil Rights Laws
153(2)
The End of the Separate-but-Equal Doctrine
155(1)
Reactions to School Integration
155(1)
An Integrationist Attempt at a Cure: Busing
156(1)
The Civil Rights Movement
157(2)
King's Philosophy of Nonviolence
158(1)
Another Approach---Black Power
159(1)
The Climax of the Civil Rights Movement
159(4)
Civil Rights Legislation
159(2)
Consequences of Civil Rights Legislation
161(2)
Women's Struggle for Equal Rights
163(5)
Early Women's Political Movements
163(1)
Women's Suffrage Associations
164(1)
The Modern Women's Movement
164(3)
Women in Politics Today
167(1)
Gender-Based Discrimination in the Workplace
168(2)
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
168(1)
Sexual Harassment
168(1)
Wage Discrimination
169(1)
Civil Rights: Extending Equal Protection
170(1)
Affirmative Action
170(2)
The Bakke Case
170(1)
Further Limits on Affirmative Action
171(1)
State Ballot Initiatives
171(1)
Special Protection for Older Americans
172(1)
Age Discrimination in Employment
172(1)
The Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967
172(1)
Securing Rights for Persons with Disabilities
173(1)
The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990
173(1)
Limiting the Scope and Applicability of the ADA
173(1)
The Rights and Status of Gay Males and Lesbians
174(3)
Growth in the Gay Male and Lesbian Rights Movement
174(1)
State and Local Laws Targeting Gay Men and Lesbians
174(1)
The Gay Community and Politics
175(1)
Gay Men and Lesbians in the Military
175(1)
Same-Sex Marriages
176(1)
Child Custody and Adoption
177(1)
The Rights and Status of Juveniles
177(5)
Voting Rights and the Young
178(1)
The Rights of Children in Civil and Criminal Proceedings
179(3)
Civil Rights: Why Are They Important Today?
182(2)
Making a Difference: Dealing with Discrimination
184(1)
Key Terms
184(1)
Chapter Summary
185(1)
Selected Print and Media Resources
186(1)
E-Mocracy: Civil Rights Information Online
187(2)
Part Three People and Politics
Public Opinion and Political Socialization
189(30)
What If ... Exit Polls Were Regulated?
190(2)
Defining Public Opinion
192(1)
How Public Opinion Is Formed: Political Socialization
193(3)
Models of Political Socialization
193(1)
The Family and the Social Environment
193(2)
The Impact of the Media
195(1)
The Influence of Political Events
196(1)
Political Preferences and Voting Behavior
196(6)
Demographic Influences
196(5)
Election-Specific Factors
201(1)
Measuring Public Opinion
202(4)
The History of Opinion Polls
202(1)
Sampling Techniques
203(1)
Problems with Polls
204(2)
Technology and Opinion Polls
206(2)
The Advent of Telephone Polling
206(1)
Enter Internet Polling
207(1)
Public Opinion and the Political Process
208(4)
Political Culture and Public Opinion
209(1)
Public Opinion about Government
209(2)
Public Opinion and Policymaking
211(1)
Public Opinion: Why Is It Important Today?
212(2)
Making a Difference: Be a Critical Consumer of Opinion Polls
214(1)
Key Terms
214(1)
Chapter Summary
215(1)
Selected Print and Media Resources
215(1)
E-Mocracy: Online Polling and Poll Data
216(3)
Interest Groups
219(30)
What If ... Retired Government Employees Could Not Work for Interest Groups?
220(1)
Interest Groups: A Natural Phenomenon
221(3)
Interest Groups and Social Movements
223(1)
Why So Many?
223(1)
Why Do Americans Join Interest Groups?
224(3)
Solidary Incentives
225(1)
Material Incentives
225(1)
Purposive Incentives
226(1)
Types of Interest Groups
227(8)
Economic Interest Groups
227(5)
Environmental Groups
232(1)
Public-Interest Groups
233(1)
Other Interest Groups
234(1)
Foreign Governments
235(1)
What Makes an Interest Group Powerful?
