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| Preface | p. xv |
| Administrative Theory, Values Clarification, and Leadership Responsibility | p. 1 |
| Flem Snopes High School: A New Administrative Team | p. 1 |
| Educational Leadership | p. 3 |
| Human Capital and the Accumulated Knowledge Base | p. 7 |
| Administrative Process and Knowledge | p. 8 |
| Philosophical Frames and Epistemological Influences | p. 9 |
| Paradigms and the Scientific-... MORE | p. 11 |
| Political, Critical, and Constructivist Frames of Reference | p. 12 |
| Critical-Contextual, Gender, and Race | p. 13 |
| Postmodernism, Poststructuralism | p. 15 |
| Grounding Moral Educational Leadership in the Intrinsically Moral Enterprise of Learning | p. 18 |
| Ethical Models | p. 19 |
| The Ethic of Caring | p. 19 |
| The Ethic of Justice | p. 19 |
| The Ethic of Critique | p. 20 |
| Foundations of Ethical Behavior: Standards for Good Practice | p. 20 |
| Codes of Ethics | p. 21 |
| Administrative Platforms | p. 21 |
| The Knowledge Base in Educational Administration | p. 25 |
| The Knowledge Base in Educational Administration: A Postmodernist Perspective | p. 27 |
| Conclusion | p. 28 |
| Portfolio Artifacts | p. 29 |
| Terms | p. 29 |
| Suggested Readings | p. 29 |
| Context and Perspective for Educational Leaders | p. 30 |
| Nanuck Middle School: Understanding the Context | p. 30 |
| Contextual Knowledge | p. 31 |
| Broad, Complex Context | p. 32 |
| Federal Turning-Points | p. 33 |
| Education Origins | p. 34 |
| Land Grant | p. 34 |
| Relief | p. 38 |
| National Defense | p. 38 |
| Equal Educational Opportunity | p. 39 |
| World Class Economic Competitiveness and Support-1980 to Present | p. 41 |
| Establishing National Goals | p. 43 |
| Thoughts for Leaders of Educational Institutions in Transition | p. 44 |
| The 1990s and Beyond | p. 46 |
| No Child Left Behind | p. 47 |
| New Technological Demands | p. 49 |
| State Roles and Responses | p. 50 |
| Equity and Social Justice | p. 54 |
| Challenges in the Twenty-First Century | p. 55 |
| Conclusion | p. 57 |
| Portfolio Artifacts | p. 59 |
| Terms | p. 59 |
| Suggested Readings | p. 59 |
| School Reform | p. 60 |
| Scrivner Middle School: Reform at Scrivner | p. 60 |
| Leading Innovative Schools | p. 61 |
| The Context for School Reform | p. 63 |
| Finding New Directions | p. 64 |
| Common Themes in a Changing World | p. 66 |
| Innovative Programs | p. 67 |
| Other Innovative Models and Their Benefits | p. 75 |
| A Framework for School Improvement | p. 76 |
| Harnessing Technology | p. 77 |
| Technology Opens New Opportunities | p. 80 |
| Administrative Applications | p. 80 |
| Wilson Elementary School District: Five Steps to a Successful Technology Program | p. 82 |
| The Leadership Challenge | p. 84 |
| Conclusion | p. 88 |
| Portfolio Artifacts | p. 89 |
| Terms | p. 90 |
| Suggested Readings | p. 90 |
| Diversity and Community Relations | p. 91 |
| Oakes High School: Cultures Clash in Fairhaven | p. 91 |
| Diversity in Schools | p. 93 |
| Socioeconomic Status and Social Class | p. 93 |
| U.S. Population Demographics | p. 93 |
| Cultural Identity | p. 94 |
| Cultural Transitions | p. 97 |
| Sexual Identity | p. 99 |
| Prejudice and Discrimination | p. 100 |
| Discrimination in Schools | p. 101 |
| Competing Perspectives: Theories, Models, and Approaches to Race, Class, and Gender | p. 102 |
