Rent 9780321091383 | The Little Brown Reader | Stubbs, Marcia; Barnet, Sylvan; Cain, William E. @knetbooks.com

Summary Table of Contents

This classic thematic reader contains over a hundred reading selections, an intriguing collection of photographs and art, comprehensive treatment of critical reading and writing, analyses of professional writing, and expanded coverage of argument.

The Little, Brown Reader, one of the best-known and most respected thematic readers available today, continues the tradition of excellence, bringing together contemporary and classic readings, with extensive critical reading and writing instruction, and 80 visuals. Throug... MORE

Rhetorical Contents

xxii

Preface

xxix

A Writer Reads

(18)

Previewing

... MORE

Skimming

(3)

The Dying Family

(4)

J. H. Plumb

Highlighting, Underlining, Annotating

(3)

Summarizing

(1)

Critical Thinking: Analyzing the Text

(2)

Tone and Persona

(3)

A Reader Writes

(24)

We Have No ``Right to Happiness''

(4)

C. S. Lewis

Responding to an Essay

(1)

The Writing Process

(5)

Keeping a Journal

(1)

Questioning the Text Again

(1)

Summaries, Jottings, Outlines, and Lists

(2)

Getting Ready to Write a Draft

(6)

Draft of an Essay: On ``We Have No `Right to Happiness'''

(2)

Revising and Editing a Draft

(1)

A Revised Draft: Persuasive Strategies in C. S. Lewis's ``We Have No `Right to Happiness'''

(2)

Rethinking the Thesis: Preliminary Notes

(1)

The Final Version: Style and Argument: An Examination of C. S. Lewis's ``We Have No `Right to Happiness'''

(4)

A Brief Overview of the Final Version

(1)

A Checklist for Analyzing and Evaluating an Essay That You Are Writing About

(3)

Academic Writing

(20)

Kinds of Prose

(1)

More about Critical Thinking: Analysis and Evaluation

(4)

Joining the Conversation: Writing about Differing Views

(7)

Writing about Essays That Are Not Directly Related: A Student's Notes and Journal Entries

(2)

The Student's Final Version: Two Ways of Thinking about Today's Families

(3)

Interviewing

(4)

Guidelines for Conducting the Interview and Writing the Essay

(3)

Topic for Writing

(1)

Using Quotations

(1)

A Checklist for Editing: Thirteen Questions to Ask Yourself

(2)

Writing an Argument

(28)

The Aims of an Argumentative Essay

(1)

Negotiating Agreements: The Approach of Carl R. Rogers

(5)

A Checklist for Rogerian Argument

(1)

Three Kinds of Evidence: Examples, Testimony, Statistics

(3)

Examples

(2)

Testimony

(1)

Statistics

(1)

How Much Evidence Is Enough?

(1)

Avoiding Fallacies

(4)

Drafting an Argument

(3)

Imagining an Audience

(1)

Getting Started

(1)

Writing a Draft

(1)

Revising a Draft

(1)

Organizing an Argument

(1)

A Word about Beginnings and Endings

(1)

Persona and Style

(1)

An Overview: An Examination of an Argument

(1)

Hollow Claims about Fantasy Violence

(2)

Richard Rhodes

The Analysis Analyzed

(4)

A Checklist for Revising Drafts of Arguments

(2)

Reading and Writing about Pictures

(20)

The Language of Pictures

(2)

Sample Analyses of Pictures

(1)

Edward Munch's The Scream

(2)

Joan Daremo

She's Very Charlie

(2)

James B. Twitchell

Thinking about Dorothea Lange's Migrant Mother, Nipomo, California

(3)

A Sample Essay by a Student: Did Dorothea Lange Pose Her Subject for Migrant Mother?

101

(8)

Last Words

109

(2)

Memoirs: Discovering the Past

111

(72)

Illustrations

Wedding in the Poitou

112

(2)

Robert Doisneau

Oneida Family Portrait

114

(1)

Mark R. Harrington

AP/Wide World Photos Vietnam Veterans Memorial

115

(1)

Short Views

116

(2)

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

Samuel Johnson

Elizabeth Bowen

Marcel Proust

Susan Sontag

Sholem Asch

Alexander Chase

Elbert Hubbard

Christina Rossetti

Jane Welsh Carlyle

Evelyn Waugh

Lord Byron

Martial

Oscar Wilde

Texas, 1961

118

(4)

Mary Karr

In a vignette about her childhood, Karr remembers her grandmother, and ``'not one tender feeling for or from her.''

Brooklyn and Limerick

122

(9)

Frank McCourt

McCourt recalls, with compassion and humor, growing up desperately poor in Brooklyn and in Limerick.

First Memories

131

(2)

Bobbie Ann Mason

Does pain cause us to forget? Is pain the reason we forget ``so much of our history''?

My Boyhood Home

133

(6)

Jimmy Carter

President Carter recalls his childhood on his family's peanut farm in Plains, Georgia. ``There is little doubt that I now recall those days with more fondness than they deserve.''

War Games

139

(2)

Black Elk

A Sioux remembers the games of his youth.

On Money, Religion, and Sex

141

(4)

Katharine Graham

In her account of her ``strange childhood,'' Katharine Graham discloses ``the feeling, which we all shared to some extent, of believing we were never quite going about things correctly.''

Graduation

145

(9)

Maya Angelou

A dispiriting commencement address and a spontaneous reaction to it.

Writing and Reading

154

(12)

Richard Wright

``My reading had created a vast sense of distance between me and the world in which I lived.''

Fan

166

(5)

Doris Kearns Goodwin

``My continuing love of baseball is inseparably linked to memories of my father.''

You're Not Catholic, Are You?

171

(4)

Ted Solotaroff

``Now there was just me again; a few good catches didn't change anything, didn't make me belong with the St. Genevieve guys.''

The Secret

175

(3)

Eudora Welty

The future story-writer learns in childhood ``not how babies could come but how they could die, how they could be forgotten about.''

Powder (fiction)

178

(3)

Tobias Wolff

A story about a boy who remembers his father, ``bankrupt of honor'' but ``a great driver.''

Incident (poetry)

181

(2)

Countee Cullen

``That's all that I remember.''

181

(2)

A Sense of Place

183

(62)

Illustrations

Navajo Dancers Entertaining a Tourist Train

184

(1)

George Hight

``No White People Allowed in Zoo Today''

185

(1)

Ernest C. Withers

Pearblossom Hwy.

186

(1)

David Hockney

Buzz Aldrin on the Moon

187

(1)

Neil Armstrong

Short Views

188

(2)

Robert Burton

Charles Dickens

Joan Didion

Seneca the Younger

Henry David Thoreau

Greater Puget

Gloria Anzaldua

John Howard Payne

Robert Frost

Muhammed Ali

Margaret Mead

Rhoda Metraux

John F. Kennedy

Omar Khayyam

Ernest Hemingway

The American Indian Wilderness

190

(3)

Louis Owens

``I began to understand that what I called `wilderness' was an absurdity, nothing more than a figment of the European imagination.''

A Woman's Land

193

(4)

Sallie Bingham

``So few women own land that the phrase, woman landowner, seems curious.''

Now or Never

197

(6)

Bill McKibben

What's an environmentalist to do?

A Good Neighborhood

203

(3)

Jane Jacobs

On privacy and contact in the city streets.

A Tale of Two Cities

206

(6)

Jim Yardley

Micheline Maynard

Brief sketches, for visitors, of what's going on in San Antonio and in Detroit.

Atlanta: In Its Heart, It's a Southern Town

212

(4)

Kevin Sack

What is Southern about ``The city that's too busy to hate''?

On Going Home

216

(3)

Joan Didion

Is going home---is leaving home---possible?

Place without Space

219

(2)

Nicholas Negroponte

``In the post-information age, since you may live and work at one or many locations, the concept of an `address' now takes on new meaning.''

September 11, 2001

221

(3)

John Updike

On the destruction of the World Trade Center.

Looking Backward (fiction)

224

(12)

Edward Bellamy

A book published in 1888 criticizes contemporary life by showing to this age the far better life that will be available to all in the year 2000.

Araby (fiction)

236

(6)

James Joyce

``The syllables of the word Araby were called to me through the silence in which my soul luxuriated and cast an Eastern enchantment over me.''

Lying in a Hammock at William Duffy's Farm in Pine Island, Minnesota (poetry)

242

(3)

James Wright

``I lean back, as the evening darkens and comes on.''

All in the Family

245

(63)

Illustrations

Sonia

246

(1)

Joanne Leonard

Why One's Parents Got Married

246

(1)

R. Chast

Mrs. Brown and Catherine

247

(1)

Faith Ringgold

The Acrobat's Family with a Monkey

248

(1)

Pablo Picasso

Short Views

249

(2)

Anonymous (William James?)

Marcel Proust

Leo Tolstoy

James Boswell

Jessie Bernard

Mary Wollstonecraft

Jane Austen

Eudora Welty

The Family

251

(1)

Lewis Coser

A sociologist defines the family and, in fewer than five hundred words, gives an idea of its variety.

Rituals of Passage: Weddings

252

(4)

William J. Doherty

``The traditional wedding is American society's classic example of a rite of passage.''

Scenes from an Intermarriage

256

(5)

Gabrielle Glaser

The author of a book on interfaith marriage believes that although the future always looks bright, down the road someone usually loses.

Confessions of an Erstwhile Child

261

(5)

Anonymous

Should children have the legal right to escape impossible families? A victim argues that a closely bound family structure compounds craziness.

Political Economy and Family Policy

266

(12)

Julie Matthaei

``The `natural' family system is inadequate, oppressive, and is coming apart at the seams.''

Here Comes the Groom: A (Conservative) Case for Gay Marriage

278

(5)

Andrew Sullivan

``But gay marriage is not a radical step. It avoids the mess of domestic partnership; it is humane; it is conservative in the best sense of the word.''

The Second Shift: Employed Women Are Putting in Another Day of Work at Home

283

(6)

Arlie Hochschild

There's a ``leisure gap'' between men and women at home.

High Horse's Courting

289

(5)

Black Elk

An Oglala Sioux holy man tells us what a hard time, in the old days, a young man had getting the girl he wanted.

Keeping Up with Your Kids

294

(6)

Josh Quittner

To spy or spy not? Should parents use software to monitor their children, or are there better ways to protect children?

Child of Divorce

300

(5)

Celia E. Rothenberg

An undergraduate reflects on the impact of divorce on her, her brother, and her parents.

Girl (fiction)

305

(2)

Jamaica Kincaid

``Try to walk like a lady and not like the slut you are so bent on becoming.''

Those Winter Sundays (poetry)

307

(1)

Robert Hayden

``No one ever thanked him.''

A Casebook on Barbie

308

(74)

Beauty and the Barbie Doll

310

(1)

Anonymous

Barbie Curtsies to Political Correctness

311

(2)

Kevin Leary

Barbie as Boy Toy

313

(2)

Meg Wolitzer

Sex and the Single Doll

315

(2)

Yona Zeldis McDonough

Barbie Doll (poetry)

317

(1)

Marge Piercy

Buddhist Barbie (poetry)

318

(3)

Denise Duhamel

Identities

321

(61)

Illustrations

Grandfather and Grandchildren Awaiting Evacuation Bus

322

(1)

Dorothea Lange

Behind the Bar, Birney, Montana

323

(1)

Marion Post Wolcott

American Gothic

324

(1)

Grant Wood

American Gothic

325

(1)

Gordon Parks

Short Views

326

(3)

Margaret Mead

Charlotte Perkins Gilman

Simone de Beauvoir

Heather Formaini

Israel Zangwill

Lawrence Fuchs

Theodore Roosevelt

Woodrow Wilson

Vladimir I. Lenin

Joyce Carol Oates

Martin Luther King Jr.

Zora Neale Hurston

Shirley Chisolm

Women's Brains

329

(6)

Stephen Jay Gould

On the ``irrelevant and highly injurious'' biological labeling of women and other disadvantaged groups.

Why Boys Don't Play with Dolls

335

(3)

Katha Pollitt

Social conditioning, not biology, is the answer, this author says.

The Sports Taboo

338

(9)

Malcolm Gladwell

A writer argues the provocative thesis that blacks are like boys and whites are like girls.

How Friendship Was ``Feminized''

347

(3)

Carol Tavris

A social psychologist argues that male friendships are mistakenly dismissed as inferior to female friendships.

The Men We Carry in Our Minds . . . and How They Differ from the Real Lives of Most Men

350

(3)

Scott Russell Sanders

``I was baffled when the women at college accused me and my sex of having cornered the world's pleasures.''

The Male Myth

353

(4)

Paul Theroux

``It is very hard to imagine any concept of manliness that does not belittle women.''

Goodbye, Saigon, Finally

357

(2)

Andrew Lam

``One night, America quietly seeps in and takes hold of one's mind and body, and the Vietnamese soul of sorrows slowly fades away.'''

Two Ways to Belong in America

359

(4)

Bharati Mukherjee

A native of India, now a long-time resident and citizen of the United States, compares her responses with those of her sister, also a resident here but not a citizen.

Thoughts of an Oriental Girl

363

(2)

Emily Tsao

A sophomore questions the value of describing Asian Americans and other minorities as ``people of color.''

A Question of Language

365

(3)

Gloria Naylor

What does the word ``nigger'' mean?

Double Identity

368

(7)

Jeanne Wakatsuki Houston

``In my family, to serve another could be uplifting, a gracious gesture that elevated onself. For many white Americans it seems that serving another is degrading, an indication of dependency or weakness in character, or a low place on the social ladder.''

The ``Scientific'' War on the Poor

375

(2)

Brent Staples

The ugly politics of I.Q.

Snapshot: Lost Lives of Women

377

(4)

Amy Tan

The writer examines ``a picture of secrets and tragedies.''

Immigrants (poetry)

381

(1)

Pat Mora

A poem about the hopes of immigrant parents.

A Casebook on Race

382

(18)

Race Columbia Encyclopedia Race

382

(1)

A Note on a Segregated Society

383

(2)

Jimmy Carter

Three Is Not Enough

385

(5)

Sharon Begley

Hailing While Black

390

(2)

Shelby Steele

Race Is Over

392

(3)

Stanley Crouch

Ethnicity and Disney: It's a Whole New Myth

395

(5)

Edward Rothstein

Picturing Identity

400

(106)

Before the Mirror (poetry)

400

(1)

John Updike

Girl Before a Mirror

401

(1)

Pablo Picasso

Marxism Will Give Health to the Sick

402

(1)

Frida Kahlo

The Gulf Stream

403

(1)

Winslow Homer

Self-Portrait

404

(1)

Vincent van Gogh

Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2

405

(1)

Marcel Duchamp

Just What Is It That Makes Today's Homes So Different, So Appealing?

406

(1)

Richard Hamilton

Gold Marilyn Monroe

407

(1)

Andy Warhol

Two Women Dressing Their Hair

408

(1)

Kitagawa Utamaro

Beauty and Sadness (poetry)

409

(4)

Cathy Song

Teaching and Learning

413

(93)

Illustrations

Blackboard

414

(1)

Winslow Homer

The Lesson---Planning a Career

415

(1)

Ron James

St. Jerome Studying in His Cell

416

(1)

Georges de la Tour

Doonesbury

417

(1)

Gary Trudeau

Short Views

418

(5)

Francis Bacon

Robert Burton

Paul Goodman

Paul B. Diederich

Hasidic Tale

William Cory

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

Emma Goldman

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Jesse Jackson

Ralph Waldo Emerson

Alan Watts

D. H. Lawrence

Prince Kropotkin

John Ruskin

Confucius

Anonymous Zen Anecdote

Joseph Wood Krutch

Phyllis Bottome

The Myth of the Cave

423

(7)

Plato

A great teacher explains in a metaphor the progress of the mind from opinion to knowledge.

