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Chemical Dependency : A Systems Approach

ISBN: 9780205342754 | 0205342752
Edition: 3rd
Format: Paperback
Publisher: Allyn & Bacon
Pub. Date: 1/1/2005

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SummaryTable of Contents
This well-respected text on substance abuse takes a comprehensive look at chemical dependency, covering the most recent issues in the areas of epidemiology, etiology, substance abuse policy, and treatment. Chemical Dependency: A Systems Approach, Third Edition, looks at substance abuse from a systems perspective, making it particularly appropriate for social work students who are accustomed to a person-in-environment approach. The text presents all major theories of addiction, as well as the major physiological and psychological results of subs... MORE
Prefacexv
Part One Theories, Models, and Definitions1(90)
1 Definitions and Epidemiology of Substance Use, Abuse, and Disorders
3(22)
... MORE
Introduction
3(3)
Alcohol Use
4(2)
Drug Use
6(1)
Definitions and Myths
6(5)
Disease, Addiction, or Behavioral Disorder?
7(4)
Epidemiology
11(9)
Alcohol
11(2)
Illicit Drugs
13(5)
Tobacco
18(2)
Polydrug Use/Comorbidity
20(1)
Summary
20(1)
Endnotes
21(1)
Resources
21(1)
References
21(4)
2 The Etiology of Addiction
25(17)
Etiological Theories
26(8)
The Moral Model
26(1)
Psychological Theories
26(3)
Biological Theories
29(2)
Sociocultural Theories
31(3)
Alternative Explanations
34(1)
Stages of Alcoholism
34(2)
The Course of Cocaine Addiction
36(1)
A Multicausal Model
37(1)
Summary
37(1)
Resources
38(1)
References
38(4)
3 The Brain Biology of Drug Abuse and Addiction
42(19)
By Richard E. Wilcox and Carlton K. Erickson
Introduction: Background on Abuse, Addiction, and Treatment
42(1)
Terminology
42(1)
The Genetics of Addiction
43(1)
Brain Chemistry and the Anatomy of Addiction
44(3)
Sensitization in Addiction
47(2)
Emotional Learning in Addiction
49(1)
Addiction Therapy without Medication
49(2)
Drug Therapy for Addiction
51(1)
Role of Detoxification in Treating Addiction
52(1)
Drug Therapy for Reducing Craving
53(4)
Alcoholism
53(1)
Stimulant Addictions: Cocaine and the Amphetamines
54(2)
Heroin and Other Opioid Addictions
56(1)
Nicotine Addiction
57(1)
Summary
57(1)
Resources
58(1)
References
58(3)
4 The Physiological and Behavioral Consequences of Alcohol and Drug Abuse
61(30)
The Effects of Alcohol
61(7)
The Metabolization of Alcohol
62(1)
Intoxication
63(1)
Withdrawal
64(1)
The Digestive System
64(1)
The Cardiovascular System
65(1)
The Neurologic System
66(1)
Alcohol and Other Disorders
67(1)
The Effects of Cannabis
68(4)
The Effects of Stimulants
72(5)
Cocaine
72(3)
Amphetamines and Methamphetamines
75(2)
MDMA
77(1)
The Effects of Sedatives
77(1)
The Effects of Narcotics
78(3)
The Digestive System
79(1)
The Endocrine System
79(1)
Integument
79(1)
The Genitourinary System
80(1)
Other Problems
80(1)
OxyContin
80(1)
The Effects of Hallucinogens
81(1)
The Effects of Inhalants
82(1)
The Effects of Drugs on Offspring
83(2)
Alcohol
83(1)
Opiates
84(1)
Tobacco
84(1)
Amphetamines and Cocaine
84(1)
Other Drugs
84(1)
Summary
85(1)
Glossary
85(1)
Resources
85(1)
References
86(5)
Part Two Intervention, Prevention, and Public Policy91(174)
5 Screening, Diagnosis, Assessment, and Referral
93(37)
Screening
94(6)
Can Alcoholics and Addicts Be Believed?