| Cultural Deficiency Approach | p. 103 |
| Cultural Difference Approach | p. 104 |
| Human Relations Approach | p. 104 |
| Single-Group Studies Approach | p. 105 |
| Multicultural Education Approach | p. 106 |
| Social Justice Education Approach | p. 106 |
| Segregation, Desegregation, and Integration | p. 109 |
| Magnet Schools | p. 109 |
| Language Diversity in U.S. Schools: Program Options | p. 110 |
| Promoting Linguistically Diverse Learners' Academic Success | p. 111 |
| English Language Learners in U.S. Public Schools | p. 113 |
| English Only, English Plus, and Programs for Nonstandard English Speakers | p. 113 |
| Developing Programs of School, Family, and Community Partnerships: Administrators Make a Difference | p. 114 |
| Connecting Schools and Community Organizations | p. 116 |
| Conclusion | p. 118 |
| Portfolio Artifacts | p. 118 |
| Terms | p. 118 |
| Suggested Readings | p. 119 |
| School District Organizational Structure and Leadership | p. 120 |
| Alta Vista School: Data Disaggregation | p. 120 |
| The Local Role | p. 122 |
| The Local School Division | p. 122 |
| The School Board | p. 124 |
| The School Division Superintendent | p. 127 |
| Central Office Operations | p. 130 |
| Local School Structures and Arrangements | p. 133 |
| The School Administrator | p. 135 |
| Changing Roles | p. 136 |
| Critical Incidents | p. 138 |
| Politics of the Principalship | p. 140 |
| Principal: Instructional Leader or School Manager? | p. 141 |
| School Safety Audit | p. 143 |
| Putting "Cs" into the Village | p. 144 |
| Parental Involvement | p. 145 |
| Assistant Principal (AP) | p. 147 |
| Conclusion | p. 148 |
| Portfolio Artifacts | p. 150 |
| Terms | p. 150 |
| Suggested Readings | p. 150 |
| The Joint AASA-NSBA Superintendent Guidelines | p. 151 |
| Leadership Theory and Practice | p. 153 |
| Atlas Shrug High School: Failing Health | p. 153 |
| Assessing Leadership Characteristics | p. 155 |
| Paradigms of Leadership: A Growing Knowledge Base | p. 156 |
| Leadership Instrument Analyses | p. 157 |
| McGregor's Theories X and Y | p. 158 |
| NREL Behavior Matrix | p. 160 |
| Early Studies | p. 162 |
| The Ohio State Studies | p. 163 |
| The New Managerial Grid | p. 165 |
| Situational and Contingency Leadership | p. 167 |
| University of Michigan Studies | p. 176 |
| Recent Works on Leadership | p. 178 |
| Search for Excellence | p. 178 |
| The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People and Alignment | p. 179 |
| The Learning Organization | p. 181 |
| The New Science of Leadership | p. 182 |
| Total Quality Management (TQM) | p. 183 |
| School-Based Management (SBM) | p. 185 |
| Cultural Leadership | p. 185 |
| Transformational Leadership | p. 187 |
| Leadership Traits or Skills | p. 189 |
| Conclusion | p. 190 |
| Portfolio Artifacts | p. 191 |
| Terms | p. 191 |
| Suggested Readings | p. 192 |
| Directions for Scoring Box 6.1: The X-Y Scale | p. 192 |
| Directions for Interpreting Box 6.4: The Behavior Matrix | p. 193 |
| Directions for Scoring Box 6.5: Leadership Behavior Survey | p. 196 |
| Directions for Scoring Box 6.6: Measuring Preferred Management Styles | p. 197 |
| Twenty-One Combined Domains of Effective School Leadership | p. 199 |
| Successful School Leadership | p. 201 |
| Packer Middle School: An Interview for a Principalship | p. 201 |
| Leadership Matters | p. 201 |
| Adult Learning | p. 204 |
