Good Reasons : Researching and Writing Effective Arguments
ISBN: 9780321513908 | 0321513908
Edition: 4thFormat: Paperback
Publisher: Longman
Pub. Date: 1/1/2009
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Engaging and accessible to all students, Good Reasons is a brief, highly readable introduction to argument by two of the country's foremost rhetoricians. By stressing the rhetorical situation and audience, this argument rhetoric avoids complicated schemes and terminology in favor of providing students with the practical means to find "good reasons" to argue for the positions they take. Good Reasons helps students read, analyze, and write various types of arguments, including visual, verbal, and written. Supporting the authors' instruction are r... MORE
| Preface | p. xvii |
| Introduction: Persuading with Good Reasons | p. 1 |
| What Do We Mean by Argument? | p. 1 |
| What Does Argument Mean for College Writers? | p. 2 |
| How Can You Argue Responsibly? | p. 3 |
| How Can You Argue Respectfully? | p. 4 |
| Reading and Discovering Arguments | |
| Why Argue? | p. 9 |
| Why Do People Write Arguments? | p. 9 |
| Fi... MORE | p. 10 |
| Why Do Some Arguments Succeed? | p. 12 |
| What Are the Goals of Arguments? | p. 16 |
| What Are Rhetorical Appeals? | p. 17 |
| Rachel Carson, The Obligation to Endure | p. 19 |
| Reading Arguments | p. 22 |
| Read Critically | p. 22 |
| Read Actively | p. 22 |
| Finding Good Reasons | p. 24 |
| Recognize Fallacies | p. 26 |
| Respond as a Writer | p. 28 |
| Finding Arguments | p. 30 |
| Find Arguments in Everyday Conversations | p. 30 |
| Find a Topic that Interests You | p. 33 |
| Find a Claim by Exploring | p. 37 |
| Finding Good Reasons | p. 39 |
| Find a Claim by Reading | p. 40 |
| Find Good Reasons | p. 44 |
| Find Evidence to Support Good Reasons | p. 50 |
| Drafting and Revising Arguments | p. 52 |
| State and Evaluate Your Thesis | p. 52 |
| Think about Your Readers | p. 54 |
| Finding Good Reasons | p. 55 |
| Organize Your Argument | p. 57 |
| Write an Engaging Title and Introduction | p. 58 |
| Write a Strong Conclusion | p. 59 |
| Evaluate Your Draft | p. 60 |
| Respond to the Writing of Others | p. 62 |
| Edit and Proofread Carefully | p. 64 |
| Analyzing Arguments | |
| Analyzing Written Arguments | p. 69 |
| What Is Rhetorical Analysis? | p. 69 |
| Build a Rhetorical Analysis | p. 69 |
| Analyze the Rhetorical Features | p. 70 |
| Analyze the Rhetorical Context | p. 75 |
| Write a Rhetorical Analysis | p. 79 |
| Barbara Jordan, Statement on the Articles of Impeachment | p. 80 |
| T. Jonathan Jackson (student), An Argument of Reason and Passion: Barbara Jordan's "Statement on the Articles of Impeachment" | p. 84 |
| Steps to Writing a Rhetorical Analysis | p. 87 |
| Analyzing Visual Arguments | p. 90 |
| What Is a Visual Argument? | p. 90 |
| Analyze Visual Persuasion | p. 92 |
| Analyze Visual Evidence | p. 93 |
| Build a Visual Analysis | p. 96 |
| Write a Visual Analysis | p. 100 |
| Angela Yamashita (student), Got Roddick? | p. 101 |
| Steps to Writing a Visual Analysis | p. 104 |
| Writing Arguments | |
| Putting Good Reasons into Action | p. 109 |
| Use Different Approaches to Construct an Argument | p. 110 |
| Finding Good Reasons | p. 111 |
| Definition Arguments | p. 113 |
| Understand How Definition Arguments Work | p. 113 |
| Recognize Kinds of Definitions | p. 114 |
| Finding Good Reasons | p. 117 |
| Build a Definition Argument | p. 118 |
| Scott McCloud, Setting the Record Straight | p. 121 |
| Chris Nguyen (student), Speech Doesn't Have to Be Pretty to Be Protected | p. 129 |
| Steps to Writing a Definition Argument | p. 134 |
| Causal Arguments | p. 137 |
| Understand How Causal Arguments Work | p. 137 |
| Find Causes | p. 138 |
| Finding Good Reasons | p. 140 |
| Build a Causal Argument | p. 142 |
| Annie Murphy Paul, The Real Marriage Penalty | p. 144 |
| Emily Raine, Why Should I Be Nice to You? Coffee Shops and the Politics of Good Service | p. 147 |
| Steps to Writing a Causal Argument | p. 153 |
| Evaluation Arguments | p. 156 |
| Understand How Evaluation Arguments Work | p. 156 |