100(2)
Diagnosis
102(5)
Assessment
107(8)
Education
110(1)
Employment
110(1)
Military History
111(1)
Medical History
111(1)
Legal History
111(1)
Drinking and Drug History
112(1)
Psychological or Psychiatric History
113(1)
Family History
113(1)
Current Family and Social Relationships
114(1)
Religion and Spirituality
115(1)
Why the Individual Is Seeking Services
115(1)
Denial, Resistance, and Motivation for Recovery
115(3)
The Ethics of Chemical Dependency Treatment
118(6)
Referrals
124(1)
Summary
125(1)
Endnotes
126(1)
Resources
126(1)
References
127(3)
6 Treatment: The System of Care
130(71)
Components of the Treatment System
130(40)
Detoxification Programs
130(5)
Intensive Treatment
135(5)
Residential Programs
140(6)
Outpatient Services
146(10)
Pharmacotherapy
156(10)
Aftercare
166(1)
Maintenance
167(1)
Education and Psychoeducation
168(1)
Adjunctive Services
169(1)
More Treatment Effectiveness Issues
170(6)
Length of Stay
170(1)
Amount and Intensity of Services
171(1)
Client Characteristics
171(1)
Therapist Characteristics
172(1)
Theoretical Perspectives
173(2)
Cost Effectiveness of Treatment
175(1)
Nontraditional Approaches
176(6)
Controlled or Moderated Drinking
176(2)
Acupuncture
178(3)
Biofeedback
181(1)
Incentives to Improve Treatment Outcomes
181(1)
Self-Help Groups
182(6)
Alcoholics Anonymous
182(4)
Research and Self-Help Groups
186(1)
Narcotics Anonymous and Other Self-Help Groups
187(1)
Summary
188(1)
Endnotes
188(1)
Resources
189(1)
References
190(11)
7 Preventing Alcohol and Drug Problems
201(26)
By C. Aaron McNeece and Machelle Denine Madsen
Overview of Prevention
201(3)
Public Information and Education
204(4)
Programs Directed at Children and Adolescents
205(3)
Service Measures
208(2)
Technologic Measures
210(1)
Legislative and Regulatory Measures
211(6)
Advertising and the Media
212(4)
DUI Prevention
216(1)
Family and Community Approaches
217(1)
Spirituality and Religious Factors
217(1)
Cultural Factors
217(1)
Economic Measures
218(1)
Cost/Benefit Analysis
218(1)
Summary
218(1)
Resources
219(1)
References
219(8)
8 Regulating Drugs and Their Consequences
227(38)
Sociocultural Influences on Public Drug Policy
227(1)
Economic and Political Factors
228(1)
Changes in Drug Use Patterns
229(1)
The Nature of Drug Control
229(1)
Assumptions Underlying Regulation
230(1)
Regulation of Alcohol
231(7)
The Lessons of Prohibition
231(1)
Current U.S. Policies
232(6)
Control of Illicit Drugs
238(8)
The "War on Drugs"
240(1)
The Economics of Drug War/Peace
241(2)
Legalization
243(2)
Medical Marijuana
245(1)
Drugs, Alcohol, and Crime
246(1)
Alcohol and Drug Law Violations
247(3)
Drug Use by Criminals
250(1)
Drug Use by Crime Victims
251(1)
Domestic Violence
251(1)
Drug/Crime Trends in the 1990's
252(5)
Drug Trafficking
253(1)
Drugs, Crime, and Prison
254(1)
Treating Substance-Abusing Offenders
254(2)
Drug Courts
256(1)
Needle and Syringe Exchange Programs
256(1)
Summary
257(1)
Endnote
258(1)
Resources
259(1)
References
259(6)
Part Three Chemical Dependency in Special Populations265(282)
9 Treating Substance-Abusing Youth
269(24)
By David W. Springer
Developmental and Contextual Factors
270(2)
Medical and Psychiatric Context
270(1)
Legal Context
271(1)
Social Context
271(1)
Educational Context
272(1)
Assessment with Substance-Abusing Youth
272(2)
Problem Oriented Screening Instrument for Teenagers (POSIT)
273(1)
Drug Use Screening Inventory-Revised (DUSI-R)
273(1)
Child and Adolescent Functional Assessment Scale (CAFAS)
273(1)
Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory for Adolescents (SASSI-A2)
274(1)
Treatment with Substance-Abusing Youth
274(11)
Managed Care and Dual Diagnoses
275(1)
Prevention
275(1)
Drug Education
276(1)
Outpatient Treatment
277(2)
Abstinence-Oriented Approaches
279(1)
Family-Based Treatment
280(2)
Inpatient Treatment
282(1)
Residential Treatment/Treatment Communities
283(2)
Case Example
285(1)
Treatment Effectiveness with Substance-Abusing Juvenile Offenders: A Brief Review
286(1)
Summary
287(1)
Endnotes
287(1)
Resources
287(1)
References
288(5)
10 Family Systems and Chemical Dependency
293(1)
By Catherine A. Hawkins
A Family Perspective in Theory, Research, and Treatment
294(2)
Theories on Alcoholism and the Family
296(1)
Family Systems Theory of Alcoholism and the Family
297(3)
Rituals and Routines
297(1)
Shame
298(1)
Rules and Roles
299(1)
Codependency and Related Constructs
300(4)
Codependency
300(2)
Children of Alcoholics
302(1)
Adult Children of Alcoholics
303(1)
Assessment and Treatment of Alcoholic Families
304(9)
Behavioral Perspective
309(1)
Stress-Coping Perspective
310(1)
Family Therapy Perspective
311(2)
Effectiveness of Family Treatment
313(1)
Case Example
314(7)
Summary
321(1)
Resources
322(1)
References
322(6)
11 Ethnicity, Culture, and Substance Use Disorders
328(2)
Substance Use and Abuse among American Indians and Alaskan Natives
330(14)
History and Background
330(2)
Explaining Alcohol and Drug Problems among American Indians and Alaskan Natives
332(1)
Substance Use Disorders among American Indians and Alaskan Natives
333(3)
Prevention and Treatment Services for American Indians and Alaskan Natives
336(8)
Substance Use and Abuse among African Americans
344(12)
History and Background
344(2)
Substance Use Disorders and Related Problems among African Americans
346(4)
Chemical Dependency Treatment for African Americans
350(4)
Prevention in African American Communities
354(2)
Substance Use and Abuse among Hispanic Americans
356(9)
History and Background
356(1)
Substance Use Disorders and Related Problems among Hispanic Americans
356(3)
Cultural Influences on Substance Use and Abuse among Hispanic Americans
359(2)
Prevention and Treatment Services for Hispanic Americans
361(4)
Substance Use and Abuse among Asian and Pacific Islander Americans
365(14)
History and Background
365(2)
The Influence of Asian Traditions on Substance Use
367(1)
Substance Use and Related Problems among Asian and Pacific Islander Americans
368(2)
Sociocultural and Genetic Influences on Asian Americans' Substance Use
370(4)
Treatment Services for Asian and Pacific Islander Americans
374(4)
Prevention Services for Asian and Pacific Islander Americans
378(1)
Substance Use and Abuse among Jewish Americans
379(6)
History and Background
379(1)
Explanations of Low Rates of Alcoholism among Jewish Americans
380(2)
Extent of Alcohol and Other Drug Problems among Jewish Americans
382(2)
Prevention and Treatment Services for Jewish Americans
384(1)
Summary
385(1)
Endnotes
386(1)
Resources
387(1)
References
388(13)
12 Substance Abuse Treatment with Sexual Minorities
401(1)
By Catherine Lau Crisp and Diana M. DiNitto
Historical Overview
401(2)
Substance Abuse in Lesbians and Gay Men
403(2)
Similarities in Identities
405(2)
Treatment: Together or Separate?
407(1)
Gay Affirmative Practice
408(4)
Practitioners' Knowledge
409(1)
Practitioners' Attitudes
410(1)
Practitioners' Skills
411(1)
Treatment with Transgendered and Bisexual Clients
412(2)
Transgendered Clients
413(1)
Bisexual Clients
414(1)
Gay and Lesbian Youth
414(2)
Twelve-Step Groups for Gays and Lesbians
416(1)
Summary
417(1)
Endnotes
418(1)
Resources
418(1)
References
419(4)
13 Substance Use Disorders and Co-Occurring Disabilities
423(1)
By Diana M. DiNitto and Deborah K. Webb
Identification and Attitudes
424(1)
Disability Legislation
425(1)
Mental Illness and Substance Use Disorders
426(19)
Prevalence of Co-Occurring Mental Illness and Substance Use Disorders
426(3)
Theories of Co-Occurring Mental Illness and Substance Use Disorders
429(2)
Assessment of Co-Occurring Mental Illness and Substance Use Disorders
431(4)
Treatment of Co-Occurring Mental Illness and Substance Use Disorders
435(10)
Developmental Disabilities and Substance Use Disorders
445(7)
Intellectual Disability
446(6)
Other Developmental Disabilities
452(1)
Mobility Impairments and Substance Use Disorders
452(4)
Traumatic Brain Injury and Substance Use Disorders
456(5)
Sensory Disabilities and Substance Use Disorders
461(6)
Deafness and Other Hearing Impairments
461(4)
Blindness and Other Visual Impairments
465(2)
Other Physical Disabilities and Substance Use Disorders
467(3)
Heart Disease
467(1)
Diabetes
468(1)
Epilepsy
469(1)
Chronic Pain
470(1)
Summary
470(1)
Endnotes
471(1)
Resources
471(1)
References
472(12)
14 Alcohol and Drug Use among Elderly People
484(1)
By Linda Vinton and Kathryn G. Wambach
Prevalence and Patterns
484(3)
Alcohol Abuse
484(2)
Alcohol and Drug Abuse
486(1)
Antecedents and Correlates
487(3)
Sociocultural Models
487(1)
Psychologic and Psychosocial Models
488(2)
Assessment and Biopsychosocial Effects
490(1)
Assessment Strategies and Problems
490(1)
Effects
491(1)
Medical Complications
491(2)
Cognitive Impairment
492(1)
Depression and Suicide
492(1)
Outreach and Treatment
493(3)
Community Education and Awareness
493(1)
Treatment
494(2)
Case Examples
496(2)
Summary
498(1)
Resources
498(1)
References
499(4)
15 Gender and the Use of Drugs and Alcohol: Fact, Fiction, and Unanswered Questions
503(1)
By Diane R. Davis and Diana M. DiNitto
An Equality Women Don't Want
503(3)
Biological Differences
506(11)
Genetics and Etiology
506(2)
Is Biology Destiny?
508(9)
Social Differences
517(4)
Falling from the Pedestal
517(1)
Social Supports
518(2)
Crime
520(1)
Psychological Differences
521(5)
Psychological Distress
521(2)
Effects of Physical and Sexual Abuse
523(2)
Child Maltreatment
525(1)
Gender, Treatment, and Recovery
526(6)
Treatment Matching
527(2)
Serving Women with Children
529(1)
Getting a Fair Shake
530(1)
Self-Help Groups
530(1)
Moving toward a Relational Model
531(1)
Gender Differences Revisited
532(4)
Summary
536(1)
Resources
537(1)
References
537(10)
Part Four Summary and Conclusions547(1)
16 Chemical Dependency: Current Issues and Future Prospects
549(16)
By C. Aaron McNeece, Diana M. DiNitto, and Paul R. Raffoul
Research
551(4)
Research on Harm Reduction
551(1)
Research on Treatment
552(3)
Policy Change
555(1)
Delivery of Treatment Services
556(3)
Third-Party Coverage
556(1)
Managed Care
557(1)
Public Funding
558(1)
Implications for Education and Training
559(1)
Summary and Concluding Thoughts
560(1)
Endnote
561(1)
Resources
561(1)
References
561(4)
Index565

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