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The Reluctant Welfare State With Infotrac: American Social Welfare Policies -- Past, Present, a...

ISBN: 9780534574697 | 0534574696
Edition: 5th
Format: Paperback
Publisher: Brooks Cole
Pub. Date: 7/26/2004

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SummaryTable of Contents
Written in clear, lively prose and supported by Jannson's impeccable research, this highly respected book analyzes the evolution of the American welfare state from colonial times to present--not only covering three centuries of historical developments, but contemporary policies in the first years of the 21st century--and it places social policy in its political, cultural, and societal context. Using social policy history as a catalyst, Jansson invites students to think critically about issues, developments, and policies in prior eras and in con... MORE
Prefacexi
Social Reform in a Society with Conflicting Tendencies
1(12)
A Reluctant Welfare State
2(1)
... MORE
The Controversial Nature of Social Policy
3(5)
Using Social Policy History to Develop a Policy Identity
8(2)
The Raw Stuff of History: Policy Eras
10(1)
From History to Policy Advocacy
11(2)
A Framework for Understanding the Evolution of the Reluctant Welfare State
13(16)
The Two-Sided Context
13(3)
Developing Proposals to Address Social Problems
16(1)
The Role of Political Processes in Creating a Reluctant Welfare State
17(2)
Policy Choices
19(1)
Processes of Implementation
20(1)
Evaluating Social Policies in the Past and in the Present
20(6)
Evaluating Specific Policies with Reference to Outcomes
21(1)
Ethical Reasoning from First Principles
22(3)
Relativism
25(1)
Toward Ethical Reasoning: An Eclectic Approach
26(2)
From Ethical Reasoning to Policy Advocacy
28(1)
Fashioning a New Society in the Wilderness
29(34)
The Feudal Inheritance
30(2)
Social Policy in Medieval Society
32(1)
The Gradual Unraveling of Feudalism
32(3)
Policy Choices in the Period of Transition
35(2)
Positive Policies
35(2)
Punitive Policies
37(1)
The American Colonists
37(4)
Patterns of Continuity
38(2)
Patterns of Change
40(1)
The American Revolution as Catalyst
41(2)
From Revolution to Limited Government
43(1)
Legitimating Limited Government
44(1)
Positive Responses to Social Need
45(4)
Punitive Policies
49(1)
Harsh Treatment of Out-Groups
49(9)
Native Americans
49(4)
African Slaves
53(3)
The Status of Women
56(2)
Ominous Signs
58(1)
Precursors to a Reluctant Welfare State
59(4)
Social Welfare Policy in the Early Republic: 1789--1860
63(28)
Social Realities in the New Nation
64(2)
Immigration and Urbanization
66(2)
A Moral Crusade
68(2)
Social Reform Policies
70(11)
Temperance
70(2)
Antipauperism Strategies
72(3)
Character-Building Institutions
75(4)
Opportunity-Enhancing Policies
79(2)
Radical Movements: Conspicuous by their Absence
81(1)
Out-Groups in the Early Republic
82(9)
Irish Immigrants
82(2)
The Status of Women
84(4)
Precursors of the Reluctant Welfare State
88(3)
Lost Opportunities: The Frontier, the Civil War, and Industrialization
91(32)
Policy at the Frontier
92(7)
Land Policy
92(1)
Conquest and Persecution
93(4)
Finding Laborers
97(1)
Appraisal of Frontier Policy
98(1)
The Civil War and Freed Slaves: An Exercise in Futility?
99(12)
Origins of the Civil War
99(6)
Social Policy during the War
105(1)
Reconstruction
106(4)
Women, Policy, and the War
110(1)
Social Policy and Industrialization
111(7)
Industrialization before the Civil War
111(1)
Industrialization during the Gilded Age
112(1)
The Failure of Regulation
113(5)
The Absence of a Welfare State
118(5)
Social Reform in the Progressive Era
123(42)
Realities in Industrial Society
124(4)
The Genesis of Reform
128(7)
Catalytic Events
129(2)
Intellectual Ferment and Public Opinion
131(3)
The Specter of Social Unrest
134(1)
Regulatory Reforms in the Progressive Era
135(2)
The Limited Social Programs of the Progressive Era
137(4)
Policy Reforms for Women and Children
137(2)
Private Philanthropy
139(1)
Other Policy Reforms
140(1)
The Limited Nature of Progressives' Social Reforms
140(1)
Cultural and Policy Realities that Limited Reform
141(2)
Political Realities that Limited Reform
143(1)
Women and Children: Seizing the Opportunity
144(1)
Social Reformers and the Bull Moose Campaign of 1912
145(4)
Out-Groups in the Progressive Era
149(6)
People of Color
149(3)
Women and Politics
152(2)
Immigrants and the Closing of the Doors
154(1)
The Resilience of Jane Addams and Her Allies
155(1)
The Emergence of Social Work
156(5)
The Evolution of the Reluctant Welfare State
161(4)
The Early Stages of the New Deal
165(26)
The 1920s
166(2)
The Period of Denial: 1929--1933
168(2)
The Era of Emergency Reforms: 1933--1935
170(17)
Forces That Promoted Major Reforms
172(1)
Forces That Limited Roosevelt's Initial Policy Initiatives
173(6)
Emergency Relief
179(5)
Reform of the Economic System
184(3)
Emergency or Permanent Programs?
187(1)
The Evolution of the Reluctant Welfare State
188(3)
Institutionalizing the New Deal
191(34)
Toward Ongoing Programs
192(4)
Liberal Forces
192(3)
Conservative Pressures on Roosevelt
195(1)
Legislation in the Second Half of the New Deal
196(10)
The Social Security Act
197(5)
Labor and Public Works Legislation
202(4)
The Era of Stalemate: 1937--1941
206(2)
Policies During the Era of Stalemate
208(1)
Out-Groups in the New Deal
209(9)
African Americans
209(4)
Women
213(2)
Latinos
215(1)
Asian Americans
216(2)
Social Workers in the New Deal
218(2)
The Evolution of the Reluctant Welfare State
220(5)
The Era of Federal Social Services: The New Frontier and the Great Society
225(47)
World War II, The Postwar Era, and the 1950s
227(4)
The Failure of Social Reform in the Truman Era
227(2)
Eisenhower and the Conservative 1950s
229(2)
The Turn Toward Reform
231(4)
Domestic Policy During the Kennedy Presidency
235(7)
Poverty and Civil Rights: Toward Reform
236(4)
The Course of Reform: Failures and Successes
240(2)
Kennedy and Johnson: A Study in Contrast
242(3)
Johnson's Fateful Initial Choice
245(1)
Johnson's Social Welfare Legacy
245(7)
Civil Rights Legislation
245(1)
Earl Warren and the Supreme Court
246(1)
Medicare and Medicaid
247(2)
Aid to Education
249(1)
The War on Poverty, Welfare Reforms, and Food Stamps
250(2)
The Beleaguered President: 1967--1968
252(4)
Out-Groups in the 1960s
256(9)
Women
256(3)
Gay Men and Lesbians
259(2)
Latinos, Native Americans, and Asian Americans
261(3)
People of Color in the Urban Ghettoes
264(1)
Social Work in the 1960s
265(1)
The Evolution of the Reluctant Welfare State
266(6)
The Paradoxical Era: 1968--1980
272(32)
Richard Nixon: Political Opportunist
273(2)
Nixon's Strategy: Floating Coalitions and Outbidding
275(1)
From Strategy to Policy
276(9)
Welfare Policy
276(4)
Social Security
280(1)
Revenue Sharing and Social Services
280(2)
Civil Rights
282(1)
Health Policy and Other Legislation
283(2)
Nixon's Shift from Reform to Conservatism
285(3)
The Brief Reign of Gerald Ford
288(1)
Jimmy Carter: Outsider in the White House
289(4)
Carter's Domestic Legislation
290(3)
Carter's Fall
293(1)
The Hidden Social Spending Revolution of the 1970s
293(2)
Why Was the Spending Revolution Hidden?
