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Psychosocial Aspects of Healthcare

ISBN: 9780131716742 | 0131716743
Edition: 2nd
Format: Paperback
Publisher: Prentice Hall
Pub. Date: 1/1/2007

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SummaryTable of Contents
This text is based on the belief that an understanding of the psychococial aspects of health care optimizes therapeutic outcomes. Comprehensive in scope, Drench addresses a variety of psychosocial topics involving individuals affected by pathology, impairment, functional limitation and/or disability. It addresses very real issues in today's health care environment, acknowledging time as well as other constraints, and describes recommended roles and intervention strategies for care providers. It is intended for students and professionals within ... MORE
... MORE
Prefacexv
Acknowledgmentsxvii
Reviewersxix
PART I Understanding Client-Professional Relationships1(104)
1 Recognizing Beliefs and Values
3(22)
UNDERSTANDING VALUES
4(1)
ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIOR
5(1)
STIGMA AND PREJUDICE IN HEALTH CARE DELIVERY
6(11)
Blaming the Clients
6(1)
Cultural Bias
7(1)
Gender Bias
8(1)
Ageism
9(2)
Ethnic Bias
11(2)
HIV and AIDS Bias
13(1)
Mental Illness Bias
14(1)
Obesity Bias
15(1)
Substance Abuse Bias
16(1)
Disability Bias
16(1)
BECOMING COMPETENT, UNBIASED HEALTH CARE PRACTITIONERS
17(1)
CROSS-PROFESSIONAL VALUES AND BIASES
18(1)
SUMMARY
19(1)
REFLECTIVE QUESTIONS
19(1)
CASE STUDY
20(1)
REFERENCES
20(5)
2 Communication
25(32)
ELEMENTS OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
27(1)
Levels of Communication
27(1)
DEVELOPING PRACTITIONER—CLIENT RAPPORT
28(2)
Client-Sensitive Language
29(1)
MINDFULNESS: BEING PRESENT IN THE MOMENT
30(1)
VERBAL COMMUNICATION
31(2)
Vocabulary
31(1)
Paralanguage
32(1)
Active Listening
32(1)
NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION
33(2)
Facial Expressions
34(1)
Touch
34(1)
Spatial Distances/Proxemics
35(1)
Distracting Behaviors
35(1)
WRITTEN COMMUNICATION
35(1)
Electronic Communication
36(1)
GRASPING THE TRUE MEANING OF WHAT THE CLIENT IS SAYING
36(1)
USING HUMOR TO COMMUNICATE
37(2)
BARRIERS TO EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
39(3)
Role Uncertainty
39(1)
Sensory Overload
39(1)
Physical Appearance
40(1)
Voice and Word Choice
40(1)
Language Barriers
41(1)
CONFLICT
42(6)
Levels of Conflict
44(1)
Personal Conflict
44(1)
Interpersonal Conflict
44(1)
Intragroup Conflict
45(1)
Intergroup Conflict
45(1)
Sources of Conflict
46(2)
STRATEGIES TO MANAGE CONFLICT
48(3)
Avoidance
49(1)
Accommodation
49(1)
Competition
50(1)
Compromise
50(1)
Collaboration
50(1)
Mediation
51(1)
SUMMARY
51(1)
REFLECTIVE QUESTIONS
52(1)
CASE STUDY
52(1)
REFERENCES
53(4)
3 Cultural Aspects of Therapeutic Care
57(24)
RACE, ETHNICITY, AND CULTURE
58(1)
SUBCULTURES
59(2)
Acculturation, Assimilation, Biculturalism
60(1)
WORLDVIEW
61(8)
Time Orientation
63(1)
Activity Orientation/Environmental Control
63(1)
Use of Space
64(1)
Social Organization and Relationships
64(1)
Communication
65(2)
Poverty as a Cultural Issue
67(2)
EXPLANATORY MODELS OF HEALTH AND ILLNESS
69(1)
HEALTH BELIEFS AND PRACTICES
69(2)
Native American Cultures
70(1)
Asian Cultures
70(1)
Latino/Hispanic Cultures
70(1)
Black Cultures
71(1)
THE CULTURE OF MEDICINE
71(1)
BARRIERS TO EFFECTIVE CROSS-CULTURAL HEALTH CARE
72(1)
CREATING SOLUTIONS TO CROSS-CULTURAL HEALTH CARE
73(3)
Culturally Competent Practices
74(2)
SUMMARY
76(1)
REFLECTIVE QUESTIONS
76(1)
CASE STUDY
76(1)
REFERENCES
77(4)
4 Understanding Family Needs, Roles, and Responsibilities
81(24)
FAMILY SYSTEMS
82(3)
Working Together, Working Apart
82(1)
Family Caregivers: Who Are They? Where Do They Come From?