| Effective School Leadership Practices | p. 205 |
| Leadership and the Change Process | p. 208 |
| Structures That Provide Opportunities for Teacher Collaboration | p. 209 |
| Study Groups | p. 209 |
| Instructional Walk-Throughs | p. 210 |
| Teacher Conferences | p. 211 |
| School Visitations | p. 211 |
| District and/or School Instructional Conferences | p. 211 |
| Principals as Instructional Leaders: Modeling and Supporting Teaching and Learning | p. 212 |
| Supporting the Change Process | p. 214 |
| The Teacher Selection Process | p. 214 |
| Conclusion | p. 215 |
| Endnote | p. 216 |
| Terms | p. 216 |
| Suggested Readings | p. 216 |
| Program Development, Delivery, and Assessment | p. 217 |
| Linton Elementary School: Program Improvement | p. 217 |
| Conceptions of Academic Achievement | p. 218 |
| Theories of Intelligence | p. 218 |
| Types of Knowledge | p. 219 |
| Learning Transfer | p. 221 |
| Constructivism: A New Conception of Learning | p. 222 |
| Building a Culture of Learning | p. 223 |
| Teaching and Learning Approaches | p. 224 |
| Apprenticeship Learning | p. 225 |
| Cooperative Learning | p. 225 |
| Problem-Based Learning | p. 226 |
| Curriculum Design and Educational Programming | p. 227 |
| Functions of Curriculum | p. 227 |
| Principal as Curriculum Leader | p. 228 |
| The Standards Movement | p. 229 |
| Curricular and Instructional Change | p. 230 |
| Developing Curriculum and Programs | p. 231 |
| Designing and Managing the Curriculum | p. 232 |
| Seeing the Curriculum Whole: The Function of a Real Educational Leader | p. 233 |
| Program Improvement and Evaluation | p. 235 |
| Utilizing Time | p. 236 |
| Year-Round Education | p. 236 |
| Block Scheduling | p. 237 |
| Looping | p. 238 |
| Time on Task | p. 239 |
| Assessing Student Progress | p. 239 |
| Portfolios | p. 240 |
| Assessing Student Performance | p. 240 |
| Reporting Student Progress | p. 242 |
| Presenting Student Outcomes to the Community | p. 243 |
| Conclusion | p. 245 |
| Portfolio Artifacts | p. 246 |
| Terms | p. 246 |
| Suggested Readings | p. 247 |
| Pupil Personnel Services | p. 248 |
| Edgar Allen Poe Middle School: Special Education | p. 248 |
| Pupil Personnel-Student Service Team | p. 249 |
| Counseling, Guidance, Psychological Services | p. 251 |
| Special Education and Remedial Instruction | p. 252 |
| Inclusion | p. 255 |
| Leadership for Special Services | p. 257 |
| School Health Services | p. 258 |
| Child Accounting and School Safety | p. 259 |
| School Security | p. 260 |
| Student Discipline | p. 261 |
| Pupil Appraisal, Testing, and Diagnostics | p. 265 |
| Extracurricular Activities | p. 266 |
| Conclusion | p. 270 |
| Portfolio Artifacts | p. 271 |
| Terms | p. 271 |
| Suggested Readings | p. 272 |
| Human Resource Management | p. 273 |
| Lincoln Elementary School: Staffing Problems | p. 273 |
| Taking Care of the Staff | p. 276 |
| Job Analysis, Classification, and Staff Planning | p. 277 |
| Job Analysis | p. 280 |
| Job Classification | p. 281 |
| Staff Planning | p. 282 |
| Recruitment | p. 283 |
| Selection | p. 285 |
| Alternative Selection Approaches | p. 287 |
| Performance Appraisal and Evaluation | p. 289 |
| Planning the Evaluation | p. 290 |
| Collecting Information | p. 291 |
| Using Information | p. 292 |
| Staff Development | p. 294 |
| Employee Assistance and Wellness Programs | p. 298 |