Public and Private Language

430

(5)

Richard Rodriguez

By age seven, Richard Rodriguez learns ``the great lesson of school, that I had a public identity.''

Why Do American Kids Learn So Little?

435

(5)

Ernest van den Haag

``The young must learn to learn as well as to play. Some even may enjoy learning once they try it.''

Order in the Classroom

440

(6)

Neil Postman

``School is not a radio station or a television program.''

Japanese Education: How Do They Do It?

446

(14)

Merry White

The secret of success is nothing less than a national consensus on the importance of excellent education.

On Raising Moral Children

460

(5)

Robert Coles

A psychiatrist discusses the ways in which adults shape children's behavior.

How Women Learn

465

(3)

Mary Field Belenky

Blythe McVicker Clinchy

Nancy Rule Goldberger

Jill Mattuck Tarule

``Every woman, regardless of age, social class, ethnicity, and academic achievement needs to know that she is capable of intelligent thought. . . .''

The Classroom and the Wider Culture: Identity as a Key to Learning English Composition

468

(10)

Fan Shen

According to Fan Shen, who migrated from China to Nebraska, ``To try to be `myself,' which I knew was a key to learning English composition, meant not to be my Chinese self at all.''

A Proposal to Abolish Grading

478

(3)

Paul Goodman

``Grading hinders teaching and creates a bad spirit.''

In Defense of Testing

481

(2)

Diane Ravitch

``Tests and standards are a necessary fact of life.''

Education

483

(2)

E. B. White

A comparison of a private city school (``with semiprogressive ideas . . . and modern plumbing'') and a two-room country schoolhouse.

The Feng Shui of Schools

485

(5)

Katie Zernike

Does the design of a school affect the behavior of students?

Unplugged

490

(3)

David Gelernter

A professor of computer science offers a surprising comment: ``The computer's potential to do good is modestly greater than a book's in some areas. Its potential to do harm is vastly greater, across the board.''

On the Eve of Extinction: Four Years of High School

493

(2)

Hubert B. Herring

What can be done to overcome High School Senior Slump?

Classrooms for Sale

495

(3)

Nadya Labi

Should schools let Campbell's soup pay for the overhead projector?

The Lesson (fiction)

498

(7)

Toni Cade Bambara

A city kid begins to learn about money.

Zen and the Art of Burglary (fiction)

505

(1)

Wu-tsu Fa-yen

A teacher tells a story to teach what otherwise cannot be taught.

A Casebook on the SAT

506

(85)

Standardized Tests and Access to American Universities

506

(2)

Richard C. Atkinson

Two Cheers for an End to the SAT

508

(5)

Alfie Kohn

Is This the End for the SAT?

513

(2)

Gary M. Lavergne

Why Dropping the SAT Is Bad for Blacks

515

(4)

Jack E. White

Work and Play

519

(72)

Illustrations

Lettuce Cutters, Salinas Valley

520

(1)

Dorothea Lange

The Thread Maker

521

(1)

W. Eugene Smith

Anonymous All-Americans in Training at Opa-Locka, Florida

522

(1)

Children

522

(1)

Helen Levitt

Short Views

523

(3)

Mark Twain

Richard Milhous Nixon

Karl Marx

John Ruskin

Eric Nesterenko

Vince Lombardi

Howard Cosell

George Orwell

Friedrich Nietzsche

Walt Whitman

Ken Burns

Work

526

(6)

Bertrand Russell

A philosopher examines the connections between work and happiness.

Work, Labor, and Play

532

(2)

W. H. Auden

In a modern technological society few people have jobs they enjoy, but the prospect of more leisure is not cheerful either.

The Shoeshine Boy

534

(2)

Malcolm X

Malcolm learns to ``Uncle Tom a little'' at the Roseland State Ballroom.

Early Inklings

536

(3)

John Updike

``'You're hired': sweet words, in this life of getting and spending. I have heard them rather rarely. . . .''

The Importance of Work

539

(5)

Gloria Steinem

Both men and women have the ``human right'' to a job. ``But women have more cause to fight for it,'' and have better reasons than ``weworkbecausewehaveto.''

The ``Mommy Track'' Isn't Anti-Woman

544

(2)

Felice N. Schwartz

A debate on what employers can do to help parents balance careers and family responsibilities.

Letters Responding to Felice N. Schwartz

546

(4)

Pat Schroeder

Lois Brenner

Hope Dellon

Anita M. Harris

Peg McAuley Byrd

Life on the Global Assembly Line

Life on the job and off for young Third World women, the ``new industrial proletariat.''

550

(8)

Barbara Ehrenreich

Annette Fuentes

Delusions of Grandeur

558

(3)

Henry Louis Gates Jr.

How many African-American athletes are at work today? Henry Louis Gates Jr. tells us that ``an African-American youngster has about as much chance of becoming a professional athlete as he or she does of winning the lottery.''

Playing to Win

561

(3)

Margaret A. Whitney

A mother reports her responses after her daughter ``became a jock.''

Work and Play in Utopia

564

(7)

Sir Thomas More

The inventor of the word utopia sets forth some ideas about reducing the workweek and about the proper use of leisure.

The End of Play

571

(7)

Marie Winn

Childhood, once a time of play, today is increasingly ``purposeful, success-oriented, competitive.'' What are the causes of this change? And what are the consequences of ``the end of childhood''?

Survivor and the End of Television

578

(4)

John Podhoretz

Reality television offers a series of temptations simultaneously repellent and irresistible.

The Play's the Thing

582

(3)

Ted C. Fishman

Video games ``are not a weak substitute for derring-do. . . .Nor are they secondhand thrills. They are real adventure.''

It Isn't Just a Game: Clues to Avid Rooting

585

(6)

James C. McKinley Jr.

A report on how psychologists look at fans.

A Casebook on College Athletics

591

(81)

The Money Game: Is It Exploiting College Athletes?

591

(4)

Sean Colclough

Myth versus Reality in Big-Time College Sports

595

(12)

Murray Sperber

Playing Their Way In

607

(2)

James L. Shulman

William G. Bowen

Sporting Chances: The Cost of College Athletics

609

(8)

Louis Menand

The Unknown Citizen (poetry)

617

(2)

W. H. Auden

``Was he free, was he happy? The question is absurd.''

Messages

619

(53)

Illustrations

Born Kicking, Graffiti on Billboard, London

620

(1)

Jill Posner

The Letter

621

(1)

Mary Cassatt

Anonymous Sapolio

622

(1)

I Want You

623

(1)

James Montgomery Flagg

Short Views

624

(2)

Marianne Moore

Derek Walcott

Jane Wagner

Emily Dickinson

Howard Nemerov

Wendell Berry

Anonymous

Rosalie Maggio

Benjamin Cardozo

Gary Snyder

Ann Beattie

Address at the Dedication of the Gettysburg National Cemetery

626

(1)

Abraham Lincoln

A two-minute speech that shows signs of enduring.

The Gettysburg Address

627

(6)

Gilbert Highet

A classicist analyzes a speech that we may think we already know well.

You Are What You Say

633

(6)

Robin Lakoff

A linguistic double standard turns women into ``communicative cripples---damned if we do, and damned if we don't.''

Four-Letter Words Can Hurt You

639

(2)

Barbara Lawrence

The best-known obscene words are sadistic and dehumanizing---and their object is almost always female.

Proxemics in the Arab World

641

(8)

Edward T. Hall

Why Americans and Arabs find each other pushy, rude, or simply incomprehensible.

The Workings of Conversational Style

649

(12)

Deborah Tannen

``Our talk is saying something about our relationship.''

The Game of the Name

661

(3)

Steven Pinker

The author of The Language Instinct says that ``People learn a word by witnessing other people using it, so when they use a word, they provide a history of their reading and listening.''

The Marlboro Man: The Perfect Campaign

664

(8)

James B. Twitchell

``Although advertising agencies love giving themselves prizes, there has been no award for the perfect campaign. If there were, Marlboro would win.''

A Casebook on E-Mail

672

(229)

Being Asynchronous

672

(1)

Nicholas Negroponte

Check Your E-Mail; You May Be Fired

673

(2)

Judith Kleinfeld

Please Don't E-Mail Me about This Article

675

(3)

Rob Nixon

In Modern E-Mail Romances ``Trash'' Is Just a Click Away

678

(2)

Ed Boland

A Reunion? Relax. You're Invisible

680

(4)

Debra A. Klein

``Not Waving but Drowning'' (poetry)

684

(1)

Stevie Smith

What a dead man was trying to say all his life.

Art and Life

685

(50)

Illustrations

Grandma Moses

686

(1)

Arnold Newman

The Checkered House

687

(1)

Grandma Moses

Place de l'Europe

688

(1)

Henri Cartier-Bresson

Lila York in Paul Taylor's ``Diggity''

689

(1)

Jack Vartoogian

Short Views

690

(3)

Theophile Gautier

Samuel Butler

George Sand

Han Suyin

Holbrook Jackson

Lady Murasaki

Duke Ellington

Lillian Hellman

Willa Cather

Eudora Welty

Grace Paley

Ezra Pound

Flannery O'Connor

Anonymous

Miles Davis

Mahalia Jackson

George Eliot

Ansel Adams

Leonardo da Vinci

Grandma Moses

Agnes de Mille

Twyla Tharp

Preface to The Picture of Dorian Gray

693

(2)

Oscar Wilde

What Qualities Does a Good Photograph Have?

695

(5)

Lou Jacobs Jr.

``'A little honest controversy about the visual success of a print or slide can be a healthy thing.''

Untitled Photographs (New York City)

700

(1)

Ben Shahn

Two photographs of the same subject. Is one a better photograph than the other?

Culturally Variable Ways of Seeing: Art and Literature

701

(6)

Mary Beard

``Rules for looking'' exist, but they differ from culture to culture.

Triumph over Death

707

(2)

John Simon

The dance---particularly ballet---``appears to defeat the laws of gravity, defy death itself.''

Quick! Before It Crumbles!

709

(4)

Paul Goldberger

An architecture critic looks at cookie architecture.

King of the Jungle

713

(5)

Perri Klass

Responding to complaints that Walt Disney's The Lion King includes material frightening to children, a pediatrician argues against simplifying children's entertainment.

In the Canon, for All the Wrong Reasons

718

(4)

Amy Tan

An Asian-American writer is not altogether comfortable now that her book is required reading.

A Worn Path (fiction)

722

(7)

Eudora Welty

A short story about ``an obstinate case.''

Is Phoenix Jackson's Grandson Really Dead?

729

(3)

Eudora Welty

The author tells her questioners that the ``content'' of her story is not the life or death of any character but ``the deep-grained habit of love.''

Musee des Beaux Arts (poetry)

732

(3)

W. H. Auden

``About suffering they were never wrong. The Old Masters. . . .''

Law and Order

735

(54)

Illustrations

Flower Power

736

(1)

Bernie Boston

The Third of May, 1808

737

(1)

Francisco Goya

CellofaModelPrison, U.S.A.,1975

738

(1)

HenriCartier-Bresson

The Problem We All Live With

739

(1)

Norman Rockwell

Short Views

740

(3)

Kurt Weis

Michael F. Milakovich

Niccolo Machiavelli

G. C. Lichtenberg

Andrew Fletcher

Samuel Johnson

James Boswell

William Blake

Anatole France

Louis D. Brandeis

H. L. Mencken

A New Scarlet Letter

743

(2)

Cathy Booth Thomas

A Texas judge forces sex offenders to broadcast their crimes with house signs and bumper stickers.

The Declaration of Independence

745

(4)

Thomas Jefferson

``We hold these truths to be self-evident.''

From ``Civil Disobedience''

749

(4)

Henry David Thoreau

``Under a government which imprisons any unjustly, the true place for a just man is also a prison.''

Nonviolent Resistance

753

(4)

Martin Luther King Jr.

``Violence as a way of achieving racial justice is both impractical and immoral.''

Why One Peaceful Woman Carries a Pistol

757

(5)

Linda M. Hasselstrom

``God made men and women, but Sam Colt made them equal.''

Protecting Freedom of Expression on the Campus

762

(2)

Derek Bok

A university president explores ``the problem of trying to reconcile the rights of free speech with the desire to avoid racial tension.''

The Internet: The Next Front in the Book Wars

764

(5)

Stephen Bates

Will the Internet inevitably engender censorship?

Frontiersmen Are History

769

(2)

Barbara L. Keller

Guns are not effective as self-defense.

Shot Down

771

(5)

Don B. Kates

``The evidence indicates that banning gun possession by the general public is actually counterproductive.''

The Case for Torture

776

(3)

Michael Levin

``I am not advocating torture as punishment. . . . I am advocating torture as an acceptable measure for preventing future evils.''

Shooting an Elephant

779

(6)

George Orwell

As a young British police officer in Burma, Orwell learns the true nature of imperialism.

The Woman Taken in Adultery

785

(1)

John

``He that is without sin, let him first cast a stone at her.''

To the Lady (poetry)

786

(3)

Mitsuye Yamada

An American woman of Japanese parentage reflects on the internment of Japanese Americans in 1942.

Body and Soul

789

(52)

Illustrations

The Creation of Adam

790

(1)

Michelangelo

Priest Kensu Achieving Enlightenment While Catching a Shrimp

791

(1)

Kao

The Gross Clinic

792

(1)

Thomas Eakins

Lifted Lotus

793

(1)

Ken Gray

Short Views

794

(2)

W. B. Yeats

Napoleon

Walt Whitman

Woody Allen

D. H. Lawrence

Henry David Thoreau

John Locke

Virginia Woolf

Emily Dickinson

Plato

Samuel Johnson

Frederick Douglass

Ray Charles

Friedrich Nietzsche

Oscar Wilde

Nigerian Proverb

Muddy Road

796

(1)

Anonymous

A Zen anecdote about body and mind.

What Is Zen?

796

(4)

D. T. Suzuki

A Japanese Buddhist tries to teach Westerners the nature of enlightenment.

Salvation

800

(3)

Langston Hughes

``I was saved from sin when I was going on thirteen. But not really saved. It happened like this.''

Economy

803

(11)

Henry David Thoreau

``The mass of men live lives of quiet desperation.''

Portrait of My Body

814

(2)

Phillip Lopate

``The simple truth is that I have less energy than I once did, and that accumulated experiences have made me, almost against my will, kinder and sadder.''

The Sandbox: Bully for You: Why Push Comes to Shove

816

(5)

Natalie Angier

``It's hard to see how bullying behavior in schools can be eliminated when bullying behavior among adults is not only common but often applauded---at least if it results in wild success.''

A Critical Look at Astrology

821

(8)

Bart J. Bok

An astronomer charges that the ``availability of astrological predictions'' can have ``insidious influences on a person's personal judgment.''

The Astrologers Reply

829

(5)

R. G. Dobbins

Kathleen Russo

Carolyn Bermingham

Joseph F. Goodavage

Barbara Koval

Responding to Bart J. Bok

Do Lie Detectors Lie? All Too Often

834

(4)

Alfred Meyer

Modern lie detection ``uses the language and trappings of science to sell itself to a trusting public''

Design (poetry)

838

(3)

Robert Frost

A poet wonders if the universe is governed by a ``design of darkness.''

Classic Essays

841

(60)

Crito

842

(12)

Plato

Socrates helps Crito to see that ``we ought not to render evil for evil.''

A Modest Proposal

854

(7)

Jonathan Swift

An eighteenth-century Irish satirist tells his countrymen how they may make children ``sound, useful members of the commonwealth.''

Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions

861

(4)

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

The women at the 1848 Seneca Falls Convention adopt a new declaration, accusing men of failures and crimes parallel to those that led Jefferson in 1776 to denounce King George III.

Professions for Women

865

(5)

Virginia Woolf

Women must confront two obstacles on entering new professions.

The Rewards of Living a Solitary Life

870

(2)

May Sarton

Being alone is not the same as being lonely.

Letter from Birmingham Jail

872