235(2)
Size and Resources
235(1)
Leadership
236(1)
Cohesiveness
237(1)
Interest Group Strategies
237(5)
Direct Techniques
238(2)
Indirect Techniques
240(2)
Regulating Lobbyists
242(1)
The Results of the 1946 Act
242(1)
The Reforms of 1995
242(1)
Interest Groups and Representative Democracy
243(1)
Interest Groups: Elitist or Pluralist?
243(1)
Interest Group Influence
243(1)
Interest Groups: Why Are They Important Today?
244(1)
Making a Difference: The Gun Control Issue
245(1)
Key Terms
245(1)
Chapter Summary
246(1)
Selected Print and Media Resources
246(1)
E-Mocracy: Interest Groups and the Internet
247(2)
Political Parties
249(36)
What If ... We Had a Multiparty Political System?
250(1)
What Is a Political Party?
251(1)
A History of Political Parties in the United States
252(7)
The Formative Years: Federalists and Anti-Federalists
253(1)
The Era of Good Feelings
253(1)
National Two-Party Rule: Democrats and Whigs
254(1)
The Civil War Crisis
254(1)
The Post-Civil War Period
254(2)
The Progressive Interlude
256(1)
The New Deal Era
256(1)
An Era of Divided Government
257(2)
The Two Major U.S. Parties Today
259(3)
The Parties' Core Constituents
259(1)
Economic Beliefs
259(2)
Cultural Politics
261(1)
The 2004 Election: Economics and National Security
262(1)
The Three Faces of a Party
262(7)
Party Organization
263(1)
The National Party Organization
263(3)
The State Party Organization
266(1)
Local Party Machinery: The Grassroots
266(2)
The Party-in-Government
268(1)
Why Has the Two-Party System Endured?
269(2)
The Historical Foundations of the Two-Party System
269(1)
Political Socialization and Practical Considerations
270(1)
The Winner-Take-All Electoral System
270(1)
State and Federal Laws Favoring the Two Parties
271(1)
The Role of Minor Parties in U.S. Politics
271(6)
Ideological Third Parties
272(1)
Splinter Parties
273(1)
The Impact of Minor Parties
274(3)
Mechanisms of Political Change
277(3)
Realignment
277(1)
Dealignment
278(1)
Tipping
279(1)
On to the Future
280(1)
Political Parties: Why Are They Important Today?
280(1)
Making a Difference: Electing Convention Delegates
281(1)
Key Terms
282(1)
Chapter Summary
282(1)
Selected Print and Media Resources
283(1)
E-Mocracy: Political Parties and the Internet
284(1)
Campaigns, Elections, and the Media
285(50)
What If ... We Had Public Financing for All Political Campaigns?
286(1)
Who Wants to Be a Candidate?
287(4)
Why They Run
287(2)
The Nomination Process
289(1)
Who Is Eligible?
289(1)
Who Runs?
290(1)
The Twenty-First-Century Campaign
291(3)
The Changing Campaign
291(1)
The Professional Campaign
292(1)
The Strategy of Winning
292(2)
Financing the Campaign
294(7)
Regulating Campaign Financing
294(1)
The Federal Election Campaign Act
295(1)
PACs and Political Campaigns
296(1)
Campaign Financing beyond the Limits
297(2)
The Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002
299(2)
Running for President: The Longest Campaign
301(6)
Reforming the Primaries
301(1)
Types of Primaries
302(1)
Front-Loading the Primaries
303(1)
On to the National Convention
304(1)
The Electoral College
305(2)
How Are Elections Conducted?
307(3)
Office-Block and Party-Column Ballots
307(1)
Voting by Mail
308(1)
Vote Fraud
309(1)
Turning Out to Vote
310(4)
The Effect of Low Voter Turnout
311(1)
Is Voter Turnout Declining?
312(1)
Factors Influencing Who Votes
313(1)
Why People Do Not Vote
313(1)
Legal Restrictions on Voting
314(2)
Historical Restrictions
314(1)
Current Eligibility and Registration Requirements
315(1)
The Media and Politics
316(3)
Entertainment
317(1)
Reporting the News
317(1)
Identifying Public Problems
318(1)
Socializing New Generations
318(1)
Providing a Political Forum
318(1)
Making Profits
318(1)
The Primacy of Television
319(2)
The Increase in News-Type Programming
320(1)
Television's Influence on the Political Process
320(1)
The Media and Political Campaigns
321(6)
Advertising
321(2)
Management of News Coverage
323(1)
Going for the Knockout Punch---Presidential Debates
324(1)
Political Campaigns and the Internet
325(1)
The Media's Impact on the Voters
325(2)
Government Regulation of the Media
327(3)
Controlling Ownership of the Media
327(1)
Government Control of Content
328(2)
The Public's Right to Media Access
330(1)
Campaigns, Elections, and the Media: Why Are They Important Today?
330(1)
Making a Difference: Being a Critical Consumer of the News
331(1)
Key Terms
331(1)
Chapter Summary
332(1)
Selected Print and Media Resources
333(1)
E-Mocracy: Campaigns, the Media, and the Internet
334(1)
Part Four Political Institutions
The Congress
335(36)
What If ... Members of Congress Were Required to Report Annually to Their Constituents?
336(1)
Why Was Congress Created?
337(1)
The Functions of Congress
338(3)
The Lawmaking Function
338(1)
The Representation Function
338(1)
Service to Constituents
339(1)
The Oversight Function
340(1)
The Public-Education Function
340(1)
The Conflict-Resolution Function
340(1)
The Powers of Congress
341(1)
Enumerated Powers
341(1)
The Necessary and Proper Clause
342(1)
House-Senate Differences
342(2)
Size and Rules
343(1)
Debate and Filibustering
343(1)
Prestige
344(1)
Congresspersons and the Citizenry: A Comparison
344(1)
Congressional Elections
345(3)
Candidates for Congressional Elections
346(1)
The Power of Incumbency
347(1)
Congressional Apportionment
348(4)
Gerrymandering
349(1)
Redistricting after the 2000 Census
349(1)
``Minority-Majority'' Districts
350(1)
Constitutional Challenges
350(2)
Changing Directions
352(1)
Perks and Privileges
352(2)
Permanent Professional Staffs
352(1)
Privileges and Immunities under the Law
353(1)
Congressional Caucuses: Another Source of Support
353(1)
The Committee Structure
354(3)
The Power of Committees
354(1)
Types of Congressional Committees
355(1)
The Selection of Committee Members
356(1)
The Formal Leadership
357(3)
Leadership in the House
357(2)
Leadership in the Senate
359(1)
How Members of Congress Decide
360(1)
The Conservative Coalition
361(1)
``Crossing Over''
361(1)
How a Bill Becomes Law
361(2)
How Much Will the Government Spend?
363(3)
Preparing the Budget
364(1)
Congress Faces the Budget
364(2)
Budget Resolutions
366(1)
The Congress: Why Is It Important Today?
366(1)
Making a Difference: Learning about Your Representatives
367(1)
Key Terms
368(1)
Chapter Summary
368(1)
Selected Print and Media Resources
369(1)
E-Mocracy: Elections and the Web
370(1)
The President
371(34)
What If ... There Were No Executive Privilege?
372(1)
Who Can Become President?
373(1)
The Process of Becoming President
374(2)
The Many Roles of the President
376(11)
Head of State
376(1)
Chief Executive
377(2)
Commander in Chief
379(2)
Chief Diplomat
381(2)
Chief Legislator
383(3)
Other Presidential Powers
386(1)
The President as Party Chief and Superpolitician
387(2)
The President as Chief of Party
387(1)
Constituencies and Public Approval
387(2)
Special Uses of Presidential Power
389(3)
Emergency Powers
391(1)
Executive Orders
391(1)
Executive Privilege
391(1)
Abuses of Executive Power and Impeachment
392(2)
The Executive Organization
394(3)
The Cabinet
394(1)
The Executive Office of the President
395(2)
The Vice Presidency
397(3)
The Vice President's Job
397(1)
Presidential Succession
398(1)
The Twenty-Fifth Amendment
399(1)
When the Vice Presidency Becomes Vacant
400(1)
The Presidency: Why Is It Important Today?
400(1)
Making a Difference: Communicating with the White House
401(1)
Key Terms
402(1)
Chapter Summary
402(1)
Selected Print and Media Resources
403(1)
E-Mocracy: The Presidency and the Internet
404(1)
The Bureaucracy
405(28)
What If ... The Public Graded Federal Bureaucracies?
406(1)
The Nature of Bureaucracy
407(2)
Public and Private Bureaucracies
407(1)
Models of Bureaucracy
408(1)
Bureaucracies Compared
408(1)
The Size of the Bureaucracy
409(1)
The Organization of the Federal Bureaucracy
410(8)
Cabinet Departments
412(3)
Independent Executive Agencies
415(1)
Independent Regulatory Agencies
415(2)
Government Corporations
417(1)
Staffing the Bureaucracy
418(3)
Political Appointees
418(1)
History of the Federal Civil Service
419(2)
Modern Attempts at Bureaucratic Reform
421(4)
Sunshine Laws before and after 9/11
421(1)
Sunset Laws
422(1)
Privatization
423(1)
Incentives for Efficiency and Productivity
423(1)
Helping Out the Whistleblowers
424(1)
Bureaucrats as Politicians and Policymakers
425(3)
The Rulemaking Environment
426(1)
Negotiated Rulemaking
426(1)
Bureaucrats Are Policymakers
427(1)
Congressional Control of the Bureaucracy
428(1)
The Bureaucracy: Why Is It Important Today?
429(1)
Making a Difference: What the Government Knows about You
430(1)
Key Terms
430(1)
Chapter Summary
431(1)
Selected Print and Media Resources
431(1)
E-Mocracy: E-Government
432(1)
The Courts
433(30)
What If ... Supreme Court Justices Had to Campaign?
434(1)
The Common Law Tradition
435(1)
Sources of American Law
436(1)
Constitutions
436(1)
Statutes and Administrative Regulations
436(1)
Case Law
437(1)
The Federal Court System
437(6)
Basic Judicial Requirements
437(1)
Types of Federal Courts
438(2)
Specialized Federal Courts and the War on Terrorism
440(1)
Parties to Lawsuits
441(2)
Procedural Rules
443(1)
The Supreme Court at Work
443(3)
Which Cases Reach the Supreme Court?
444(1)
Deciding Cases
445(1)
Decisions and Opinions
445(1)
The Selection of Federal Judges
446(4)
Judicial Appointments
446(3)
Partisanship and Judicial Appointments
449(1)
The Senate's Role
449(1)
Policymaking and the Courts
450(5)
Judicial Review
451(1)
Judicial Activism and Judicial Restraint
451(1)
Strict versus Broad Construction
452(1)
Ideology and the Today's Supreme Court
452(3)
What Checks Our Courts?
455(3)
Executive Checks
455(1)
Legislative Checks
456(1)
Public Opinion
456(1)
Judicial Traditions and Doctrines
457(1)
The Judiciary: Why Is It Important Today?
458(1)
Making a Difference: Changing the Legal System
459(1)
Key Terms
459(1)
Chapter Summary
460(1)
Selected Print and Media Resources
460(2)
E-Mocracy: Courts on the Web
462(1)
Part Five Public Policy
Domestic and Economic Policy
463(38)
What If ... The National Parks Were Privatized?
