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Essentials of American and Texas Government: Continuity and Change, 2006 Edition

by: O'Connor, Karen; Sabato, Larry J.

Essentials of American and Texas Government: Continuity and Change, 2006 Edition

by: O'Connor, Karen; Sabato, Larry J.

ISBN 13:
9780321365200
ISBN 10:
0321365208
Edition: 1st
Format: Paperback
Copyright: 01/01/2006
Publisher: Longman
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Summary

The essentials version of this bestseller in American and Texas government has been aggressively revised to provide the most in-depth and current coverage of the 2004 elections, the beginnings of the second George W. Bush administration, and the ongoing wars on terror and in Iraq while also providing expansive new coverage of our system's Constitutional roots.

Preface

xxii

PART I FOUNDATIONS OF GOVERNMENT

The Political Landscape

(27)

Government: What It Is and Why We Need It

(2)

Functions of Government

(1)

Roots of American Government: Where Did the Ideas Come From?

(4)

Types of Government

(1)

The Reformation and the Enlightenment: Questioning the Divine Right of Kings

(1)

Hobbes, Locke, and a Social Contract Theory of Government

(1)

Devising a National Government in the American Colonies

(1)

American Political Culture and the Characteristics of American Democracy

(3)

Personal Liberty

(1)

Equality

(1)

Popular Consent and Majority Rule

(1)

Popular Sovereignty

(1)

Building Civil Society

(1)

Global Perspective American Uniqueness in the World: Are We Number One?

(1)

Individualism

(1)

Changing Characteristics of the American People

(10)

Changing Size and Population

(1)

Changing Demographics of the U.S. Population

(3)

Join the Debate The Huntington Theory of Hispanization

(2)

Implications of These Changes

(1)

Analyzing Visuals Changing Age Composition of the United States

(1)

Ideology of the American Public

(1)

Problems with Political Labels

(1)

Current Attitudes Toward American Government

(6)

High Expectations

(1)

A Missing Appreciation of the Good

(1)

Mistrust of Politicians

(1)

Voter Apathy

(1)

Politics Now Disapproval of U.S. Involvement in Iraq

(1)

Redefining Our Expectations

(2)

The Constitution

(35)

The Origins of a New Nation

(5)

Trade and Taxation

(2)

First Steps Toward Independence

(1)

The Continental Congresses

(1)

The Declaration of Independence

(2)

The First Attempt at Government: The Articles of Confederation

(1)

Problems Under the Articles of Confederation

(1)

The Miracle at Philadelphia: Writing a Constitution

(3)

The Virginia and New Jersey Plans

(1)

Constitutional Compromises

(2)

Unfinished Business Affecting the Executive Branch

(1)

The U.S. Constitution

(10)

The Basic Principles of the Constitution

(3)

The Articles of the Constitution

(2)

The Characteristics and Motives of the Framers

(1)

Global Perspective Writing a Constitution: How Do We Compare?

(2)

Analyzing Visuals Who Were the Framers?

(1)

The Drive for Ratification

(4)

Federalists Versus Anti-Federalists

(1)

The Federalist Papers

(1)

Ratifying the Constitution

(1)

On Campus A Student's Revenge: The Twenty-Seventh (Madison) Amendment

(1)

Adding a Bill of Rights

(1)

Methods of Amending the Constitution

(10)

Formal Methods of Amending the Constitution

(1)

The Living Constitution Article V

(1)

Informal Methods of Amending the Constitution

(1)

Politics Now The Marriage Amendment

(1)

Join the Debate The ``Equal Opportunity to Govern'' Amendment

(5)

ANNOTATED CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES

(737)

Federalism

100

(29)

The Roots of the Federal System: Governmental Powers Under the Constitution

102

(8)

National Powers Under the Constitution

104

(1)

Global Perspective Federalism Around the World

105

(1)

State Powers Under the Constitution

106

(1)

Concurrent and Denied Powers Under the Constitution

106

(1)

The Living Constitution Tenth Amendment

107

(1)

Relations Among the States

108

(1)

On Campus Legislating Against Violence Against Women: A Casualty of the Devolution Revolution?

109

(1)

Relations Within the States: Local Government

110

(1)

Federalism and the Marshall Court

110

(2)

McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)

110

(2)

Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)

112

(1)

Dual Federalism: The Taney Court, Slavery, and the Civil War

112

(7)

Dred Scott v. Sandford and the Advent of Civil War

113

(1)

The Civil War, Its Aftermath, and the Continuation of Dual Federalism

113

(1)

Setting the Stage for a Stronger National Government

114

(1)

Cooperative Federalism: The New Deal and the Growth of National Government

114

(1)

The New Deal

115

(2)

The Changing Nature of Federalism: From Layer Cake to Marble Cake

117

(1)

Federal Grants and National Efforts to Influence the States

117

(2)

New Federalism: Returning Power to the States

119

(10)

The Reagan Revolution

119

(1)

The Devolution Revolution

120

(1)

Federalism Under the Bush Administration

121

(1)

Join the Debate The No Child Left Behind Act

122

(2)

The Supreme Court: A Return to States' Rights?

124

(1)

Analyzing Visuals State-by-State Report Card on Access to Abortion

125

(4)

Civil Liberties

129

(37)

The First Constitutional Amendments: The Bill of Rights

131

(3)

The Incorporation Doctrine: The Bill of Rights Made Applicable to the States

132

(1)

Selective Incorporation and Fundamental Freedoms

133

(1)

First Amendment Guarantees: Freedom of Religion

134

(3)

The Establishment Clause

135

(1)

The Free Exercise Clause

136

(1)

First Amendment Guarantees: Freedom of Speech, Press, and Assembly

137

(11)

Freedom of Speech and the Press in the United States

137

(2)

Global Perspective Freedom of the Press

139

(2)

Protected Speech and Publications

141

(1)

Join the Debate The USA Patriot Act

142

(3)

Unprotected Speech and Publications

145

(3)

Freedoms of Assembly and Petition

148

(1)

The Second Amendment: The Right to Keep and Bear Arms

148

(2)

The Rights of Criminal Defendants

150

(7)

The Fourth Amendment and Searches and Seizures

150

(2)

Politics Now The Wartime Rights of Political Detainees

152

(1)

The Fifth Amendment and Self-Incrimination

153

(1)

The Fourth and Fifth Amendments and the Exclusionary Rule

154

(1)

The Sixth Amendment and the Right to Counsel

155

(1)

The Sixth Amendment and Jury Trials

156

(1)

The Eighth Amendment and Cruel and Unusual Punishment

156

(1)

The Right to Privacy

157

(9)

Birth Control

158

(1)

Abortion

158

(1)

The Living Constitution Ninth Amendment

159

(1)

Homosexuality

160

(1)

Analyzing Visuals Partial Birth Abortion Ban

161

(2)

The Right to Die

163

(3)

Civil Rights

166

(37)

Slavery, Abolition, and Winning the Right to Vote, 1800--1890

168

(5)

Slavery and Congress

168

(1)

The First Civil Rights Movements: Abolition and Women's Rights

168

(1)

The 1850s: The Calm Before the Storm

169

(1)

The Civil War and Its Aftermath: Civil Rights Laws and Civil War Amendments

169

(2)

The Living Constitution Thirteenth Amendment, Section 1

171

(1)

Civil Rights, Congress, and the Supreme Court

172

(1)

The Push for Equality, 1890--1954

173

(8)

The Founding of Key Groups

174

(2)

Litigating for Equality

176

(2)

Join the Debate Brown v. Board of Education After Fifty Years

178

(3)

The Civil Rights Movement

181

(3)

School Desegregation After Brown

181

(1)

A New Move for African American Rights

182

(1)

Formation of New Groups

182

(1)

The Civil Rights Act of 1964

183

(1)

The Women's Rights Movement

184

(7)

The Equal Rights Amendment

185

(1)

Litigating for Equal Rights

186

(3)

Global Perspective Women in Parliament

189

(2)

Other Groups Mobilize for Rights

191

(7)

Hispanic Americans

191

(1)

On Campus Helping Others to Achieve Their Civil Rights

192

(2)

Native Americans

194

(1)

Gays and Lesbians

195

(1)

Politics Now Reclaiming Rights: Indians Use Diverse Ways to Reverse the Economic Adversity of Discrimination

196

(1)

Disabled Americans

197

(1)

Continuing Controversies in Civil Rights

198

(5)

Analyzing Visuals How Americans View Affirmative Action

199

(4)

PART II INSTITUTIONS OF GOVERNMENT

Congress

203

(37)

The Constitution and the Legislative Branch of Government

205

(3)

Apportionment and Redistricting

206

(1)

Constitutional Powers of Congress

206

(1)

The Living Constitution Article 1, Section 8

207

(1)

How Congress Is Organized

208

(12)

The House of Representatives

210

(1)

The Senate

211

(1)

Join the Debate Ethics and the Congress

212

(2)

Politics Now A Minority Bill of Rights?

214

(1)

The Role of Political Parties in Organizing Congress

215

(2)

The Committee System

217

(3)

The Members of Congress

220

(6)

Running for Office and Staying in Office

221

(1)

Congressional Demographics

222

(1)

Analyzing Visuals Approval Ratings of Congress and Individual Representatives

223

(2)

Theories of Representation

225

(1)

Global Perspective The Parliament of the ``United States of Europe''

226

(1)

How Members of Congress Make Decisions

226

(4)

Party

227

(1)

Constituents

228

(1)

Colleagues and Caucuses

228

(1)

Interest Groups, Lobbyists, and Political Action Committees

229

(1)

Staff and Support Agencies

230

(1)

The Law-making Function of Congress

230

(3)

How a Bill Becomes a Law

230

(3)

Congress and the President

233

(4)

The Shifting Balance of Power

233

(1)

Congressional Oversight of the Executive Branch

234

(3)

Congress and the Judiciary

237

(3)

The Presidency

240

(30)

The Roots of and Rules Governing the Office of President of the United States

242

(4)

Presidential Qualifications and Terms of Office

243

(1)

Removal from Office

243

(1)

Rules of Succession

244

(1)

The Living Constitution Twenty-Fifth Amendment, Section 2

245

(1)

The Constitutional Powers of the President

246

(7)

The Appointment Power

246

(1)

The Power to Convene Congress

247

(1)

The Power to Make Treaties

247

(1)

The Veto Power

248

(1)

The Power to Preside over the Military as Commander in Chief

248

(1)

The Pardoning Power

249

(1)

Join the Debate The War Powers Act

250

(3)

The Development and Expansion of Presidential Power

253

(2)

The Growth of the Modern Presidency

254

(1)

The Presidential Establishment

255

(4)

The Vice President

255

(1)

The Cabinet

256

(1)

The First Lady

257

(1)

The Executive Office of the President (EOP)

258

(1)

The White House Staff

258

(1)

The President as Policy Maker

259

(4)

The President's Role in Proposing Legislation

259

(1)

Politics Now The President as Policy Maker: Turning the Recommendations of The 9/11 Commission into Law

260

(1)

The Budgetary Process and Executive Implementation

261

(1)

Policy Making Through Regulation

262

(1)

Presidential Leadership and the Importance of Public Opinion

263

(7)

Presidential Leadership

263

(1)

Presidential Personality and the Power to Persuade

264

(1)

Global Perspective In the Public Eye: Prime Ministers and Presidents

265

(1)

Going Public: Mobilizing Public Opinion

266

(1)

The Public's Perception of Presidential Performance

266

(1)

Analyzing Visuals Presidential Approval Ratings Since 1938

267

(3)

The Executive Branch and the Federal Bureaucracy

270

(28)

The Executive Branch and the Development of the Federal Bureaucracy

272

(5)

Bureaucracy in the United States

273

(1)

The Civil War and the Growth of Government

273

(1)

From the Spoils System to the Merit System

273

(1)

The Living Constitution Article II, Section 2

274

(1)

Regulating the Economy and the Growth of Government in the Twentieth Century

275

(1)

Government Workers and Political Involvement

276

(1)

The Modern Bureaucracy

277

(13)

Politics Now E-Government

278

(1)

Who Are Bureaucrats?

278

(2)

Analyzing Visuals Characteristics and Rank Distribution of Federal Civilian Employees

280

(2)

Global Perspective Who Are the Bureaucrats? Should We Care?

282

(2)

Formal Organization

284

(2)

Join the Debate The EPA and Lead in Water

286

(4)

How the Bureaucracy Works

290

(4)

Making Policy

291

(2)

On Campus Enforcing Gender Equity in College Athletics

293

(1)

Making Agencies Accountable

294

(4)

Executive Control

294

(1)

Congressional Control

295

(1)

Judicial Control

295

(3)

The Judiciary

298

(38)

The Constitution and the Creation of the Federal Judiciary

300

(6)

Global Perspective Judicial Structure and Powers

301

(1)

The Judiciary Act of 1789 and the Creation of the Federal Judicial System

302

(1)

The Living Constitution Article III, Section 1

303

(2)

The Marshall Court: Marbury v. Madison and Judicial Review

305

(1)

The American Legal System

306

(2)

Jurisdiction

306

(1)

Criminal and Civil Law

307

(1)

The Federal Court System

308

(4)

District Courts

308

(2)

The Courts of Appeals

310

(1)

The Supreme Court

310

(2)

How Federal Court Judges Are Selected

312

(7)

Who Are Federal Judges?

312

(2)

Politics Now Senatorial Confirmation of Judicial Nominations

314

(1)

Appointments to the U.S. Supreme Court

315

(1)

Nomination Criteria

315

(1)

Analyzing Visuals Race/Ethnicity and Gender of District Court

316

(2)

The Supreme Court Confirmation Process

318

(1)

The Supreme Court Today

319

(8)

Deciding to Hear a Case

320

(3)

How Does a Case Survive the Process?

323

(2)

Hearing and Deciding the Case

325

(2)

Judicial Philosophy and Decision Making

327

(5)

Judicial Philosophy, Original Intent, and Ideology

327

(1)

Join the Debate Separation of Powers and the Scalia Recusals

328

(1)

Models of Judicial Decision Making

328

(4)

Judicial Policy Making and Implementation

332

(4)

Policy Making

332

(1)

Implementing Court Decisions

333

(3)

PART III POLITICAL BEHAVIOR

Public Opinion and the News Media

336

(48)

Efforts to Influence and Measure Public Opinion

338

(3)

Early Efforts to Measure Public Opinion

338

(2)

Recent Efforts to Measure Public Opinion

340

(1)

Political Socialization and Other Factors That Influence Opinion Formation

341

(11)

The Family

341

(1)

School and Peers

342

(1)

The Mass Media

343

(1)

Social Groups

344

(3)

Analyzing Visuals Racial and Ethnic Attitudes on Selected Issues

347

(4)

The Impact of Events

351

(1)

Political Ideology and Public Opinion About Government

351

(1)

How We Form Political Opinions

352

(2)

Personal Benefits

352

(1)

Political Knowledge

353

(1)

Cues from Leaders

353

(1)

How Public Opinion Is Measured

354

(6)

Creating a Public Opinion Poll

354

(2)

Political Polls

356

(2)

Shortcomings of Polling

358

(2)

The News Media

360

(16)

The Evolution of Journalism in the United States

360

(1)

The Living Constitution Amendment I

361

(2)

The U.S. Media Today

363

(4)

Global Perspective Al-Jazeera: CNN of the Arab World?

367

(1)

How the Media Cover Politicians and Government

368

(2)

Investigative Journalism and the Character Issue

370

(1)

Are the Media Biased?

371

(3)

Join the Debate Media Bias: Is the News Affected by an Ideological Bias?

374

(2)

The Media's Influence on the Public

376

(2)

Politics Now When the Media Become the Story

377

(1)

The Public's Perception of the Media

378

(2)

Government Regulation of the Electronic Media

380

(4)

Content Regulation

381

(1)

Prior Restraint

381

(3)

Political Parties and Interest Groups

384

(39)

Political Parties

386

(17)

The Evolution of American Party Democracy

386

(3)

The Modern Era Versus the Golden Age: Is the Party Over?

389

(1)

The Two-Party System and Third Parties

390

(1)

The Basic Structure of American Political Parties

391

(3)

Global Perspective The Emergence of New Parties

394

(3)

The Roles of Political Parties in the United States

397

(6)

Interest Groups

403

(20)

Why and How Interest Groups Form and Maintain Themselves

404

(2)

Join the Debate Limits on Interest Group Participation

406

(2)

The Roots and Development of American Interest Groups

408

(2)

The Living Constitution First Amendment

410

(2)

What Do Interest Groups Do?

412

(1)

On Campus Conservative Student Groups: Speaking Up

413

(3)

Analyzing Visuals Top Lobbying Expenditures

416

(2)

Politics Now The March for Women's Lives

418

(1)

Election Activities

419

(4)

Campaigns, Elections, and Voting

423

(53)

Global Perspective National Elections 2004

425

(1)

Types of Elections

426

(2)

Politics Now Is California the New Florida?

427

(1)

Presidential Elections

428

(16)

The Living Constitution Age Qualifications for National Elected Office

429

(1)

The Nomination Campaign

430

(2)

The General Election Campaign

432

(1)

The Personal Campaign

433

(1)

The Organizational Campaign

433

(2)

The Media Campaign

435

(2)

The Electoral College: How Presidents Are Elected

437

(5)

Patterns of Presidential Elections

442

(2)

Congressional Elections

444

(3)

The Incumbency Advantage

444

(2)

Analyzing Visuals Congressional Election Results, 1948--2004

446

(1)

Campaign Finance

447

(8)

Sources of Political Contributions

448

(6)

Future Campaign Finance Reform

454

(1)

Voting Behavior

455

(9)

Patterns in Voter Turnout

455

(3)

Join the Debate Should the Voting Age Be Lowered to Sixteen?

458

(2)

Why Is Voter Turnout So Low?

460

(2)

Patterns in Vote Choice

462

(2)

Bringing It Together: The 2004 Presidential Campaign and Elections

464

(12)

The Party Nomination Battle

464

(2)

The Democratic Convention

466

(1)

The Republican Convention

467

(2)

The Presidential Debates

469

(1)

The Fall Campaign and General Election

470

(1)

Election Results

471

(1)

Turnout in The 2004 Election

472

(1)

The Next Four Years

472

(4)

Social and Economic Policy

476

(38)

The Policy Process

478

(10)

Stages of the Policy Process

478

(1)

Problem Recognition and Definition

479

(1)

Agenda Setting

480

(1)

Policy Formulation

481

(1)

Join the Debate Should the Federal Government Regulate Marriage and Family?

482

(2)

Policy Adoption

484

(1)

Budgeting

484

(1)

Policy Implementation

485

(2)

Policy Evaluation

487

(1)

Social Welfare Policy

488

(14)

The Roots of Social Welfare Policy

488

(2)

Social Welfare Policies Today

490

(3)

Politics Now The Politics of Social Security Reform

493

(2)

Analyzing Visuals: Unemployment Rates by State, February 2004

495

(2)

The Living Constitution Preamble

497

(1)

The Effectiveness of Income Security Programs

498

(1)

Health Care

499

(3)

Economic Policy

502

(12)

The Roots of Economic Policy

502

(1)

The Progressive Era

503

(2)

Economic and Social Regulations

505

(1)

Deregulation

505

(1)

Global Perspective Economic Freedom Around the World

506

(3)

Stabilizing the Economy

509

(5)

Foreign and Defense Policy

514

(32)

The Roots of Current U.S. Foreign and Defense Policy

516

(15)

Detente, Human Rights, and Renewed Containment: 1969--1981

518

(2)

Containment Revisited and Renewed: 1981--1989

520

(1)

Searching for a New International Order: 1989--2001

521

(2)

A New Order for the Twenty-First Century?

523

(1)

Global Perspective U.S. Foreign Policy and the United Nations

524

(3)

On Campus The Impact of 9/11 on American Campuses

527

(3)

The Living Constitution Article 1, Section 8

530

(1)

The Executive Branch and Foreign and Defense Policy Making

531

(4)

The Role of the President

532

(1)

Politics Now The United States and the International Criminal Court

532

(1)

The Departments of State, Defense, and Homeland Security

533

(1)

The Central Intelligence Agency and National Security Council

534

(1)

Other Shapers and Influences of Foreign and Defense Policy

535

(7)

Congress

535

(2)

Analyzing Visuals U.S. Defense Spending

537

(1)

The Military-Industrial Complex

538

(1)

The News Media

538

(1)

The Public

539

(1)

Join the Debate Should the United States Pull Out of the United Nations?

540

(2)

The Challenge of Balancing Foreign and Domestic Affairs

542

(4)

PART IV TEXAS GOVERNMENT

The Context for Texas Politics and Government

546

(33)

The Roots of Texas Politics and Government

548

(9)

Native Americans

549

(1)

Hispanics

550

(3)

African Americans

553

(1)

Asian Americans

554

(1)

Anglos

554

(1)

The Contemporary Population of Texas

555

(2)

Analyzing Visuals Population Trends in Texas

557

(1)

The Ideological Context

557

(13)

The Texan Creed

558

(4)

Roots of Government The Heroes of the Alamo

562

(3)

Political Ideologies in Texas

565

(1)

Politics Now The Texas Mystique

566

(2)

On Campus The Civics Education Requirement in Texas Colleges and Universities

568

(2)

The Economy of Texas

570

(4)

Cotton

570

(1)

Cattle

570

(1)

Petroleum

571

(1)

The Contemporary Economy

571

(2)

Texas in Comparison The Socio-economic Context in the States

573

(1)

Join the Debate Should Texas Adopt an Income Tax?

574

(1)

Wealth and Poverty in Texas

574

(5)

Analyzing Visuals Share of Income in Texas

576

(3)

The Texas Constitution

579

(26)

The Roots of the Texas Constitution

580

(4)

The 1836 Texas Constitution

580

(1)

The 1845 Texas Constitution

581

(1)

The 1861 Texas Constitution

582

(1)

The 1866 Texas Constitution

583

(1)

The 1869 Texas Constitution

583

(1)

The Current Texas Constitution

584

(10)

Reasons for The 1876 Constitution

585

(1)

Roots of Government Governor E. J. Davis and the Establishment of an Activist Government

586

(1)

Provisions of The 1876 Constitution

587

(1)

The Living Constitution

588

(2)

Analyzing Visuals Voter Turnout for Constitutional Amendments

590

(1)

Analyzing Visuals Amendments to the Texas Constitution

591

(1)

Criticisms of The 1876 Constitution

592

(1)

Texas in Comparison State Constitutions

593

(1)

Constitutional Revision

594

(11)

On Campus Angelo State University Students' Texas Constitution

595

(1)

Piecemeal Revision Efforts

596

(1)

Politics Now The Texas Sodomy Law

597

(1)

Comprehensive Revision Efforts

598

(4)

Join the Debate Should Texas Adopt the Initiative Process?

602

(3)

Local Government and Politics In Texas

605

(31)

The Roots of Local Government in Texas

607

(2)

Roots of Government Home Rule Comes to Texas Cities

608

(1)

Counties

609

(9)

The Living Constitution Structure and Powers of County Government in Texas

610

(2)

Analyzing Visuals Texas Counties and Population

612

(1)

Structure of County Government

613

(2)

Authority of County Governments

615

(1)

Texas in Comparison Local Government in the States

616

(1)

Finances of County Governments

617

(1)

Cities

618

(12)

Forms of City Governments

618

(1)

Analyzing Visuals Type of Government and Election Systems in Texas's Top Ten Cities

619

(4)

Authority and Functions of City Governments

623

(1)

Finances of City Governments

623

(1)

Join the Debate Should Texas Cities Be Allowed to Photograph Red-Light Runners?

624

(1)

Municipal Annexation

625

(2)

Politics and Representation in City Governments

627

(2)

On Campus Getting Students Involved in Political Campaigns

629

(1)

Special Districts

630

(6)

Water Districts

631

(1)

School Districts

631

(1)

Politics Now Slow Roads, Toll Roads, or No Roads

632

(4)

The Texas Legislature

636

(37)

The Roots of the Legislative Branch

638

(3)

Roots of Government Rotten Boroughs in Texas

640

(1)

The State Constitution and the Legislative Branch of Government

641

(1)

Constitutional Provisions Affecting Legislators

641

(1)

Sessions of the Legislature

642

(1)

Legislative Membership: Representing the Public

642

(9)

Variables Affecting Members' Elections

642

(1)

Texas in Comparison Legislatures in the United States

643

(1)

The Living Constitution The Basis for Representation in the Texas Senate

644

(2)

Personal and Political Characteristics of Members

646

(3)

Analyzing Visuals Ideological Voting Patterns in the Texas House of Representatives

649

(1)

On Campus Young Conservatives of Texas

650

(1)

How the Texas Legislature Is Organized

651

(7)

Leaders

651

(1)

Committees

651

(1)

Organizing for Power and Influence in the Legislature

652

(1)

Leadership and Opposition in the House

653

(2)

Politics Now The Rise of Partisanship in the Texas House

655

(2)

Leadership and Opposition in the Senate

657

(1)

The Law-Making and Budgeting Function of the Legislature

658

(9)

What Is a Bill? What Is a Resolution?

659

(1)

Rules, Procedures, and Internal Government

659

(1)

How a Bill Becomes Law

659

(1)

Analyzing Visuals Basic Steps in the Texas Legislative Process

660

(3)

Two Bills into One: The Final Stages

663

(1)

Join the Debate Are Charter Schools a Good Alternative for Texas Students?

664

(1)

The Budgeting Process

665

(2)

How Legislators Make Decisions

667

(2)

Staffing for Technical Assistance, Specialized Information, and Political Assistance

667

(1)

Relations with Lobbyists

668

(1)

The Ethics of Lobbying

669

(1)

The Legislature and the Governor

669

(4)

The Governor and Bureaucracy in Texas

673

(40)

The Roots of the Executive in Texas

675

(3)

From President of the Lone Star Republic to Governor of Texas

675

(1)

Terms of Office

676

(2)

The Constitutional Roles of the Governor

678

(1)

The Development of Gubernatorial Power

679

(6)

Restriction of Governors' Powers

680

(1)

Comparing the Texas Governor with Other Governors

680

(1)

Texas in Comparison Governors and the Executive Branch

681

(1)

The Governor's Power to Appoint Executive Officials

681

(3)

Analyzing Visuals Analysis of Gubernatorial Appointments

684

(1)

The Power of Staff and Budget

684

(1)

The Governor as Policy Maker and Political Leader

685

(4)

Public-Opinion Leadership

685

(1)

Analyzing Visuals Ideology and Governors

686

(1)

Relationship with the Legislature

686

(3)

The Plural Executive in Texas

689

(10)

Attorney General

689

(1)

The Living Constitution The Texas Governor's Veto Power

690

(2)

Roots of Government Struggles over Cabinet Government

692

(1)

Comptroller of Public Accounts

693

(1)

Land Commissioner

694

(1)

Agriculture Commissioner

695

(1)

Railroad Commissioners

695

(2)

State Board of Education

697

(1)

On Campus The Deregulation of Texas Public College and University Tuition

698

(1)

Modern Texas Bureaucracy

699

(6)

Secretary of State

701

(1)

Public Utility Commissioners

701

(1)

Texas Commission on Environmental Quality

702

(1)

Insurance Commissioner

703

(1)

Health and Human Services Commission

703

(1)

Public Counsels

704

(1)

Boards and Commissions

704

(1)

Making Agencies Accountable

705

(8)

The Sunset Process

705

(1)

Join the Debate Should Texas Lock the Revolving Door?

706

(1)

Staff Size and Pay

706

(2)

Regulating the Revolving Door

708

(1)

Regulating the Relationship Between Agencies and Private Interests

708

(1)

Politics Now The Texas Railroad Commission: Watchdog or Lapdog?

709

(4)

The Texas Judiciary

713

(30)

The Roots of the Texas Judiciary

715

(2)

Roots of Government Judge Roy Bean: The Law West of the Pecos

716

(1)

The Structure of the Texas Judiciary

717

(7)

Local Trial Courts

717

(2)

County Courts

719

(1)

On Campus Driving While Intoxicated in Texas

720

(1)

District Courts

721

(1)

Intermediate Courts of Appeal

722

(1)

The Supreme Courts

723

(1)

Judges and Judicial Selection

724

(5)

Judicial Qualifications and Personal Characteristics

724

(2)

Judicial Selection

726

(1)

Politics Now Stoking the Fires for Judicial Campaign Finance Reform

727

(2)

Criticisms of the Texas Judicial Branch

729

(4)

Reforming the Court Structure

729

(1)

Join the Debate Should Texas Elect Its Judges?

730

(1)

Reforming Judicial Selection

731

(1)

Reforming Campaign Finance

732

(1)

Increasing Minority Representation on the Bench

733

(1)

The Judicial Process in Texas

733

(10)

The Criminal Justice Process

733

(1)

The Living Constitution The Texas Supreme Courts

734

(2)

Analyzing Visuals Is Justice for Sale in the State of Texas?

736

(1)

Texas in Comparison Crime, Courts, and Judges

737

(2)

Analyzing Visuals United States and Texas Executions

739

(1)

The Civil Justice Process

740

(3)

Political Parties, Interest Groups, Elections, and Campaigns in Texas

743

(57)

The Roots of Political Parties, Interest Groups, Elections, and Campaigns in Texas

745

(2)

Roots of Government The Populist Challenge to Democratic Party Dominance

746

(1)

Political Parties in Texas

747

(15)

Party Organization

748

(2)

The Living Constitution The Qualifications to Vote in Texas

750

(1)

Functional Organization

750

(4)

Texas in Comparison Political Parties, Interest Groups, and Elections in the States

754

(1)

Party in the Electorate

755

(1)

Analyzing Visuals Party Identification in Texas, Selected Years 1952--2003

756

(4)

The Party in Government

760

(2)

Interest Groups in Texas

762

(7)

Types of Interest Groups

762

(2)

Political Activities of Interest Groups

764

(3)

Politics Now The Campaign to Limit Medical Liability

767

(2)

Elections and Political Campaigns in Texas

769

(16)

Types of Elections

769

(2)

Political Campaigns in Texas

771

(2)

On Campus Blogging at burntorange.com

773

(3)

Join the Debate Are Electronic Voting Systems Better Than Paper Ballots?

776

(1)

The Voters' Decisions

777

(3)

Analyzing Visuals Voter Turnout in Texas, 1958--2004

780

(5)

APPENDICES

I The Declaration of Independence

785

(3)

II Federalist No. 10

788

(5)

III Federalist No. 51

793

(3)

IV Presidents, Congresses, and Chief Justices: 1789--2005

796

(4)

Selected Supreme Court Cases

800

(5)

Glossary

805

(16)

Notes

821

(16)

Index

837

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Essentials of American and Texas Government: Continuity and Change, 2006 Edition

Essentials of American and Texas Government: Continuity and Change, 2006 Edition

9780321365200

0321365208

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

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Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

Essentials of American and Texas Government: Continuity and Change, 2006 Edition

Essentials of American and Texas Government: Continuity and Change, 2006 Edition

9780321365200

0321365208

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Write a Review

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