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An Invitation to Health

ISBN: 9780534635589 | 053463558X
Edition: 11th
Format: Paperback
Publisher: Cengage Learning
Pub. Date: 4/7/2004

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SummaryTable of ContentsAuthor Biography
AN INVITATION TO HEALTH, Eleventh Edition is a best-selling personal health text that introduces students to the latest research, information, and recommendations related to health and healthy lifestyles. Reviewed by more than 40 instructors and consistently praised for its instructional and engaging writing style, AN INVITATION TO HEALTH focuses on behavior change, the prevention of illness and the achievement of optimal health and wellness. AN INVITATION TO HEALTH addresses topics that affect college students of all ages. This text supplies s... MORE
SECTION I Taking Charge of Your Health
1(100)
An Invitation to Health for the Twenty-First Century
2(34)
Health and Well... MORE
4(10)
Physical Health
5(1)
Psychological Health
5(1)
Spiritual Health
6(1)
Can Prayer Heal?
6(1)
Social Health
7(1)
Intellectual Health
7(1)
Environmental Health
7(1)
The State of Our Health
7(1)
Healthy People 2010
8(1)
Diversity and Health
8(1)
Can Race Affect Health?
8(2)
Closing the Minority Health Gap
10(1)
Student Health
11(1)
Health Problems on Campus
11(2)
Health Benefits of Education
13(1)
Do Healthy Behaviors Have an Effect on Academic Performance?
13(1)
How People Change
14(5)
Understanding Health Behavior
14(1)
Stages of Change
15(2)
The Process of Change
17(1)
How Can I Change a Bad Health Habit?
17(1)
Assessing Risks
18(1)
Making Decisions
18(1)
A New Era in Health Education
19(2)
The Power of Prevention
19(1)
The Potential of Protection
20(1)
The Promise of Promotion
20(1)
The Bottom Line: Ten Small Changes to Improve Your Health
21(2)
Wellness Inventory
23(1)
Your Health Change Plan: How to Make a Change
24(12)
Making This Chapter Work for You
32(1)
Critical Thinking
33(1)
Profile Plus
33(1)
Sites & Bytes
33(1)
Info Trac College Edition
34(1)
Key Terms
34(1)
References
34(2)
Psychological Health
36(38)
What Is Psychological Health?
38(2)
Emotional Intelligence
39(1)
Spiritual Intelligence
39(1)
Could Prayer Be Good Medicine?
39(1)
The Science of Positive Psychology
40(7)
Knowing Your Needs
40(1)
Clarifying Your Values
40(3)
Boosting Self-Esteem
43(1)
Managing Your Moods
44(1)
How Can I Find Happiness?
45(1)
Becoming Optimistic
45(1)
Looking on The Light Side
46(1)
Loving and Being Loved
46(1)
Doing Good
46(1)
Feeling in Control
47(1)
Developing Autonomy
47(1)
Asserting Yourself
47(1)
Connecting with Others
48(1)
Overcoming Loneliness
48(1)
Facing Social Anxiety
48(1)
Understanding Mental Health
49(3)
What Is a Mental Disorder?
49(1)
Does Mental Health Affect Physical Health?
50(1)
Mental Health on Campus
50(1)
Diversity and Mental Health on Campus
51(1)
The Brain: The Last Frontier
52(2)
Inside the Brain
52(1)
Communication Within the Brain
52(2)
The Role of Sleep
54(1)
The Night Shift
54(1)
How Much Sleep Do I Need?
55(1)
Getting Enough Sleep
55(1)
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS)
55(1)
Anxiety Disorders
55(2)
Phobias
55(1)
Panic Attacks and Panic Disorder
56(1)
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
56(1)
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
56(1)
Depressive Disorders
57(4)
Why Are So Many Young People Depressed?
57(1)
Minor Depression
58(1)
Major Depression
58(1)
Bipolar Disorder (Manic Depression)
59(2)
Suicide
What Leads to Suicide?
61(2)
Suicide Prevention
63(1)
Attention Disorders
63(1)
Schizophrenia
64(1)
Overcoming Problems of the Mind
65(3)
Where Can I Turn for Help?
65(1)
Types of Therapists
66(1)
Options for Treatment
66(1)
Alternative Mind-Mood Products
67(1)
The Bottom Line: The Keys to Psychological Wellness
68(6)
Making This Chapter Work for You
69(1)
Critical Thinking
70(1)
Profile Plus
70(1)
Sites & Bytes
70(1)
Info Trac College Edition
71(1)
Key Terms
71(1)
References
71(3)
Personal Stress Management
74(27)
What Is Stress?
