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Understanding and Using English Grammar

by: Azar, Betty Schrampfer

Understanding and Using English Grammar

by: Azar, Betty Schrampfer

ISBN 13:
9780132353366
ISBN 10:
0132353369
Edition: 3rd
Format: Paperback
Copyright: 01/30/2007
Publisher: Pearson ESL
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Overview of Verb Tenses
The Simple Tenses
The Progressive Tenses
The Perfect Tenses
The Perfect Progressive Tenses
Summary Chart of Verb Tenses
Spelling of -ing and -ed Forms
Present and Past, Simple and Progressive
Simple Present
Present Progressive
Stative Verbs
am/is/are being t+ Adjective
Regular and Irregular Verbs
Regular Verbs: Pronunciation of -ed Endings
Irregular Verbs: An Alphabetical List
Troublesome Verbs: raise/rise, set/sit, lay/lie
Simple Past
Past Progressive
Using Progressive Verbs with always to Complain
Using Expressions of Place with Progressive Verbs
PERFECT AND PERFECT PROGRESSIVE TENSES
Present Perfect
Present Perfect Progressive
Past Perfect
Past Perfect Progressive
FUTURE TIME
Simple Future: will and be going to
will vs.be going to
Expressing the Future in Time Clauses
Using the Present Progressive and the Simple Present to Express Future Time
Future Progressive
Future Perfect
Future Perfect Progressive
Adverb Clauses Of Time and Review of Verb Tenses
Adverb Clauses of Time: Form
Using Adverb Clauses to Show Time Relationships
Subject-Verb Agreement
Final -s/-es Use, Pronunciation, and Spelling
Basic Subject-Verb Agreement
Subject-Verb Agreement: Using Expressions of Quantity
Subject-Verb Agreement: Using there + be
Subject-Verb Agreement: Some Irregularities
Nouns
Regular and Irregular Plural Nouns
Possessive Nouns
Using Nouns as Modifiers
Count and Noncount Nouns
Noncount Nouns
Some Common Noncount Nouns
Basic Article Usage
General Guidelines For Article Usage
Expressions of Quantity
Using a few and few a little and little
Using of in Expressions of Quantity
all (of) and both (of)
Singular Expressions of Quantity: one, each, every
Pronouns
Personal Pronouns
Personal Pronouns: Agreement with Generic Nouns and Indefinite Pronouns
Personal Pronouns: Agreement With Collective Nouns
Reflexive Pronouns
Using you, one, and they as Impersonal Pronouns
Forms of other
Common Expressions with other
MODALS, Part 1
Introduction
Polite Questions with I as the Subject
Polite Questions with you as the Subject
Polite Requests with would you mind
Expressing Necessity: must, have to, have got to
Lack of Necessity and Prohibition: have to and must in the Negative
Advisability: should, ought to, had better
The Past Form of should
Expectations: be supposed to
Making Suggestions: let's, why don't, shall we
Making Suggestions: could vs. should
MODALS, Part 2
Degrees of Certainty: Present Time
Degrees of Certainty: Present Time Negative
Degrees of Certainty: Past Time
Degrees of Certainty: Future Time
Progressive Forms of Modals
Ability: can and could
Using would to Express a Repeated Action in the Past
Expressing Preference: would rather
Combining Modals with Phrasal Modals
Summary Chart of Modals and Similar Expressions
The Passive
Forming the Passive
Using the Passive
Indirect Objects Used as Passive Subjects
The Passive Form of Modals and Phrasal Modals
Stative Passive
Common Stative Passive Verbs + Prepositions
The Passive with get
Participial Adjectives
Noun Clauses
Introduction
Noun Clauses Beginning with a Question Word
Noun Clauses Beginning with whether or if
Question Words Followed by Infinitives
Noun Clauses Beginning with that
Quoted Speech
Reported Speech: Verb Forms in Noun Clauses
Using The Subjunctive in Noun Clauses
Using -ever Words
Adjective Clauses
Introduction
Adjective Clause Pronouns Used as the Subject
Adjective Clause Pronouns Used as the Object of a Verb
Adjective Clause Pronouns Used as the Object of a Preposition
Usual Patterns of Adjective Clauses
Using whose
Using where in Adjective Clauses
Using when in Adjective Clauses
Using Adjective Clauses to Modify Pronouns
Punctuating Adjective Clauses
Using Expressions of Quantity in Adjective Clauses
Using Noun + of which
Using which to Modify a Whole Sentence
Reducing Adjective Clauses to Adjective Phrases: Introduction
Changing an Adjective Clause to an Adjective Phrase
Gerunds And Infinitives, Part 1
Gerunds: Introduction
Using Gerunds as the Objects of Prepositions
Common Preposition Combinations Followed by Gerunds
Common Verbs Followed by Gerunds
go + Gerund
Special Expressions Followed by -ing
Common Verbs Followed by Infinitives
Common Verbs Followed by Either Infinitives or Gerunds
Reference List of Verbs Followed by Gerunds
Reference List of Verbs Followed by Infinitives
it + Infinitive Gerunds and Infinitives as Subjects
Gerunds and Infinitives, Part 2
Infinitive of Purpose: in order to
Adjectives Followed by Infinitives
Using Infinitives With too and enough
Passive and Past Forms of Infinitives and Gerunds
Using Gerunds or Passive Infinitives Following need
Using a Possessive to Modify a Gerund
Using Verbs of Perception
Using the Simple Form after let and help
Using Causative Verbs: make, have, get
Coordinating Conjunctions
Parallel Structure
Using Paired Conjunctions: both and not only but also either or neither nor
Combining Independent Clauses with Coordinating Conjunctions
Adverb Clauses
Introduction
Using Adverb Clauses to Show Cause and Effect
Expressing Contrast (Unexpected Result): Using even though
Showing Direct Contrast: while and whereas
Expressing Conditions in Adverb Clauses: if-Clauses
Adverb Clauses of Condition: Using whether or not and even if
Adverb Clauses of Condition: Using in case and in the event that
Adverb Clauses of Condition: Using unless
Adverb Clauses of Condition: Using only if
Reduction of Adverb Clauses to Modifying Adverbial Phrases
Introduction
Changing Time Clauses to Modifying Adverbial Phrases
Expressing The Idea of "During The Same Time" in Modifying Adverbial Phrases
Expressing Cause and Effect in Modifying Adverbial Phrases
Using upon + -ing in Modifying Adverbial Phrases
Connectives that Express Cause and Effect, Contrast. and Condition
Using because of and due to
Using Transitions to Show Cause and Effect: therefore and consequently
Summary of Patterns and Punctuation
Other Ways of Expressing Cause and Effect: such . that and so . that
Expressing Purpose: Using so that
Showing Contrast (Unexpected Result)
Showing Direct Contrast
Expressing Conditions: Using otherwise and or (else)
Summary of Connectives: Cause and Effect, Contrast, Condition
Conditional Sentences and Wishes
Overview of Basic Verb Forms Used in Conditional Sentences
True in the Present or Future
Untrue (Contrary to Fact) in the Present or Future
Untrue (Contrary to Fact) in the Past
Using Progressive Verb Forms in Conditional Sentences
Using "Mixed Time" in Conditional Sentences
Omitting if
Implied Conditions
Using as if / as though
Verb Forms Following wish
Using would to Make Wishes about the Future
Appendix: Supplementary Grammar Units
Basic Grammar Terminology
Subjects, Verbs, and Objects
Prepositions and Prepositional Phrases
Adjectives
Adverbs
The Verb be
Linking Verbs
Questions
Forms of Yes/No and Information Questions
Question Words
Shortened Yes/No Questions
Negative Questions
Tag Questions
Contractions
Negatives
Using not and Other Negative Words
D-2
D-3
Preposition Combinations
Preposition Combinations with Adjectives and Verbs
Connectives to Give Examples and to Continue an Idea
Connectives to Give Examples
Connectives to Continue the Same Idea
Verb Form Review Exercises
Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved.

Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

Understanding and Using English Grammar

Understanding and Using English Grammar

9780132353366

0132353369

Table of Contents

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Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

Understanding and Using English Grammar

Understanding and Using English Grammar

9780132353366

0132353369

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

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