| Recognize Kinds of Evaluations | p. 157 |
| Finding Good Reasons | p. 159 |
| Build an Evaluation Argument | p. 160 |
| Michael Eric Dyson, Gangsta Rap and American Culture | p. 162 |
| Rashaun Giddens (student), Stop Loss or "Loss of Trust" | p. 163 |
| Steps to Writing an Evaluation Argument | p. 174 |
| Narrative Arguments | p. 177 |
| Understand How Narrative Arguments Work | p. 178 |
| Recognize Kinds of Narrative Arguments | p. 179 |
| Finding Good Reasons | p. 180 |
| Build a Narrative Argument | p. 181 |
| Leslie Marmon Silko, The Border Patrol State | p. 182 |
| Dagoberto Gilb, My Landlady's Yard | p. 187 |
| Steps to Writing a Narrative Argument | p. 190 |
| Rebuttal Arguments | p. 192 |
| Understand How Rebuttal Arguments Work | p. 193 |
| Finding Good Reasons | p. 195 |
| Recognize Kinds of Rebuttal Arguments | p. 196 |
| Build a Rebuttal Argument | p. 199 |
| Dan Stein, Crossing the Line | p. 200 |
| Gregory Rodriguez, Illegal Immigrants-They're Money | p. 202 |
| Steps to Writing a Rebuttal Argument | p. 205 |
| Proposal Arguments | p. 210 |
| Understand How Proposal Arguments Work | p. 211 |
| Recognize Components of Proposal Arguments | p. 212 |
| Finding Good Reasons | p. 213 |
| Build a Proposal Argument | p. 214 |
| Thomas Homer-Dixon and S. Julio Friedmann, Coal in a Nice Shade of Green | p. 216 |
| Kim Lee (student), Let's Make It a Real Melting Pot with Presidential Hopes for All | p. 219 |
| Steps to Writing a Proposal Argument | p. 223 |
| Designing and Presenting Arguments | |
| Designing Arguments | p. 229 |
| Think About Your Readers | p. 229 |
| Know When to Use Images and Graphics | p. 230 |
| Compose and Edit Images | p. 231 |
| Create Tables, Charts, and Graphs | p. 234 |
| Design Pages for Print | p. 235 |
| Design Pages for the Web | p. 236 |
| Presenting Arguments | p. 238 |
| Plan in Advance | p. 238 |
| Design Effective Visuals | p. 240 |
| Focus on Your Delivery | p. 242 |
| Researching Arguments | |
| Planning Research | p. 247 |
| Analyze the Research Task | p. 247 |
| Find a Subject | p. 247 |
| Ask a Research Question | p. 249 |
| Gather Information About the Subject | p. 249 |
| Draft a Working Thesis | p. 252 |
| Finding Sources | p. 254 |
| Search with Keywords | p. 255 |
| Find Books | p. 256 |
| Find Journal Articles | p. 256 |
| Find Web Sources | p. 259 |
| Evaluating and Recording Sources | p. 263 |
| Evaluate Print Sources | p. 263 |
| Find Information to Cite Print Sources | p. 264 |
| Evaluate Database Sources | p. 266 |
| Find Information to Cite a Database Source | p. 266 |
| Evaluate Web Sources | p. 267 |
| Find Information to Cite a Web Source | p. 269 |
| Writing the Research Paper | p. 270 |
| Review Your Goals and Thesis | p. 270 |
| Determine Your Contribution | p. 270 |
| Determine Your Main Points | p. 271 |
| Avoid Plagiarism | p. 271 |
| Quote Sources Without Plagiarizing | p. 273 |
| Summarize and Paraphrase Sources Without Plagiarizing | p. 274 |
| Incorporate Quotations | p. 276 |
| Incorporate Visuals | p. 278 |
| Documenting Sources in MLA Style | p. 280 |
| Elements of MLA Documentation | p. 280 |
| MLA In-Text Citations | p. 284 |
| MLA Works-Cited List: Books | p. 287 |
| MLA Works-Cited List: Periodicals | p. 291 |
| MLA Works-Cited List: Library Database Sources | p. 293 |
| MLA Works-Cited List: Online Sources | p. 293 |
| MLA Works-Cited List: Other Sources | p. 295 |
| Sample MLA Paper: Brian Witkowski (student), Need a Cure for Tribe Fever? How About a Dip in the Lake? | p. 297 |
| Documenting Sources in APA Style | p. 304 |
| Elements of APA Documentation | p. 304 |
| APA In-Text Citations | p. 307 |
| APA References List: Books | p. 309 |
| APA References List: Periodicals | p. 310 |
| APA References List: Library Database Sources | p. 311 |
| APA References List: Online Sources | p. 311 |
| APA References List: Other Sources | p. 312 |
| A Guide to Avoiding Plagiarism | p. 313 |
| Glossary | p. 321 |
| Index | p. 325 |
| Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |
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