| Human Resource Administration in the Third Millennium | p. 299 |
| Organizational Development | p. 300 |
| Wage and Salary Considerations | p. 301 |
| Benefits | p. 303 |
| Collective Bargaining | p. 304 |
| Employee Records and Reports | p. 305 |
| Employee Litigation | p. 305 |
| Conclusion | p. 306 |
| Portfolio Artifacts | p. 306 |
| Terms | p. 307 |
| Suggested Readings | p. 307 |
| Laws and Policies | p. 308 |
| Benton I.S.D: Not Following School Board Policy | p. 308 |
| Legal Responsibility | p. 309 |
| Learning about Schools and Legal Issues | p. 309 |
| The U.S. Legal System | p. 309 |
| Federal Role in Education | p. 309 |
| Federal Courts | p. 310 |
| Understanding Court Decisions | p. 312 |
| The State's Legal Role in Education | p. 314 |
| State Legislatures, Administrative Agencies, and Local Boards of Control | p. 315 |
| School Districts and Litigation | p. 316 |
| Legal Issues and Schools | p. 317 |
| Due Process | p. 318 |
| Freedom of Speech and Expression | p. 319 |
| Discipline and Students with Disabilities | p. 319 |
| The Confidentiality of Student Records | p. 321 |
| Student Rights | p. 321 |
| Torts | p. 322 |
| Monitoring Compliance with Policies and Procedures | p. 323 |
| Legal and Ethical Dimensions of Educational Leadership | p. 324 |
| Conclusion | p. 327 |
| Portfolio Artifacts | p. 328 |
| Terms | p. 328 |
| Suggested Readings | p. 328 |
| Court Cases | p. 329 |
| Resource Allocation and Management | p. 330 |
| Oceanview School District: Identifying Funding Sources for Meadows High | p. 330 |
| Financing Schools | p. 330 |
| Taxes | p. 331 |
| Federal Involvement in Financing Schools | p. 332 |
| State Involvement in Financing Schools | p. 332 |
| Local Involvement in Financing Schools | p. 335 |
| Vouchers | p. 336 |
| Nontraditional Revenue Sources | p. 336 |
| School Foundations | p. 337 |
| Revenue Sources for Independent Schools | p. 338 |
| Obtaining Funding for Educational Programs | p. 338 |
| Grant Writing | p. 339 |
| Budgeting, Accounting, and Facility Management | p. 340 |
| The Budgeting Process | p. 340 |
| Types of Budgeting | p. 343 |
| Line-Item Budgeting | p. 343 |
| Planning, Programming, Budgeting System (PPBS) | p. 344 |
| Zero-Based Budgeting | p. 344 |
| Incremental Budgeting | p. 345 |
| Trends in Budgeting and Management | p. 346 |
| Activity Funds | p. 347 |
| Fiscal Accounting | p. 348 |
| The Audit | p. 349 |
| Acquiring, Allocating, and Accounting for Resources | p. 349 |
| Managing School Supplies and Equipment | p. 351 |
| Maintaining School Buildings and Grounds | p. 351 |
| Conclusion | p. 351 |
| Portfolio Artifacts | p. 352 |
| Terms | p. 353 |
| Suggested Readings | p. 353 |
| Problem-Based Learning Projects | p. 354 |
| Problem-Based Learning | p. 354 |
| Problem-Based Learning in Educational Leadership | p. 356 |
| Facilitating Groups | p. 358 |
| Understanding Group Process | p. 359 |
| Safe Havens: Developing School-Based Health Clinics | p. 362 |
| A Jalapeno in a Candy Jar: Addressing Cultural Diversity | p. 368 |
| Atoms and Bits: A Technology Project | p. 373 |
| Data Management and Analysis (DMA) and Decision Making at Madison High School | p. 380 |
| Marveling at the Results: Power, Roles, Relationships, and School Reform | p. 384 |
| References and Bibliography | p. 392 |
| Name Index | p. 420 |
| Subject Index | p. 428 |
| Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |