9780134441382

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For the Theories of Counseling course.

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Bring theory to life with engaging, integrated case studies

Using case studies, applied examples, original source material, and her own inimitable pedagogical style, Nancy Murdock succinctly elucidates fifteen of the most influential and ground-breaking theories of psychotherapy and counseling in Theories of Counseling and Psychotherapy: A Case Approach. With this articulate guide to counseling theory, students will grasp complicated historical theory, understand the historical footing and uses of each, and learn how these theories have informed each other and contributed to modern practice–all while applying their learning to their own professional counseling experience. The fourth edition includes new theoretical material and thoroughly updated research. Examining the historical roots, evaluations, and lasting effects of Existential, Gestalt, Behavior, Cognitive, Reality, Feminist, Family, Narrative, and Solution-Focused Therapy and much more, this text equips students with the history and application necessary to bring theory to life.

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MyCounselingLab is an online homework, tutorial, and assessment program designed to work with the text to engage students and improve results. Within its structured environment, students see key concepts demonstrated through video clips, practice what they learn, test their understanding, and receive feedback to guide their learning and ensure they master key learning outcomes.

0134441389 / 9780134441382 Theories of Counseling and Psychotherapy: A Case Approach with MyCounselingLab with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package, 4/e consists of:

0134240227 / 9780134240220 Theories of Counseling and Psychotherapy
013444261X / 9780134442617 MyCounselingLab with Pearson eText -- Access Card -- for Theories of Counseling and Psychotherapy: A Case Approach

Nancy L. Murdock, Ph.D. is Professor and Chair of the Division of Counseling and Educational Psychology at the University of Missouri-Kansas City. She has served as the Vice President for Education and Training of the Society of Counseling Psychology and is a past chair of the Council of Counseling Psychology Training Programs. Her research interests include professional issues, counseling/supervision process, and family systems theory.

Brief Table of Contents

1. Theory Is a Good Thing

2. Psychoanalysis

3. Neoanalytic Approaches

4. Individual Psychology

5. Person-Centered Therapy

6. Existential Therapy

7. Gestalt Therapy

8. Behavior Therapy

9. Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy

10. Cognitive Therapy

11. Reality Therapy

12. Feminist Therapy

13. Family Systems Theory

14. Solution-Focused Therapy

15. Narrative Therapy

16. Mindfulness Approaches

17. Conclusion

References

Name Index

Subject Index

Detailed Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Theory Is a Good Thing 1

What is Theory? 2

What is Psychotherapy? 2

Why Bother With Theory? 3

Theory Is Fun 3

Theory Works 3

Theory Is Essential to Human Life 4

Counselors Who Don’t Use Theory May Get Lost 4

Your Task: Find Your Map 5

Characteristics of Good Theory 6

Precision and Testability 7

Empirical Support 8

Parsimony 16

Stimulation 16

Practicality 16

So How Do I Choose a Theory? 16

What About Me? 19

How to Use Theory 21

Ethics: The Role of Professional Values and

Standards 21

Client Welfare 21

Informed Consent 22

Confidentiality 22

Competence 23

Multiple Relationships 23

The Critical Question: How to Decide? 23

How Theory is Presented in This TEXT 24

A Case Study 24

Background 24

Basic Philosophy 24

Human Motivation 24

Central Constructs 24

Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual 24

Health and Dysfunction 25

Nature of Therapy 25

Process of Therapy 25

Therapeutic Techniques 26

Evaluation of the Theory 26

Issues of Individual and Cultural Diversity 26

The Case Study 26

Another Resource FOR Learning to Use Theory 26

Closing Remark 27

Chapter 2 Psychoanalysis 28

Background 29

Basic Philosophy 32

Human Motivation 34

Central Constructs 34

Instinct Theory 34

Topographic Model: The Iceberg Approach 35

Structural Model: The Big Three 35

Repression 37

Symptoms as Symbols 37

Defense Mechanisms 38

Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual 39

Health and Dysfunction 42

Nature of Therapy 46

Assessment 46

Overview of the Therapeutic Atmosphere 46

Roles of Client and Counselor 47

Goals 48

Process of Therapy 48

Insight 48

Resistance 49

Transference 49

Countertransference 49

Phases of Therapy 50

Therapeutic Techniques 51

Free Association 51

Interpretation 51

Analysis of the Resistance 51

Dream Analysis 52

Analysis of the Transference 54

Evaluation of the Theory 55

Qualities of the Theory 56

Research Support 57

Issues of Individual and Cultural Diversity 62

The Case Study 64

Chapter 3 Neoanalytic Approaches 66

Background 66

Ego Psychology: Id Loses the Limelight

Temporarily 74

Overview 74

Central Constructs 74

Theory of the Person 77

Health and Dysfunction 78

Nature of Therapy 78

Process of Therapy 79

Therapeutic Techniques 80

Object Relations: The Lego Approach 80

Overview 80

Central Constructs 83

Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual 85

Health and Dysfunction 86

Nature of Therapy 88

Process of Therapy 89

Therapeutic Techniques 91

Self Psychology–It’s All About Me 91

Overview 91

Central Constructs 92

Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual 93

Health and Dysfunction 94

Nature of Therapy 95

Process of Therapy 96

Therapeutic Techniques 97

Relational Psychoanalysis 98

Overview 98

Central Constructs 98

Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual 100

Health and Dysfunction 100

Nature of Therapy 100

Process of Therapy 101

Therapeutic Techniques 102

Evaluation of Neoanalytic Approaches 103

Qualities of the Theory 103

Research Support 104

Issues of Individual and Cultural Diversity 106

The Case Study 107

Chapter 4 Individual Psychology 109

Background 110

Basic Philosophy 112

Human Motivation 113

Central Constructs 114

Lifestyle 114

Social Interest 115

Inferiority Feelings 116

Basic Tasks 117

Basic Mistakes 118

Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual 119

Health and Dysfunction 122

Nature of Therapy 126

Assessment 126

Overview of the Therapeutic Atmosphere 128

Roles of Client and Counselor 128

Goals 129

Process of Therapy 129

Therapeutic Techniques 131

Interpretation 131

Encouragement 132

Natural and Logical Consequences 132

Acting as If 133

Pushing the Button 133

Catching Oneself 133

Creating Images 134

Pleasing Someone 134

Paradoxical Intention 134

Evaluation of the Theory 135

Qualities of the Theory 135

Research Support 136

Issues of Individual and Cultural Diversity 141

The Case Study 142

Chapter 5 Person-Centered Therapy 144

Background 144

Basic Philosophy 152

Human Motivation 153

Central Constructs 154

Experience 154

Actualizing Tendency 154

Organismic Valuing Process 154

Self 155

Self-Actualizing Tendency 155

Need for Positive Regard and Self-Regard 155

Conditions of Worth 156

Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual 157

Health and Dysfunction 158

Nature of Therapy 159

Assessment 159

Overview of the Therapeutic Atmosphere 159

Roles of Client and Counselor 160

Goals 160

Process of Therapy 161

Congruence 161

Unconditional Positive Regard 162

Empathy 163

A Fourth Condition? 164

Stages of the Therapeutic Process 164

Therapeutic Techniques 166

Evaluation of the Theory 167

Qualities of the Theory 168

Research Support 169

Issues of Individual and Cultural Diversity 172

The Case Study 175

Chapter 6 Existential Therapy 177

Background 178

Basic Philosophy 180

Human Motivation 181

Central Constructs 181

Modes of Being 181

Anxiety 182

The Ultimate Concerns 182

Defenses 184

Theory Of The Person And Development Of The Individual 185

Health And Dysfunction 185

Nature Of Therapy 187

Assessment 187

Overview of the Therapeutic Atmosphere 187

Roles of Client and Counselor 187

Goals 188

Process Of Therapy 189

Therapeutic Techniques 190

Socratic Dialogue 190

Bracketing 191

Attention to Nonverbal Behavior 191

Self-Disclosure 191

Paradoxical Intention 191

Dereflection 192

Dream Analysis 192

Guided Fantasy 192

Evaluation Of The Theory 193

Qualities of the Theory 193

Research Support 195

Issues Of Individual And Cultural Diversity 197

The Case Study 198

Chapter 7 Gestalt Therapy 199

Background 200

Basic Philosophy 205

Human Motivation 206

Central Constructs 206

Contact 206

Needs 207

Polarities 209

Contact Disturbance 209

Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual 211

Health and Dysfunction 211

Nature of Therapy 214

Assessment 214

Overview of the Therapeutic Atmosphere 214

Roles of Client and Counselor 216 Goals 217

Process of Therapy 217

Therapeutic Techniques 219

Experiments 220

Therapist Self-Disclosure 220

Dialogues 221

Playing the Projection 221

Exaggeration 222

Reversals 222

Dream Work 222

Working with Polarities 223

Awareness Training or Bodywork 223

Evaluation of the Theory 223

Qualities of the Theory 224

Research Support 224

Issues of Individual and Cultural Diversity 227

The Case Study 228

Chapter 8 Behavior Therapy 230

Background 231

Basic Philosophy 236

Human Motivation 238

Central Constructs 238

Classical Conditioning 239

Operant Conditioning 240

Observational Learning 243

Theory Of The Person And Development Of The Individual 244

Health And Dysfunction 244

Nature Of Therapy 246

Assessment 246

Overview of the Therapeutic Atmosphere 248

Roles of Client and Counselor 248

Goals 249

Process Of Therapy 250

Therapeutic Techniques 250

Relaxation Training 251

Exposure Therapy 251

Systematic Desensitization 253

Aversive Techniques 255

Shaping 255

Reinforcement 255

Differential Reinforcement 256

Extinction 256

Punishment 257

Assertiveness Training 257

Stimulus Control 258

Covert Conditioning 259

Modeling 259

Behavioral Self-Control 260

Evaluation Of The Theory 260

Qualities of the Theory 261

Research Support 261

Issues Of Individual And Cultural Diversity 264

The Case Study 266

Chapter 9 Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy 267

Background 267

Basic Philosophy 272

Human Motivation 273

Central Constructs 273

ABCs 273

Beliefs 274

Goals 275

Human Worth Ratings and USA 276

Secondary Disturbances 277

Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual 277

Health and Dysfunction 278

Nature of Therapy 280

Assessment 280

Overview of the Therapeutic Atmosphere 282

Roles of Client and Counselor 283

Goals 284

Process of Therapy 284

Therapeutic Techniques 286

Disputing 287

Bibliotherapy 287

Proselytizing 288

Recordings 288

Reframing 289

Stop and Monitor 289

Rational Coping Statements 289

Rational Emotive Imagery 290

Flamboyant Therapist Actions 290

Humor 290

Role Playing 292

Rational-Irrational Dialogues 293

Reinforcements and Penalties 293

Skill Training 294

In Vivo Desensitization 294

Acting on Rational Beliefs 294

Homework 295

Shame Attacking 297

Evaluation of the Theory 297

Qualities of the Theory 298

Research Support 299

Issues of Individual and Cultural Diversity 302

The Case Study 304

Chapter 10 Cognitive Therapy 306

Background 307

Basic Philosophy 310

Human Motivation 311

Central Constructs 312

The Cognitive Model 312

Schemas 312

Beliefs 314

Automatic Thoughts 315

Modes 316

Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual 318

Health and Dysfunction 319

Nature of Therapy 323

Assessment 323

Overview of the Therapeutic Atmosphere 324

Roles of Client and Counselor 324

Goals 325

Process of Therapy 326

Therapeutic Techniques 328

Questioning 330

Downward Arrow 331

Thought Recording 331

Behavioral Experiments 331

Activity Scheduling 333

Graded Tasks 333

Social Skills Training 334

Problem Solving 334

Imagery 334

Role Playing and Other Behaviorally Oriented Techniques 334

Evaluation of the Theory 335

Qualities of the Theory 336

Research Support 336

Issues of Individual and Cultural Diversity 342

The Case Study 344

Chapter 11 Reality Therapy 345

Background 346

Basic Philosophy 348

Human Motivation 349

Central Constructs 349

Basic Needs 349

Quality World 351

Total Behavior 352

Choice Theory 352

Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual 353

Health and Dysfunction 354

Nature of Therapy 356

Assessment 356

Overview of the Therapeutic Atmosphere 356

Roles of Client and Counselor 357

Goals 357

Process of Therapy 358

Therapeutic Techniques 359

Questioning 359

Bibliotherapy 360

Doing the Unexpected 360

Reframing 360

Humor 360

Self-Disclosure 361

Metaphors 361

Physical Activity and Meditation 361

Allowing or Imposing Consequences 362

Evaluation of the Theory 362

Qualities of the Theory 362

Research Support 363

Issues of Individual and Cultural Diversity 365

The Case Study 366

Chapter 12 Feminist Therapy 368

Background 369