295(1)
Out-Groups in the 1970s
296(3)
The Women's Movement
296(1)
The Mobilization of New Sets of Out-Groups
297(1)
The 1970s as a Revolution in Rights
298(1)
The Beginnings of Backlash
299(1)
The Evolution of the Reluctant Welfare State
299(5)
The Conservative Counterrevolution in the Era of Reagan and Bush
304(45)
The Ascendancy of Conservatism
305(7)
The Legitimation of Conservatism
307(1)
Ronald Reagan as Catalyst
308(1)
Reagan's Emergence as a National Hero
309(1)
Supply-Side Economics: A Positive Way to Be Negative
310(1)
The Campaign of 1980: Two Styles
311(1)
The Reagan Policy Blitzkrieg
312(10)
The Triumph of Conservatism
316(1)
OBRA, Tax Reductions, and Deregulation
317(1)
Reagan's Loss of Momentum
318(1)
Social Security, Job Training, and Medicare
319(3)
Moral Reforms
322(1)
Stalemate
322(3)
The Election of 1984
322(1)
Reagan's Second Term
323(2)
Passing the Torch: From Reagan to Bush
325(1)
Social Policies of the Bush Administration
326(3)
Social Spending and the Politics of the Budget
326(2)
Domestic Reforms
328(1)
Out-Groups in the Era of Reagan and Bush
329(13)
Predictions Come True
330(1)
Poverty and People of Color
330(3)
Immigrants
333(1)
Gay Men and Lesbians
333(2)
People with Disabilities
335(1)
Women
335(1)
Children
336(2)
Aging Americans
338(1)
Homeless Americans
339(2)
The Erosion of Rights
341(1)
The Social Work Profession
342(1)
The Evolution of the Reluctant Welfare State
343(6)
Reluctance Illustrated: Policy Uncertainty during the Clinton Administration
349(52)
The Ascendance of Bill Clinton
350(3)
The Search for the Real Bill Clinton
350(1)
The Search for the New Democrat
351(2)
The Presidential Campaign of 1992
353(1)
Clinton's Grim Options
354(2)
From Social Investment to Deficit Reduction
356(7)
Developing an Economic Package
356(1)
A Brief Digression: The Budget Process
357(2)
The Demise of the Stimulus Package
359(1)
Early Warning Signs
360(1)
The Sacrifice of Social Investments
361(2)
The Second Year: Anticrime Legislation but No Health Reform
363(3)
The Fight for Health Reform
363(3)
Anticrime Legislation
366(1)
Building a Revolution Within the Counterrevolution
366(2)
The House Republicans Take Charge
368(2)
The Budget Confrontation of 1995
370(9)
Toward a Budget Resolution
371(3)
Toward a Reconciliation Bill
374(5)
Clinton's Zigzag Course in Late 1995 and 1996
379(4)
Clinton's Second Term
383(6)
Out-Groups
389(8)
Affirmative Action
389(2)
Immigration
391(1)
Children
392(2)
Women
394(2)
Gay Men and Lesbians
396(1)
Reluctance Illustrated
397(4)
Bush's Quest for Realignment
401(40)
Bush's Quest for Realignment
402(4)
The Presidential Campaign of 2000
406(2)
Two Americas
408(1)
Bush's Domestic Policies
408(4)
September 11, 2001
412(2)
Gridlock
414(2)
Bush Shifts the Agenda Abroad
416(2)
The War With Iraq
418(1)
American Social Welfare Policy Abroad
419(2)
Looking Ahead to 2004
421(3)
Compaign Issues
424(3)
Supreme Court Surprises and Uncertainties
427(1)
Is the Term Out-Group Still Appropriate?
428(9)
Racial and Ethnic Out-Groups
429(1)
People Who Are Physically or Mentally Challenged
430(1)
Aging Americans
430(1)
Poverty and Economic Inequality
431(1)
Women
432(2)
Gays and Lesbians
434(1)
Immigration
435(2)
Revisiting the Term Out-Group
437(1)
Reluctance Illustrated in the Bush Administration
437(4)
Why Has the American Welfare State Been Reluctant---and What Can We Do about It?
441(50)
Manifestations of Reluctance
441(4)
Contextual Causes of Reluctance
445(13)
Cultural Factors
446(5)
Economic Factors
451(3)
Institutional Factors
454(1)
Social Factors
455(2)
The Sequence of Events
457(1)
Legal Factors
458(1)
Political Processes
458(5)
Absence of a Powerful Radical Tradition
458(2)
Nonvoters
460(1)
The Power of American Conservatives
460(1)
Moral Crusades
461(1)
A Rigged System
461(2)
Reluctance as the Outcome of Numerous Factors
463(1)
Some Interpretive Challenges
464(2)
Variations between Eras and Issues
464(1)
Gauging Missing Factors
465(1)
Barriers to Social Reform in Other Nations
465(1)
Some Redeeming Features of the American Welfare State
466(1)
From Determinism to Social Action
467(1)
The Case Against the Welfare State
467(2)
The Case For the Welfare State
469(4)
Missed Opportunities
473(1)
Admitting Errors
473(1)
The Limitations of Public Policy
474(1)
Would Conservatives' Policies Solve Major Social Problems?
475(4)
Reducing Social Spending
475(1)
Delegating Policy Responsibilities to State and Local Government
476(1)
Privatizing Social Services
476(1)
Seeking Nongovernmental Substitutes for Publicly Funded Programs
477(1)
Deterrent Policies
477(1)
Relying on Personal Responsibility
478(1)
Social Welfare in the Context of Globalization and Technology in the 21st Century
479(2)
The Social Reform Tradition in American History
481(3)
Toward Policy Practice and Policy Advocacy
484(3)
Participating in Social Movements
485(1)
Establishing Advocacy Organizations
485(1)
Seeking Social Reforms from within the Government
485(1)
Educating the Public as a Prelude to Social Reforms
486(1)
Electing Reform-Oriented Candidates to Office
486(1)
Influencing Policy from Organizational Settings
486(1)
Whistle-blowers
487(1)
Moving beyond History
487(4)
Name Index491(3)
Subject Index494

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