76(1)
What Causes Stress?
76(1)
Is Stress Hazardous to Physical Health?
77(3)
Stress and The Heart
79(1)
Stress and the Immune System
79(1)
Stress and the Digestive System
80(1)
Other Stress Symptoms
80(1)
Stress on Campus
80(6)
Students Under Stress
81(1)
Test Stress
82(2)
Minorities and Stress
84(2)
Other Personal Stressors
86(2)
Why Is Everyone So Angry?
86(1)
Job Stress
87(1)
Illness and Disability
88(1)
Societal Stressors
88(1)
Discrimination
89(1)
Violence and Terrorism
89(1)
Stress Survival
89(2)
What Can Help Me Relax?
91(2)
Is Stress Hazardous to Psychological Health?
93(2)
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
93(1)
Resilience: Bouncing Back from Adversity
94(1)
Time Management
95(1)
Poor Time Management
95(1)
How Can I Better Manage My Time?
95(1)
Overcoming Procrastination
96(1)
The Bottom Line: De-stress Your Life
96(5)
Making This Chapter Work for You
97(1)
Critical Thinking
98(1)
Profile Plus
98(1)
Sites & Bytes
98(1)
Info Trac College Edition
99(1)
Key Terms
99(1)
References
99(2)
SECTION II Healthy Lifestyles
101(108)
The Joy of Fitness
102(38)
What Is Physical Fitness?
104(1)
The Inactivity Epidemic
105(2)
The Campus Couch Potato Crisis
105(1)
How Can I Motivate Myself to Get Moving?
105(2)
Physical Activity and Health
107(5)
The Toll of Inactivity
108(1)
The Benefits of Physical Activity
109(3)
The Principles of Exercise
112(2)
Overload Principle
112(1)
The FITT Principle
112(1)
Reversibility Principle
113(1)
How Much Exercise is Enough?
113(1)
Cardiorespiratory or Aerobic Fitness
114(5)
How Can I Tell If I'm Working Hard Enough?
114(1)
Designing an Aerobic Workout
115(2)
Aerobic Options
117(2)
Muscular Strength and Endurance
119(5)
Exercise and Muscles
120(1)
Designing a Muscle Workout
121(1)
What Should I Know About Performance-Boosting Drugs?
122(2)
Flexibility
124(2)
The Benefits of Flexibility
124(1)
Types of Stretching
124(2)
What Is the Difference Between Stretching and Warming Up?
126(1)
Body Composition
126(3)
Body Mass Index (BMI)
126(1)
Body Composition Assessment
126(2)
Can a Person Be Fat and Fit?
128(1)
Nutrition for an Active Life
129(1)
How Much Water Should I Drink?
129(1)
Nutrition and Athletic Performance
129(1)
Sports Safety
130(2)
How Can I Prevent Sports Injuries?
130(1)
Beyond the Gym
131(1)
Thinking of Temperature
131(1)
Toxic Workouts
132(1)
Overtraining
132(1)
Evaluating Fitness Products and Programs
132(2)
How Do I Buy the Right Athletic Shoes?
132(1)
Exercise Equipment
133(1)
Fitness Centers and Trainers
134(1)
The Bottom Line: Fitness for Life
134(6)
Making This Chapter Work for You
135(1)
Critical Thinking
136(1)
Profile Plus
136(1)
Sites & Bytes
136(1)
Info Trac College Edition
136(1)
Key Terms
137(1)
References
137(3)
Personal Nutrition
140(40)
What You Need to Know About Nutrients
142(12)
Water
143(1)
Protein
143(2)
Carbohydrates
145(1)
Fats
146(2)
Vitamins and Minerals
148(6)
Phytochemicals
154(1)
Eating for Good Health
154(9)
Portions and Servings
157(1)
The USDA Food Guide Pyramid
158(1)
Grains Group (6--11 servings a day)
159(1)
Vegetables Group (3--5 servings a day)
159(1)
Fruits Group (2--4 servings a day)
160(1)
Meat and Beans Group (2--3 servings a day)
161(1)
Milk Group (2--3 servings a day)
161(1)
Fats, Oils, and Sweets (small amount each day)
162(1)
Does the Pyramid Need Rebuilding?
162(1)
Alternative Food Guides
162(1)
Nutritional Supplements
163(1)
Should I Take Vitamin Supplements?
163(1)
Knowing What You Eat
163(5)
What Should I Look for on Nutrition Labels?
163(5)
Functional Foods
168(1)
The Way We Eat
168(3)
Dietary Diversity
168(2)
What Should I Know About Vegetarian Diets?
170(1)
Fast Food: Nutrition on the Run
171(1)
Food Safety
171(4)
Pesticides, Irradiation, and Genetic Engineering
171(1)
Additives: Risk Versus Benefits
172(1)
What Causes Food Poisoning?
172(3)
Food Allergies
175(1)
Nutritional Quackery
175(1)
The Bottom Line: A Lifetime of Healthy Eating
175(5)
Making This Chapter Work for You
176(1)
Critical Thinking
176(1)
Profile Plus
177(1)
Sites & Bytes
177(1)
Info Trac College Edition
177(1)
Key Terms
178(1)
References
178(2)
Eating Patterns and Problems
180(29)
Body Image
182(1)
Weight Assessment
182(2)
How Many Calories Do I Need?
184(1)
The Anatomy of Appetite
184(1)
Unhealthy Eating Behavior
184(4)
Disordered Eating in College Students
186(1)
Extreme Dieting
187(1)
Compulsive Overeating
187(1)
Binge Eating
188(1)
Eating Disorders
188(5)
Who Develops Eating Disorders?
188(1)
Anorexia Nervosa
189(2)
Bulimia Nervosa
191(2)
The Silent Epidemic: ``Globesity''
193(3)
How Did We Get So Fat?
193(1)
Health Dangers of Being Overweight or Obese
194(2)
Years of Life Lost (YLL)
196(1)
Overcoming Weight Problems
196(2)
A Practical Guide to Weight Loss
198(4)
Which Diets Are Safe and Effective?
199(1)
Avoiding Diet Traps
200(2)
The Psychology of Weight Loss
202(1)
The 60-Minute Solution
203(1)
The Bottom Line: Healthy Weight Management for Life
203(6)
Making This Chapter Work For You
204(1)
Critical Thinking
205(1)
Profile Plus
205(1)
Sites & Bytes
206(1)
Info Trac College Edition
206(1)
Key Terms
206(1)
References
206(3)
SECTION III Responsible Sexuality
209(112)
Communication and Relationships
210(28)
Personal Communication
212(2)
Communicating Feelings
212(1)
Nonverbal Communication
212(2)
Forming Relationships
214(3)
I, Myself, and Me
214(1)
Friendship
214(2)
Can Relationships Be Bad For You?
216(1)
Dating
216(1)
Intimate Relationships
217(4)
What Causes Romantic Attraction?
218(1)
The Science of Romantic Love
218(2)
Mature Love
220(1)
When Love Ends
221(1)
Living Arrangements
221(3)
Living with Parents
221(1)
Single Life
222(1)
Cohabitation
223(1)
Committed Relationships
224(5)
Marriage
224(1)
Types of Marriage
225(1)
Issues Couples Confront
225(3)
Why Do People Still Get Married?
228(1)
Couples Therapy
228(1)
What Is the Current Divorce Rate?
228(1)
Family Ties
229(3)
Diversity Within Families
229(1)
Becoming Parents
230(1)
Working Parents
230(1)
Single Parents
231(1)
How Does Divorce Affect Children?
231(1)
Blended Families
231(1)
Dysfunctional Relationships
232(1)
What Is Codependence?
232(1)
Enabling
232(1)
The Bottom Line: Building Better Relationships
233(5)
Making This Chapter Work For You
234(1)
Critical Thinking
235(1)
Profile Plus
235(1)
Sites & Bytes
235(1)
Info Trac College Edition
235(1)
Key Terms
236(1)
References
236(2)
Personal Sexuality
238(36)
Becoming Male or Female
240(2)
Are You an X or a Y?
240(1)
How Do Hormones Work?
240(1)
Sexual Stereotypes
241(1)
Women's Sexual Health
242(5)
Female Sexual Anatomy
242(2)
What Is The Menstrual Cycle?
244(3)
Men's Sexual Health
247(1)
Male Sexual Anatomy
247(1)
What Is Circumcision?
248(1)
Responsible Sexuality
248(3)
Sexually Healthy Relationships
248(3)
Sexual Behavior
251(3)
Adolescent Sexuality
251(1)
How Sexually Active Are College Students?
252(1)
Why Don't College Students Practice Safer Sex?
253(1)
The Sex Life of American Adults
254(1)
Sexual Diversity
254(2)
Bisexuality
255(1)
Homosexuality
255(1)
Sexual Activity
256(5)
Celibacy
256(1)
Fantasy
257(1)
What Does It Mean to Abstain?
257(1)
Sex in Cyberspace
258(1)
Masturbation
258(1)
Kissing and Touching
259(1)
Intercourse
259(1)
Oral-Genital Sex
260(1)
Anal Stimulation and Intercourse
260(1)
Cultural Variations
260(1)
Sexual Response
261(1)
Excitement
262(1)
Plateau
262(1)
Orgasm
262(1)
Resolution
262(1)
Sexual Concerns
262(6)
Safer Sex
263(1)
What Are the Most Common Sexual Problems?
263(1)
Sexual Dysfunction
264(2)
Sex Therapy
266(1)
Drugs and Sex
266(1)
Atypical Behavior
266(2)
The Business of Sex
268(1)
The Bottom Line: Smarter Sex
268(6)
Making This Chapter Work for You
268(1)
Critical Thinking
269(1)
Profile Plus
270(1)
Sites & Bytes
270(1)
Info Trac College Edition
271(1)
Key Terms
271(1)
References
272(2)
Reproductive Choices
274(47)
Conception
276(1)
Birth Control Basics
277(1)
How Do I Choose a Birth Control Method?
278(3)
Abstinence and Outercourse
281(1)
Hormonal Contraceptives
282(6)
Oral Contraceptives
282(3)
The Patch (Ortho Evra)
285(1)
The NuvaRing
286(1)
Contraceptive Injectables
286(1)
Contraceptive Implants
287(1)
Intrauterine Contraceptives
288(1)
Mirena
288(1)
Copper T
288(1)
Barrier Contraceptives
289(7)
Prescription Barriers
289(1)
Nonprescription Barriers
290(6)
Periodic Abstinence and Fertility Awareness Methods
296(3)
Calendar Method
296(1)
The Standard Days Method
297(1)
Basal-Body-Temperature Method
297(1)
Cervical Mucus Method
297(1)
What Is Emergency Contraception?
298(1)
Sterilization
299(2)
Male Sterilization
299(1)
Female Sterilization
300(1)
Abortion
301(4)
Thinking Through the Options
301(1)
Medical Abortion
302(1)
Other Abortion Methods
303(1)
What Is the Psychological Impact of Abortion?
304(1)
Politics of Abortion
304(1)
A Cross--Cultural Perspective
305(1)
Childfree by Choice
305(1)
Pregnancy
305(5)
Preconception Care: A Preventive Approach
305(1)
How a Woman's Body Changes During Pregnancy
306(1)
How a Baby Grows
306(1)
Why Is Prenatal Care Important?
306(2)
Prenatal Testing
308(1)
Complications of Pregnancy
309(1)
Childbirth
310(4)
Preparing for Childbirth
310(1)
What Is Childbirth Like?
311(1)
Breast-Feeding Versus Bottle-Feeding
312(1)
Babies at Risk
313(1)
Infertility
314(1)
What Are the Options for Infertile Couples?
314(1)
Artificial Insemination
314(1)
Assisted Reproductive Technology
314(1)
Adoption
315(1)
The Bottom Line: Reproductive Health
316(5)
Making This Chapter Work For You
316(1)
Critical Thinking
317(1)
Profile Plus
317(1)
Sites & Bytes
318(1)
InfoTrac College Edition
318(1)
Key Terms
318(1)
References
319(2)
SECTION IV Avoiding Health Risks
321(100)
Drug Use, Misuse, and Abuse
322(38)
Understanding Drugs and Their Effects
324(1)
Routes of Administration
324(1)
Dosage and Toxicity
324(1)
Individual Differences
324(1)
Setting
325(1)
Types of Action
325(1)
Medications
325(4)
What Should I Know About Buying Over-the-Counter Drugs?
325(1)
Prescription Drugs
326(3)
Caffeine Use and Misuse
329(1)
Is It Possible to Overdose on Caffeine?
330(1)
Substance Use Disorders
330(5)
Understanding Substance Use Disorders
330(1)
Dependence
331(2)
What Causes Drug Dependence and Abuse?
333(2)
The Toll of Drugs
335(1)
Drugs in Society
335(2)
How Common Is Drug Use on Campus?
336(1)
Drugs and Driving
336(1)
Drugs on the Job
337(1)
Common Drugs of Abuse
337(15)
Cannabis
337(5)
Club Drugs (Designer Drugs)
342(2)
Stimulants
344(3)
Depressants
347(3)
Hallucinogens
350(1)
Inhalants
351(1)
Treating Drug Dependence and Abuse
352(2)
12-Step Programs
352(1)
Relapse Prevention
353(1)
Outlook
354(1)
Codependence
354(1)
The Bottom Line: Living Drug-Free
354(6)
Making This Chapter Work For You
355(1)
Critical Thinking
356(1)
Profile Plus
356(1)
Sites & Bytes
357(1)
Info Trac College Edition
357(1)
Key Terms
357(1)
References
358(2)
Alcohol Use, Misuse, and Abuse
360(34)
Alcohol and Its Effects
362(6)
How Much Alcohol Can I Drink?
362(1)
Your Body's Response to Alcohol
362(2)
How Much Alcohol Is Too Much?
364(1)
Intoxication
364(1)
The Impact of Alcohol
364(3)
Interaction with Other Drugs
367(1)
Drinking in America
368(2)
Why People Drink
368(1)
Patterns of Alcohol Use
369(1)
Teen Drinking
370(1)
Drinking in College
370(6)
How Common Is Drinking on College Campuses?
370(1)
Why College Students Drink
371(1)
Binge Drinking on Campus
371(2)
Underage Drinking on Campus
373(1)
The Toll of College Drinking
373(1)
Alcohol Problems on Campus
374(1)
Changing Drinking Patterns on Campus
375(1)
Drinking and Driving
376(1)
Alcohol and Race
377(1)
African-American Community
377(1)
Hispanic Community
377(1)
Native American Community
378(1)
Asian-American Community
378(1)
Alcohol and Gender
378(1)
Alcohol Problems
379(5)
Types of Alcoholism
381(1)
What Causes Alcohol Dependence and Abuse?
381(2)
Medical Complications of Alcohol Abuse and Dependence
383(1)
Alcoholism Treatments
384(2)
Detoxification
384(1)
Are There Medications That Treat Alcoholism?
385(1)
Inpatient or Residential Treatment
385(1)
Outpatient Treatment
385(1)
Recovery
386(1)
Alcoholism's Impact on Relationships
386(2)
Codependence and Enabling
386(1)
Growing Up with an Alcoholic Parent
387(1)
Adult Children of Alcoholics
387(1)
The Bottom Line: Taking Charge of Your Alcohol Use
388(6)
Making This Chapter Work for You
388(1)
Critical Thinking
389(1)
Profile Plus
390(1)
Sites & Bytes
390(1)
Info Trac College Edition
390(1)
Key Terms
391(1)
References
391(3)
Tobacco Use, Misuse, and Abuse
394(27)
Tobacco's Immediate Effects
396(1)
How Nicotine Works
396(1)
Tar and Carbon Monoxide
396(1)
Health Effects of Cigarette Smoking
396(3)
Heart Disease and Stroke
397(1)
Cancer
398(1)
Respiratory Diseases
398(1)
Other Smoking-Related Problems
399(1)
Smoking and Medication
399(1)
The Impact of Tobacco
399(3)
Financial Cost of Smoking
400(1)
Why Do People Start Smoking?
400(1)
Why People Keep Smoking
401(1)
Smoking in America
402(3)
Tobacco Use on Campus
404(1)
College Tobacco-Control Policies
405(1)
Smoking and Race
405(1)
Smoking and Gender
406(1)
Other Forms of Tobacco
407(3)
Cigars
408(1)
Clove Cigarettes
408(1)
What Are Bidis?
408(1)
Pipes
409(1)
Smokeless Tobacco
409(1)
``Safer'' Cigarettes
410(1)
Environmental Tobacco Smoke
410(1)
What Are the Risks of Secondhand Smoke?
410(1)
Families of Smokers: Living Dangerously
410(1)
The Politics of Tobacco
411(1)
``Big Tobacco''
411(1)
The Fight for Clean Air
411(1)
Quitting
412(4)
Quitting on Your Own
413(1)
Stop-Smoking Groups
413(1)
Nicotine Replacement Therapy
413(2)
Bupropion (Zyban)
415(1)
Other Ways to Quit
416(1)
The Bottom Line: Living Smoke-Free
416(5)
Making This Chapter Work For You
416(1)
Critical Thinking
417(1)
Profile Plus
418(1)
Sites & Bytes
418(1)
Info Trac College Edition
418(1)
Key Terms
418(1)
References
419(2)
SECTION V Protecting Your Health
421(146)
Preventing Infectious Diseases
422(46)
Understanding Infection
424(2)
Agents of Infection
424(1)
How Do You Catch an Infection?
425(1)
The Process of Infection
426(1)
How Your Body Protects Itself
426(4)
Immune Response
429(1)
Immunity and Stress
429(1)
Immune Disorders
429(1)
Immunization: The Key to Prevention
430(3)
Immunizations for Children
430(2)
Immunizations for Adolescents and Young Adults
432(1)
Immunizations for Adults
433(1)
Infectious Diseases
433(11)
Who Is at Highest Risk of Infectious Diseases?
433(1)
Common Cold
434(2)
Influenza
436(1)
Meningitis
437(1)
Hepatitis
437(1)
Mononucleosis
438(1)
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS)
438(1)
Pneumonia
438(2)
Tuberculosis
440(1)
Group A and Group B Strep Infection
440(1)
Toxic Shock Syndrome
441(1)
Insect and Animal Borne Infections
441(2)
New Infectious Threats
443(1)
Reproductive and Urinary Tract Infections
444(1)
Vaginal Infections
444(1)
Urinary Tract Infections
445(1)
Sexually Transmitted Infections
445(12)
STIs in Adolescents and Young Adults
445(2)
Prevention and Protection
447(5)
Chlamydia
452(1)
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
453(1)
Gonorrhea
453(1)
Nongonococcal Urethritis
454(1)
Syphilis
454(1)
Herpes
455(1)
What Is Human Papilloma Virus?
456(1)
Chancroid
457(1)
Pubic Lice and Scabies
457(1)
HIV and AIDS
457(4)
The Spread of HIV
458(1)
Reducing the Risk of HIV Transmission
458(1)
HIV Infection
459(1)
HIV Testing
460(1)
Diagnosing AIDS
461(1)
Treating HIV/AIDS
461(1)
The Bottom Line: The Best Defense
461(7)
Making This Chapter Work for You
462(1)
Critical Thinking
463(1)
Profile Plus
463(1)
Sites & Bytes
463(1)
Info Trac College Edition
464(1)
Key Terms
464(1)
References
464(4)
Keeping You Heart Healthy
468(34)
How the Heart Works
470(1)
Preventing Heart Problems
471(3)
Why Should I Worry About Heart Disease?
472(1)
Physical Activity
472(1)
Heart-Healthy Nutrition
473(1)
Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease
474(5)
Risk Factors You Can Control
474(4)
Risk Factors You Can't Control
478(1)
High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)
479(3)
Preventing Hypertension
481(1)
What Is a Health Blood Pressure?
481(1)
Controlling High Blood Pressure
482(1)
Your Lipoprotein Profile
482(4)
What Is a Healthy Cholesterol Reading?
483(1)
Lowering Cholesterol
484(1)
Novel Risk Factors
485(1)
Crises of the Heart
486(6)
Coronary Artery Disease
486(1)
Angina Pectoris
487(1)
Coronary Artery Spasms
487(1)
Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction)
487(3)
Arrhythmias (Heart Rate Abnormalities)
490(1)
Mitral-Valve Prolapse
491(1)
Congestive Heart Failure
492(1)
Rheumatic Fever
492(1)
Congenital Defects
492(1)
Heart Savers
492(2)
Diagnostic Tests
492(1)
Treatments
493(1)
Stroke
494(2)
What Causes a Stroke?
494(1)
Transient Ischemic Attacks (TIAs)
495(1)
Risk Factors for Strokes
495(1)
Treatments for Strokes
495(1)
The Bottom Line: Heart-Smart Strategies for Life
496(6)
Making This Chapter Work For You
496(1)
Critical Thinking
497(1)
Profile Plus
498(1)
Sites & Bytes
498(1)
Info Trac College Edition
498(1)
Key Terms
499(1)
References
499(3)
Lowering Your Risk of Cancer and Other Major Diseases
502(32)
Understanding Cancer
504(1)
How Cancer Begins
504(1)
How Cancer Spreads
504(1)
Cancer Staging
504(1)
Who Is at Risk for Developing Cancer?
504(3)
Heredity
506(1)
Racial and Ethnic Groups
506(1)
Obesity
506(1)
Infectious Agents
507(1)
How Can I Reduce My Cancer Risk?
507(1)
Cancer-Smart Nutrition
507(1)
Tobacco Smoke
507(1)
Environmental Risks
508(1)
Early Detection
508(1)
Chemoprevention
508(1)
Common Types of Cancer
508(10)
Skin Cancer
508(4)
Breast Cancer
512(3)
Cervical Cancer
515(1)
Ovarian Cancer
515(1)
Colon and Rectal Cancer
515(1)
Prostate Cancer
516(1)
Testicular Cancer
517(1)
Leukemia
517(1)
Lung Cancer
517(1)
Oral Cancer
518(1)
New Hope Against Cancer
518(2)
Using the Mind to Help the Body
518(1)
Cancer Survivorship
519(1)
Diabetes Mellitus
520(2)
Understanding Diabetes
520(1)
Who Is at Risk for Developing Diabetes?
520(1)
Dangers of Diabetes
521(1)
Diabetes and Ethnic Minorities
521(1)
Treatment
521(1)
Other Major Illnesses
522(6)
Epilepsy and Seizure Disorders
522(1)
Respiratory Diseases
522(1)
Anemias
523(1)
Liver Disorders
524(1)
Kidney Diseases
524(1)
Digestive Diseases
525(1)
Disorders of the Muscles, Joints, and Bones
526(2)
Skin Disorders
528(1)
Special Needs for Different Abilities
528(1)
The Bottom Line: Protecting Yourself from Cancer and Major Illnesses
528(6)
Making This Chapter Work for You
529(1)
Critical Thinking
530(1)
Profile Plus
530(1)
Sites & Bytes
531(1)
Info Trac College Edition
531(1)
Key Terms
531(1)
References
532(2)
Health-Care Consumerism and Complementary/Alternative Medicine
534(33)
Becoming a Savvy Health-Care Consumer
536(6)
Health Care and the College Student
536(1)
Informing Yourself
536(4)
Evidence-Based Medicine
540(1)
Self-Care
540(1)
Oral Health
541(1)
Getting the Best Health Care
542(6)
How Good is American Health Care?
542(1)
The Doctor-Patient Partnership
543(4)
Elective Treatments
547(1)
Your Medical Rights
548(4)
Your Right to Information
548(2)
Your Right to Privacy and Access to Medical Records
550(1)
Preventing Medical Errors
550(1)
Your Right to Good, Safe, Care
550(2)
Complementary and Alternative Medicine
552(5)
Why People Use CAM Therapies
552(1)
Evidence-Based CAM
553(1)
What Should I Know Before I Try CAM?
553(1)
Types of CAM
554(3)
The Health-Care System
557(3)
Health-Care Practitioners
557(1)
Health-Care Facilities
558(2)
Paying for Health Care
560(2)
Traditional Health Insurance
560(1)
What Is Managed Care?
560(1)
Government-Financed Insurance Plans
561(1)
The Uninsured
561(1)
The Bottom Line: Taking Charge of Your Health Care
562(5)
Making This Chapter Work for You
563(1)
Critical Thinking
564(1)
Profile Plus
564(1)
Sites & Bytes
564(1)
Info Trac College Edition
565(1)
Key Terms
565(1)
References
565(2)
SECTION VI Health in Context
567
A Lifetime of Health
568(34)
Living in an Aging Society
570(1)
How Long Can I Expect to Live?
570(1)
Successful Aging
571(9)
Exercise: An Antiaging Pill
571(2)
Changing Nutritional Needs
573(1)
Does Body Composition Change with Age?
573(1)
The Aging Brain
574(1)
Women at Midlife
575(3)
Men at Midlife
578(2)
Sexuality and Aging
580(1)
The Challenges of Age
580(4)
Alzheimer's Disease
580(2)
Osteoporosis
582(1)
Substance Misuse and Abuse
583(1)
Is It Ever Too Late to Quit Smoking?
583(1)
Depression
583(1)
Driving Risks
584(1)
Death and Dying
584(3)
Defining Death
584(1)
The Meaning of Death
585(1)
Denying Death
585(1)
Emotional Responses to Dying
586(1)
Preparing for Medical Crises and the End of Life
587(4)
The Five Wishes
587(1)
What Are Advance Directives?
587(1)
Living Wills
587(3)
Holographic Wills
590(1)
Ethical Dilemmas
590(1)
The Gift of Life
590(1)
How We Die
591(2)
A ``Good'' Death
591(1)
Caregiving
592(1)
Hospice: Caring When Curing Isn't Possible
592(1)
What Do We Know About Near-Death Experiences?
592(1)
Suicide
593(1)
``Rational'' Suicide
593(1)
Physician-Assisted Suicide
593(1)
The Practicalities of Death
594(1)
Funeral Arrangements
594(1)
Autopsies
595(1)
Grief
595(2)
Grief's Effects on Health
596(1)
Methods of Mourning
596(1)
How Can You Help Survivors of a Loss?
596(1)
The Bottom Line: Living Long and Well
597(5)
Making This Chapter Work for You
597(1)
Critical Thinking
598(1)
Profile Plus
598(1)
Sites and Bytes
599(1)
Info Trac College Edition
599(1)
Key Terms
599(1)
References
600(2)
Staying Safe: Preventing Injury, Violence, and Victimization
602(30)
Unintentional Injury: Why Accidents Happen
604(1)
Age
604(1)
Alcohol and Drugs
604(1)
Stress
604(1)
Situational Factors
604(1)
Thrill Seeking
604(1)
What Should I Do in an Emergency Situation?
604(1)
Safety on the Road
605(4)
Safe Drivers and Vehicles
605(4)
Safe Cycling
609(1)
Safety at Work
609(1)
Can My Computer Be a Health Hazard?
609(1)
Safety at Home
610(1)
Falls
611(1)
Fires
611(1)
Safety at Play
611(2)
Handling Heat
611(1)
Coping with Cold
611(1)
Drowning
612(1)
Intentional Injury: Living in a Dangerous World
613(6)
Coping with the Threat of Violence and Terrorism
613(1)
Violence in the United States
613(1)
The Roots of Aggression and Violence
613(2)
Teen Violence
615(1)
Hate Crimes
615(1)
Crime on Campus
615(1)
Family Violence
616(3)
Sexual Victimization and Violence
619(2)
What Is Sexual Harassment?
619(1)
Sexual Harassment on the Job
619(1)
Sexual Harassment on Campus
619(1)
Sexual Victimization on Campus
620(1)
Sexual Violence on Campus
621(1)
Sexual Coercion and Rape
621(6)
Types of Rape
622(1)
Acquaintance or Date Rape
622(1)
How Can I Prevent Date Rape?
623(1)
Male Nonconsensual Sex and Rape
623(2)
Impact of Rape
625(1)
What to Do in Case of Rape
625(1)
Halting Sexual Violence
626(1)
The Bottom Line: Helping the Victims of Violence
627(5)
Making This Chapter Work for You
627(1)
Critical Thinking
628(1)
Profile Plus
628(1)
Sites and Bytes
629(1)
Info Trac College Edition
629(1)
Key Terms
629(1)
References
629(3)
Working Toward a Healthy Environment
632
The State of the Environment
634(2)
Our Planet, Our Health
634(1)
Multiple Chemical Sensitivity
634(1)
Pollution
635(1)
What Is Global Warming?
636(1)
Clearing the Air
636(4)
Smog
637(1)
Acid Rain
638(2)
Indoor Pollutants
640(2)
Formaldehyde
640(1)
Asbestos
640(1)
Lead
641(1)
Is Mold Dangerous?
641(1)
Mercury
642(1)
Carbon Monoxide and Nitrogen Dioxide
642(1)
Radon
642(1)
Your Hearing Health
642(2)
How Loud Is That Noise?
642(1)
Effects of Noise
643(1)
The Quality of Our Drinking Water
644(1)
Is Bottled Water Better?
644(1)
Fluoride
645(1)
Chlorine
645(1)
Lead
645(1)
Chemical Risks
645(1)
What Health Risks Are Caused by Pesticides?
645(1)
Possible Invisible Dangers
646(2)
Electromagnetic Fields
646(1)
Microwaves
647(1)
Are Cell Phones Safe to Use?
647(1)
Irradiated Foods
647(1)
Ionizing Radiation
647(1)
Diagnostic X-Rays
648(1)
The Bottom Line: Taking Care of Mother Earth
648
Making This Chapter Work for You
649(1)
Critical Thinking
650(1)
Profile Plus
650(1)
Sites and Bytes
650(1)
Info Trac College Edition
650(1)
Key Terms
651(1)
References
651
Contract for Change2(1)
Health Information on the Internet3(3)
Your Health Directory6(11)
Emergency!17(4)
A Consumer's Guide to Medical Tests21(6)
Counting Calories and Fat Grams27
Glossary1(1)
Photography Credits1(1)
Index1
Dianne Hales, one of the most widely published and honored health journalists in the country, is a contributing editor for Parade and Ladies Home Journal and has written more than 1,000 articles for national publications

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