464(1)
The Policymaking Process
465(3)
Agenda Building
465(2)
Policy Formulation
467(1)
Policy Adoption
467(1)
Policy Implementation
467(1)
Policy Evaluation
468(1)
Health Care
468(4)
The Rising Cost of Health Care
468(2)
Medicare
470(1)
The Uninsured
471(1)
Poverty and Welfare
472(1)
The Low-Income Population
472(1)
The Antipoverty Budget
473(1)
Basic Welfare
473(2)
Welfare Controversies
474(1)
Other Forms of Government Assistance
474(1)
Homelessness---Still a Problem
474(1)
Crime in the Twenty-First Century
475(7)
Crime in American History
475(1)
Crimes Committed by Juveniles
476(1)
The Cost of Crime to American Society
477(1)
The Prison Population Bomb
478(2)
Federal Drug Policy
480(1)
Confronting Terrorism
481(1)
Environmental Policy
482(3)
Cleaning Up the Air and Water
483(1)
Global Warming
484(1)
The Politics of Economic Decision Making
485(4)
Fiscal Policy
485(1)
Deficit Spending and the Public Debt
486(2)
Monetary Policy
488(1)
The Politics of Taxation
489(2)
Federal Income Tax Rates
489(1)
Loopholes and Lowered Taxes
490(1)
The Social Security Problem
491(1)
Social Security Is Not a Pension Fund
491(1)
Workers per Retiree
491(1)
What Will It Take to Salvage Social Security?
492(1)
World Trade
492(4)
Imports and Exports
493(1)
Free Trade Areas and Common Markets
493(2)
The World Trade Organization
495(1)
Economic Policy: Why Is It Important Today?
496(1)
Making a Difference: Learning about Social Security
497(1)
Key Terms
497(1)
Chapter Summary
498(1)
Selected Print and Media Resources
499(1)
E-Mocracy: E-Commerce and Domestic Policy
500(1)
Foreign and Defense Policy
501
What If ... North Korea Exploded a Nuclear Bomb?
502(1)
Facing the World: Foreign and Defense Policy
503(1)
National Security Policy
503(1)
Diplomacy
504(1)
Morality versus Reality in Foreign Policy
504(1)
Moral Idealism
504(1)
Political Realism
504(1)
American Foreign Policy---A Mixture of Both
505(1)
Challenges in World Politics
505(3)
The Emergence of Terrorism
505(2)
The War on Terrorism
507(1)
Wars in Iraq
508(8)
Nuclear Weapons
511(1)
The New Power: China
512(1)
Regional Conflicts
513(3)
Who Makes Foreign Policy?
516(4)
Constitutional Powers of the President
516(1)
Informal Techniques of Presidential Leadership
517(1)
Other Sources of Foreign Policymaking
518(2)
Congress Balances the Presidency
520(1)
Domestic Sources of Foreign Policy
521(1)
Elite and Mass Opinion
521(1)
The Military-Industrial Complex
521(1)
The Major Foreign Policy Themes
522(5)
The Formative Years: Avoiding Entanglements
522(1)
The Era of Internationalism
523(1)
Superpower Relations
524(3)
Foreign Policy: Why Is It Important Today?
527(2)
Making a Difference: Working for Human Rights
529(1)
Key Terms
529(1)
Chapter Summary
530(1)
Selected Print and Media Resources
531(1)
E-Mocracy: Attacking Government Computer Systems
532
Appendix A The Declaration of Independence1(2)
Appendix B How to Read Case Citations and Find Court Decisions3(1)
Appendix C Federalist Papers No. 10, No. 51, and No. 784(8)
Appendix D Justices of the U.S. Supreme Court since 190012(3)
Appendix E Party Control of Congress since 190015(1)
Appendix F Presidents of the United States16(2)
Appendix G Spanish Equivalents for Important Terms in American Government18
Glossary1(1)
Index1

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