83(1)
Economics of Family Caregiving
84(1)
CAREGIVER NEEDS
85(3)
Information and Education
86(1)
Trust
87(1)
Advocacy
87(1)
Identification of Resources
88(1)
DEVELOPING CAREGIVER SKILLS
88(1)
ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES WITHIN THE FAMILY SYSTEM
89(5)
Caring for a Spouse or Partner
90(1)
Caring for a Parent
91(1)
Caring for a Child
92(2)
Sibling Roles and Responsibilities
94(1)
CAREGIVER BURDEN
94(2)
CARING FOR THE CAREGIVER
96(1)
Respite Care
96(1)
Support Groups
96(1)
Humor
97(1)
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN PROFESSIONAL AND FAMILY CAREGIVERS
97(1)
SUMMARY
98(1)
REFLECTIVE QUESTIONS
99(1)
CASE STUDY
99(1)
REFERENCES
100(3)
ADDITIONAL READINGS FOR PART I
103(2)
Part II Goal-Setting: Client—Professional Collaboration105(72)
5 Client Rights and Provider Responsibilities
107(24)
THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM
108(5)
Age of Paternalism
108(2)
Age of Autonomy
110(1)
Age of Bureaucracy
110(2)
Age of Justice
112(1)
HEALTH AND QUALITY OF LIFE
113(1)
QUALITY OF LIFE ASSESSMENT
114(1)
DISABLEMENT
115(3)
Disablement Models
116(1)
Nagi Model
116(1)
International Classification
117(1)
Variations in Response to Disablement
117(1)
THE CLIENT-PROVIDER RELATIONSHIP
118(3)
Boundaries
118(1)
Preservation of Dignity
119(1)
Trust, Respect, and Compassion
120(1)
Advocacy
121(1)
PROVIDER RESPONSIBILITIES
121(5)
Legal and Ethical Guidelines
122(1)
Autonomy
123(2)
Beneficence and Nonmaleficence
125(1)
Justice
125(1)
SUMMARY
126(1)
REFLECTIVE QUESTIONS
126(1)
CASE STUDY
127(1)
REFERENCES
127(4)
6 Motivation and Adherence
131(16)
FACTORS AFFECTING MOTIVATION
132(3)
Locus of Control
132(1)
Self-Efficacy
133(1)
Self-Esteem
133(1)
Social Support
134(1)
ROLE OF HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS IN PROMOTING MOTIVATION AND ADHERENCE
135(1)
STRATEGIES TO ENHANCE MOTIVATION AND ADHERENCE
136(5)
Goal-Setting
136(2)
Education
138(1)
Feedback
139(1)
Peer Support Groups
139(1)
Functional Programs
140(1)
Primacy and Secondary Control-Enhancing Strategies
141(1)
SUMMARY
141(1)
REFLECTIVE QUESTIONS
142(1)
CASE STUDY
142(1)
REFERENCES
143(4)
7 Collaborative Treatment-Planning
147(14)
COLLABORATION
148(3)
BARRIERS TO COLLABORATION
151(2)
STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVING COLLABORATION
153(1)
MODIFYING HEALTH BEHAVIORS
154(3)
Health Belief Model
154(1)
Transtheoretical Model for Health Behavior Change
155(1)
Five A's Behavioral Intervention Protocol
156(1)
SUMMARY
157(1)
REFLECTIVE QUESTIONS
158(1)
CASE STUDY
158(1)
REFERENCES
158(3)
8 The Mind-Body-Spirit Connection
161(16)
HOLISM
162(1)
SPIRITUALITY
163(1)
ANCIENT INSIGHTS AND MODERN PRACTICES
163(3)
MIND-BODY-SPIRIT
166(2)
PSYCHONEUROIMMUNOLOGY
168(1)
PULLING IT ALL TOGETHER
169(2)
SUMMARY
171(1)
REFLECTIVE QUESTIONS
171(1)
CASE STUDY
172(1)
REFERENCES
172(2)
ADDITIONAL READINGS FOR PART II
174(3)
Part III Changing Perspectives177(52)
9 Body Image and Self-Concept
179(16)
SUDDEN ONSET VERSUS CHRONIC OR PROGRESSIVE COURSE
180(1)
THE MEANING OF PHYSICAL CHANGE
181(1)
FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE HOW A PERSON RESPONDS TO CHANGES IN BODY IMAGE
182(3)
Prior Loss
182(1)
Nature of Current Loss
182(1)
Prognosis for Treatment and Recovery
182(1)
Patterns of Development
182(1)
Family and Cultural Values, Beliefs, and Attitudes
183(1)
Personal Control
183(1)
Sin and Stigma
184(1)
Social Support
185(1)
RESPONDING TO CHANGES IN BODY IMAGE FROM DISEASE AND INJURY
185(4)
Concern about Value and Normalcy
185(1)
Physical Appearance and Self-Esteem
186(1)
Denial, Repression, Loss, and Grief
186(1)
Dark Humor
187(1)
Fears Related to Surgical Changes
187(1)
Facial Disfiguration
187(1)
Shame, Embarrassment, Anger, Withdrawal, and Depression
188(1)
Remaining Whole
188(1)
Achieving "Success"
189(1)
STRATEGIES FOR ADAPTING AND ACCEPTING CHANGES IN BODY IMAGE
189(2)
Communication
189(1)
Education and Support
190(1)
Emphasizing Capabilities
190(1)
Life's Activities
191(1)
SUMMARY
191(1)
REFLECTIVE QUESTIONS
191(1)
CASE STUDY
192(1)
REFERENCES
192(3)
10 Condition-Specific Characteristics
195(18)
CONGENITAL AND PERINATAL CONDITIONS
196(4)
Adults with Developmental Disabilities
198(1)
Physical Problems
199(1)
Cognition/Communication
199(1)
Psychosocial Concerns
200(1)
SUDDEN-ONSET DISABILITY
200(3)
Disruption of Body Image
201(1)
Orientation to Time
201(1)
Grief and Depression
202(1)
Fear, Anxiety, Guilt, and Rage
202(1)
Adjustment
203(1)
ACUTE OR RAPIDLY PROGRESSIVE DISEASES
203(3)
Coping Strategies
204(2)
AGE-RELATED DISABILITY
206(1)
SUMMARY
207(1)
REFLECTIVE QUESTIONS
207(1)
CASE STUDY
208(1)
REFERENCES
208(5)
11 Sexuality
213(16)
SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT
214(7)
Prenatal
214(1)
Early Childhood
214(2)
Later Childhood and Adolescence
216(1)
Early Adulthood
217(1)
Middle Adulthood
218(1)
Older Adulthood
219(2)
CLINICAL INTERVENTIONS
221(2)
Taking a Sexual History
222(1)
SUMMARY
223(1)
REFLECTIVE QUESTIONS
223(1)
CASE STUDY
224(1)
REFERENCES
224(3)
ADDITIONAL READINGS FOR PART III
227(2)
Part IV The Continuum of Loss, Grief, and Adjustment229(64)
12 Loss
231(12)
LOSS IS A "FOUR-LETTER WORD"
232(4)
Cure, Goal, and Fail are Also "Four-Letter Words"
232(1)
Types of Loss
232(2)
Loss Associated with Chronic Conditions
234(2)
LOSS FOR THE PERSONAL CAREGIVER
236(1)
Loss FOR THE HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONAL
237(2)
SUMMARY
239(1)
REFLECTIVE QUESTIONS
239(1)
CASE STUDY
240(1)
REFERENCES
240(3)
13 Grief
243(20)
TYPES OF GRIEF
244(1)
GRIEVING BEHAVIOR
245(8)
Denial
248(1)
Anger
249(1)
Guilt
250(1)
Bargaining
250(1)
Sadness and Depression
251(1)
Anxiety
252(1)
Diminished Problem Solving
252(1)
CONCEPTUAL MODELS OF GRIEVING
253(3)
Stages of Grieving and Dying
253(1)
Integrative Theory of Bereavement
254(1)
Tasks of Mourning
255(1)
GRIEF OUTCOMES
256(2)
CHRONIC SORROW
258(1)
SUMMARY
259(1)
REFLECTIVE QUESTIONS
260(1)
CASE STUDY
260(1)
REFERENCES
261(2)
14 Adjustment
263(30)
COPING BEHAVIOR
264(5)
Coping Skills
265(1)
Appraisal-Focused Coping
265(2)
Problem-Focused Coping
267(1)
Emotion-Focused Coping
267(2)
PSYCHOSOCIAL ADAPTATION STRATEGIES
269(11)
Cognitive Reframing
270(1)
Meaning of Life
271(1)
Emotional and Practical Support
272(1)
Counseling
273(2)
Counseling Approaches
275(1)
Support Groups
276(1)
Bereavement Services
277(1)
Hope
278(2)
IMPLICATIONS FOR HEALTH PROVIDERS
280(5)
Tasks of Mourning
281(1)
Helping Clients Adjust
282(3)
SUMMARY
285(1)
REFLECTIVE QUESTIONS
285(1)
CASE STUDY
286(1)
REFERENCES
286(5)
ADDITIONAL READINGS FOR PART IV
291(2)
Part V Responses to Illness and Disability That Complicate Care293(62)
15 Chronic Illness
295(20)
CHRONIC HEALTH PROBLEMS
296(3)
Incidence
297(1)
Chronic Health Conditions and Income
297(1)
Cost of Chronic Health Conditions
298(1)
DISEASE VERSUS ILLNESS
299(1)
CHRONIC PAIN
300(2)
Progression from Acute to Chronic Pain
300(2)
Pain and the Mind–Body Connection
302(1)
PERMANENT DISABILITY
302(4)
Health Care Needs of People with Disabilities
303(1)
Return-to-Work Issues
304(2)
MALINGERING
306(2)
CONVERSION DISORDER
308(1)
THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTIONS
309(1)
SUMMARY
310(1)
REFLECTIVE QUESTIONS
310(1)
CASE STUDY
311(1)
REFERENCES
311(4)
16 Psychiatric Disorders
315(20)
DEPRESSION
318(4)
Dysthymia
322(1)
BIPOLAR SPECTRUM DISORDER
322(2)
ANXIETY DISORDERS
324(6)
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
326(1)
Social and Other Phobias
326(1)
Panic Disorder
326(1)
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
327(3)
IMPLICATIONS FOR HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS
330(1)
SUMMARY
331(1)
REFLECTIVE QUESTIONS
331(1)
CASE STUDY
332(1)
REFERENCES
332(3)
17 Destructive Behaviors
335(20)
FAMILY VIOLENCE AND ABUSE
336(2)
SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERS
338(4)
Use
338(1)
Abuse
339(1)
Addiction
339(1)
Alcoholism
340(2)
EATING DISORDERS
342(4)
Anorexia
343(1)
Bulimia
344(1)
Obesity
345(1)
SELF-INJURIOUS BEHAVIOR
346(4)
Suicide
348(2)
SUMMARY
350(1)
REFLECTIVE QUESTIONS
350(1)
CASE STUDY
351(1)
REFERENCES
351(3)
ADDITIONAL READINGS FOR PART V
354(1)
Index355

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