Basic Philosophy 372

Human Motivation 375

Central Constructs 376

Gender 376

The Personal Is Political 377

Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual 377

Health and Dysfunction 380

Nature of Therapy 383

Assessment 383

Overview of the Therapeutic Atmosphere 384

Roles of Client and Counselor 384

Goals 385

Process of Therapy 386

Therapeutic Techniques 387

Gender-Role and Power Analysis 387

Self-Disclosure 388

Assertiveness Training 388

Bibliotherapy 389

Evaluation of the Theory 389

Qualities of the Theory 390

Research Support 390

Issues of Individual and Cultural Diversity 393

The Case Study 394

Chapter 13 Family Systems Theory 396

Background 397

The Satir Approach 399

Overview 399

Central Constructs 400

Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual 404

Health and Dysfunction 404

Nature of Therapy 405

Process of Therapy 407

Therapeutic Techniques 407

Structural Family Therapy 409

Overview 409

Central Constructs 411

Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual 412

Health and Dysfunction 413

Nature of Therapy 414

Process of Therapy 416

Therapeutic Techniques 417

Strategic Therapy 420

Overview 420

Central Constructs 421

Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual 422

Health and Dysfunction 422

Nature of Therapy 423

Process of Therapy 425

Therapeutic Techniques 426

Bowen Family Systems Theory 429

Overview 429

Central Constructs 431

Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual 434

Health and Dysfunction 435

Nature of Therapy 435

Process of Therapy 438

Therapeutic Techniques 438

Evaluation of the Family Systems Approaches 439

Qualities of the Theory 440

Research Support 440

Issues of Individual and Cultural Diversity 445

The Case Study 447

Chapter 14 Solution-Focused Therapy 449

Background 449

Basic Philosophy 452

Human Motivation 456

Central Constructs 456

Exceptions 456

Change Talk 457

Solutions 457

Strengths and Resources 457

Theory Of The Person And Development Of The Individual 458

Health And Dysfunction 458

Nature Of Therapy 460

Assessment 460

Overview of the Therapeutic Atmosphere 460

Roles of Client and Counselor 461

Goals 462

Process Of Therapy 462

Therapeutic Techniques 465

Questions 466

Normalizing the Problem 466

Compliments 466

Miracle Question 467

Scaling Questions 467

Fast-Forward Questions 468

Asking About the Problem 468

Externalizing 468

First Session Formula Task 468

Generic Task 469

Breaking Patterns 469

Surprise Task 470

Write, Read, and Burn 470

Structured Fight 471

Do Something Different 471

Solution-Oriented Hypnosis 471

Evaluation Of The Theory 471

Qualities of the Theory 472

Research Support 473

Issues Of Individual And Cultural Diversity 475

The Case Study 477

Chapter 15 Narrative Therapy 478

Background 478

Basic Philosophy 480

Human Motivation 482

Central Constructs 482

Stories 482

Thinness and Thickness 483

Unique Outcomes 484

Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual 484

Health and Dysfunction 485

Nature of Therapy 486

Assessment 486

Overview of the Therapeutic Atmosphere 486

Roles of Client and Counselor 487

Goals 488

Process of Therapy 488

Therapeutic Techniques 492

Questioning 492

Double Listening 493

Outsider Witness Practices 493

Taking It Back Practices 494

Written Artifacts 495

Evaluation of the Theory 498

Qualities of the Theory 499

Research Support 500

Issues of Individual and Cultural Diversity 502

The Case Study 503

Chapter 16 Mindfulness Approaches 505

Background 505

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy 508

Overview 508

Central Constructs 509

Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual 512

Health and Dysfunction 513

Nature of Therapy 515

Process of Therapy 516

Therapeutic Techniques 517

Dialectical Behavior Therapy 519

Overview 519

Central Constructs 521

Theory of the Person and Development of the Individual 522

Health and Dysfunction 523

Nature of Therapy 524

Process of Therapy 525

Therapeutic Techniques 527

Evaluation of Mindfulness Approaches 532

Qualities of the Theory 532

Research Support 532

Issues of Individual and Cultural Diversity 535

The Case Study 536

Chapter 17 Conclusion 537

Is This a Good Theory? 539

Empirical Support 539

Stimulating 540

Practical 540

Your Philosophical Assumptions 540

Your Beliefs About Human Behavior 541

Your Personal Style: Approach and Technique 545

The Role of Your Clients: Diversity is Here to Stay 550

Eclectic and Integrative Approaches to Psychotherapy 550

The Contextual Model 556

Conclusion 557

References R-01

Name Index NI-01

Subject Index SI-15

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Theories of Counseling and Psychotherapy A Case Approach with MyLab Counseling with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package

Theories of Counseling and Psychotherapy A Case Approach with MyLab Counseling with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package

0134441389

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials