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Media Effects Research A Basic Overview (with InfoTrac)

by: Sparks, Glenn G.

Media Effects Research A Basic Overview (with InfoTrac)

by: Sparks, Glenn G.

ISBN 13:
9780534629175
ISBN 10:
0534629172
Edition: 2nd
Format: Paperback
Copyright: 03/31/2005
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Summary

Theories and Theoretical Concepts Discussed in the Text. Preface. Acknowledgments. 1. A Scientific Approach to the Study of Media Effects. 2. Scientific Methods in Media Effects Research. 3. A Brief History of Media Effects Research. 4. Time Spent With Mass Media: Reasons and Consequences. 5. Effects of Media Violence. 6. Sexual Content in the Media. 7. Media that Stir Emotions. 8. Persuasive Effects of the Media. 9. The Effects of News and Political Content. 10. The Effects of Media Stereotypes. 11. The Impact of New Media Technologies. 12. Meet Marshall McLuhan: A Less Scientific Approach to Media Impact. Names Index. Subject Index.

Preface

xvii

A Scientific Approach to the Study of Media Effects

(19)

Ways of Knowing

(2)

Experience

(1)

Authority

(1)

Science

(1)

Goals of Science

(4)

Prediction

(1)

Explanation

(1)

Understanding

(1)

Control

(2)

How Are the Goals of Science Achieved?

(3)

Theory

(2)

Falsifiability

(1)

The Nature of Science

(6)

Science Is General

(1)

Science Acknowledges the Existence of Objective Truth

(2)

Science Assumes a Skeptical Attitude

(1)

Science Can't Answer Certain Kinds of Questions

(1)

Summary

(1)

Key Terms and Concepts

(1)

Notes

(2)

Scientific Methods in Media Effects Research

(23)

Analyzing Media Content

(5)

What Is Content Analysis?

(1)

An Example: The Content of Top-Grossing Movies

(3)

The Sample Survey

(4)

An Example: The Effects of Talk Show Viewing on Adolescents

(3)

The Search for Causal Relationships

(6)

Criteria for Causal Relationships

(5)

The Experimental Method

(5)

Manipulation of a Key Variable

(1)

Random Assignment to Experimental Conditions

(1)

Identical Treatment Except for the Manipulation

(1)

Control Groups

(1)

Different Experimental Designs

(1)

An Example: The Effects of Mood on Music Listening Choice

(2)

Controversy About Research Methods

(1)

Another Methodological Approach

(1)

Summary

(1)

Key Terms and Concepts

(1)

Notes

(1)

A Brief History of Media Effects Research

(20)

Setting the Stage

(2)

1898---Congress Declares War on Spain

(1)

1917---Propaganda in World War I

(1)

The 1920s---Movies Explode as Mainstream Entertainment

(1)

1929---1932---The Payne Fund Studies

(3)

What Was the Content of Movies?

(1)

The Emotional Impact of Movies

(1)

Does Watching Movies Affect Behavior?

(2)

The Aftermath of the Payne Fund Studies

(1)

The Invasion from Mars

(2)

The Research at Princeton

(1)

Early Theory of Media Effects: The Magic Bullet Model

(1)

The People's Choice Study: The Limited-Effects Model

(5)

Why Use Control Groups?

(1)

Media Impact in the 1940 Campaign

(1)

Experiments on World War II Movies

(2)

The Limited-Effects Perspective

(2)

The Evils of Comic Books

(1)

The Dawn of Television

(1)

Many Types of Media Effects

(2)

Summary

(1)

Key Terms and Concepts

(1)

Notes

(2)

Time Spent with Mass Media: Reasons and Consequences

(18)

The Uses and Gratifications Perspective

(5)

Why Do Children Watch TV?

(4)

Uses and Gratifications Among Older Viewers

(1)

The Problem with Self-Reports

(1)

Time Spent with Media

(7)

The Displacement Hypothesis

(3)

Television Viewing and Obesity

(2)

Summary

(1)

Key Terms and Concepts

(1)

Notes

(3)

Effects of Media Violence

(25)

The Presence of Violent Content

(3)

The Causal Link Between Viewing Violence and Behaving Aggressively

(7)

The Research of Albert Bandura

(2)

The Long-Term Studies of Leonard Eron and Rowell Huesmann

(2)

The Research of Brandon Centerwall

(1)

The Catharsis Hypothesis

(1)

A Priming Analysis of the Effect of Media Violence

(1)

Desensitization to Violence

(2)

What About Video Games? Are They Training Kids to Kill?

(6)

An Opinion on Video Games from an Expert on ``Killology''

(1)

What Does the Research Say?

(4)

Why Do People Like Media Violence?

101

(1)

Concluding Comments

102

(1)

Summary

103

(1)

Key Terms and Concepts

103

(1)

Notes

104

(2)

Sexual Content in the Media

106

(21)

Human Sexuality Brings Out Passionate Opinion

106

(2)

Sorting Out Definitions and Terms

108

(1)

The Commission on Obscenity and Pornography

109

(4)

Major Finding

109

(1)

A Reexamination of the Commission's Findings

110

(3)

Research Following the Commission Report

113

(3)

Content Available

113

(1)

Perceptual Consequences of Viewing

113

(1)

Behavioral Consequences of Viewing

114

(2)

The Meese Commission Report on Pornography

116

(2)

Major Conclusion

116

(2)

Sex on Prime-Time TV

118

(5)

The Dynamics of Excitation Transfer

118

(2)

Content Analyses

120

(1)

Sexual Behavior and Viewing

121

(2)

Control over Media Content

123

(1)

Sex and the Internet

123

(1)

Legal Control

123

(1)

Social or Economic Control

124

(1)

Control Through Education

124

(1)

Summary

124

(1)

Key Terms and Concepts

125

(1)

Notes

125

(2)

Media That Stir Emotions

127

(21)

Fright Reactions to Media Are Prevalent

128

(1)

Developmental Theory: What Scares One Child May Not Scare Another

129

(1)

Experimenting with the Incredible Hulk

130

(4)

Why Is the Paranormal So Scary?

134

(3)

Poltergeist

134

(1)

The Nightmare on Elm Street Series

135

(1)

The Exorcist

136

(1)

Theory About Emotional Coping: What's a Parent to Do?

137

(2)

Is It Fun to Be Scared?

139

(2)

Frightening Films and Roller-Coaster Rides

139

(1)

The Sexual Dynamic in Viewing Frightening Films

140

(1)

Beyond Fear: Other Emotional Reactions to Media

141

(4)

Empathy: I Feel What You Feel

141

(2)

Using Media to Manage Your Mood

143

(1)

Does Mediated Emotion Disrupt and Confuse Our Emotional Well-Being?

143

(2)

Summary

145

(1)

Key Terms and Concepts

146

(1)

Notes

146

(2)

Persuasive Effects of the Media

148

(26)

What Is Persuasion?

148

(1)

How Media Messages Persuade Without Even Trying

149

(6)

The Theory of Media Cultivation: Cultivating Attitudes Is Attitude Change

151

(2)

Do Media Messages About the Paranormal Influence Paranormal Beliefs?

153

(2)

Intentional Persuasion in the Media

155

(3)

Using Entertainment to Improve Public Health

155

(1)

The Great American Values Test

156

(1)

How Does an Advertiser Determine Success?

157

(1)

Some Evidence for the Effectiveness of Advertising

157

(1)

Some Key Principles of Media Persuasion

158

(7)

The Power of the Source

159

(1)

Message Features: Simplicity and Repetition

160

(1)

More Message Features: Fear, Guilt, and Humor

161

(2)

The Health Campaign

163

(2)

Subliminal Persuasion: The Magic Key?

165

(5)

Early History

166

(1)

The Presumed Mechanism

167

(1)

Two Important Questions

167

(2)

The Third-Person Effect

169

(1)

Summary

170

(1)

Key Terms and Concepts

170

(1)

Notes

171

(3)

The Effects of News and Political Content

174

(18)

Thinking About the News

174

(8)

Need for Cognition

175

(1)

Political Sophistication

175

(1)

Agenda-Setting Theory: A Theory About Thinking

176

(2)

The Spiral of Silence

178

(1)

How Much of the News Do We Remember?

179

(3)

The Role of Emotion

182

(4)

Another View of News: Do Certain News Reports Cause More People to Die?

186

(3)

Imitative Suicides and the News

187

(2)

Summary

189

(1)

Key Terms and Concepts

189

(1)

Notes

190

(2)

The Effects of Media Stereotypes

192

(19)

Stereotypical Representations in the Media

192

(11)

Sex Role Stereotypes

193

(2)

Effects of Sex Role Stereotypes

195

(1)

Media Images of Thin Bodies and Effects on Body Image

196

(4)

Racial Stereotypes

200

(1)

Overrepresentation of African Americans as Lawbreakers

200

(3)

The Imbalance in Media Research on Stereotypes

203

(2)

An Intriguing and Under-Studied Media Depiction: Faces

205

(3)

Summary

208

(1)

Key Terms and Concepts

209

(1)

Notes

209

(2)

The Impact of New Media Technologies

211

(14)

The Revolution in New Media Technology

211

(2)

Computers and the Internet: Connection or Alienation?

213

(10)

The Carnegie Mellon Study

214

(2)

Applying the Lessons of History

216

(3)

Thinking About New Technology

219

(2)

Speculation About New Technology Effects

221

(2)

Summary

223

(1)

Key Terms and Concepts

223

(1)

Notes

224

(1)

Meet Marshall Mcluhan: A Less Scientific Approach to Media Impact

225

(18)

Is There Any Value to Considering Marshall McLuhan?

225

(1)

Meet Marshall McLuhan

226

(1)

The Eras of Communication History

227

(4)

The Tribal Age

227

(1)

Moving from the Tribal Age to the Print Age

228

(1)

Moving On to the Current Electronic Age

229

(2)

The Medium Is the Message

231

(1)

The Effects of Electronic Media on Human Beings

232

(7)

Education in the Electronic Age

233

(2)

War in the Electronic Age: Not So ``Hot''

235

(1)

Politics in the Electronic Age: Was Bill Clinton ``Cooler'' Than George Bush?

236

(1)

Did McLuhan's Perspective Predict a Winner Between John Kerry and George W. Bush?

237

(1)

Drugs in the Electronic Age

238

(1)

McLuhan's Influence

239

(1)

Some Final Reflections

240

(1)

Summary

240

(1)

Key Terms and Concepts

241

(1)

Notes

241

(1)

Important Sources on Marshall McLuhan

242

(1)

Appendix: Theories and Theoretical Concepts Discussed in the Text (By Chapter)

243

(2)

Name Index

245

(2)

Subject Index

247

Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

Media Effects Research A Basic Overview (with InfoTrac)

Media Effects Research A Basic Overview (with InfoTrac)

9780534629175

0534629172

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Write a Review

Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

Media Effects Research A Basic Overview (with InfoTrac)

Media Effects Research A Basic Overview (with InfoTrac)

9780534629175

0534629172

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Write a Review

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