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Teaching Students With Learning Problems

by: Mercer, Cecil D.; Mercer, Ann R.

Teaching Students With Learning Problems

by: Mercer, Cecil D.; Mercer, Ann R.

ISBN 13:
9780131128071
ISBN 10:
0131128078
Edition: 7th
Format: Paperback
Copyright: 01/01/2005
Publisher: Pearson College Div
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Summary

This top-selling practical, research-based text contains the resources teachers need to make informed decisions concerning their students with learning or behavior problems, making it the most useful methods text on the market. Prided for its unique and comprehensive coverage of classroom assessment and methods for the content areas, it assists teachers in finding effective practices to facilitate instruction of students with learning problems.

PART I FOUNDATIONS OF TEACHING

(206)

Creating Responsive Learning Environments

(38)

Students at Risk for School Failure

(2)

Characteristics of Students at Risk for School Failure

(1)

Individualized Educational-Programs

(8)

Participants in IEP Meetings

(1)

Components of an IEP

(3)

Using the IEP

(1)

Educational Services and Related Practices

(4)

Least Restrictive Environment

(2)

The General Education Class

(1)

Reintegration of Students

(1)

Movement from Mainstreaming to Inclusion

(6)

The Regular Education Initiative

(1)

The Inclusion Movement

(1)

Rationale for Inclusion

(1)

Rationale for Continuum of Alternative Placements

(1)

Research on the Inclusion and Continuum of Alternative Placements Issue

(2)

Perspective on the Movement from Mainstreaming to Inclusion

(1)

Program Factors and Least Restrictive Environment

(10)

Teachers Teaching Teachers

(5)

The Special Education or At-Risk Teacher

(1)

Teacher-Parent Collaboration

(3)

Instructional Variables Related to Student Learning

(7)

Focus on Time for Learning

(1)

Ensure High Rates of Student Success

(2)

Provide Positive and Supportive Learning Environments

(1)

Plan and Maintain a Motivational Environment

(3)

Planning and Organizing Instruction

(43)

Physical Arrangements

(3)

Arrangement of Students

(1)

Arrangement of Materials

(1)

Arrangement of Special Areas and Centers

(1)

General Considerations

(2)

Instructional Arrangements

(30)

Large-Group Instruction

(1)

Small-Group Instruction

(2)

One Student with Teacher

(1)

Students Teaching Students: Peer Tutoring

(5)

Students Teaching Students: Classwide Peer Tutoring

(3)

Students Teaching Students: Cooperative Learning

(1)

Material with Student: Seatwork Activities

(2)

Material with Student: Self-Correcting Materials

(4)

Material with Student: Instructional Games

(2)

Material with Student: Technological Tools

(4)

Material with Student: Homework

(3)

Scheduling

(4)

General Scheduling Techniques

(1)

Scheduling at the Elementary Level

(1)

Scheduling at the Secondary Level

(1)

Scheduling in the Resource Room

(1)

Classroom Equipment

(4)

Tape Recorder

(1)

Overhead Projector

(1)

Small-Item Materials

(2)

Material Organization System

(1)

Assessing Students for Instruction

(44)

Individualized Programming: A Continuous Process of Assessment and Teaching

(5)

Step I: Assess to Identify Target Skill or Content

(4)

Step II: Determine Factors Likely to Facilitate Learning

(1)

Step III: Plan Instruction

(1)

Step IV: Begin Daily Data-Managed Instruction

(1)

Stages of Learning

(2)

Acquisition Stage

(1)

Proficiency Stage

(1)

Maintenance Stage

(1)

Generalization Stage

(1)

Adaption Stage

(1)

Commentary on Learning Stages

(1)

Monitoring Student Performance for Determining What to Teach

(15)

Using Curriculum-Based Measurement to Establish Performance Standards

(2)

Individually Referenced Data Systems

(12)

Basic Guidelines for Monitoring Student Performance

105

(1)

Commentary on Data-Based Instruction

105

(1)

Assessment for Determining How to Teach

106

(4)

Formats for Determining How to Teach

106

(4)

Assessment Areas for Determining How to Teach

110

(8)

Expectation Factors

110

(2)

Stimulus Events

112

(3)

Response Factors

115

(1)

Subsequent Events

116

(1)

Analysis of the Student Learning Profile

116

(1)

Perspective on Assessing for How to Teach

116

(2)

Grading

118

(4)

Types of Alternative Grading

119

(1)

Guidelines for Developing an Effective Grading System

120

(2)

Testing Modifications

122

(2)

Record keeping

124

(3)

Composite Recordkeeping

124

(1)

Daily Recordkeeping

125

(2)

Teaching Students and Managing Instruction

127

(35)

A Continuum of Instructional Choices

128

(5)

Setting Demands of an Implicit Learning Environment

130

(1)

Research Base for a Continuum of Instructional Choices

131

(1)

Perspective on a Continuum of Instructional Choices

132

(1)

Systematic Teaching Steps

133

(10)

Opening the Lesson

133

(1)

Conducting an Interactive Presentation

134

(1)

Closing the Lesson

135

(1)

Using Continuous Teaching Components

136

(4)

Fostering Independence

140

(2)

Using Questions

142

(1)

Classroom Management

143

(4)

Classroom Tone

143

(1)

Classroom Rules

144

(3)

Engaging Students

147

(1)

Accommodating Students with Learning Problems in General Education Classrooms

147

(5)

Accommodations Involving Materials

147

(2)

Accommodations Involving Interactive Instruction

149

(1)

Accommodations Involving Student Performance

150

(2)

Selecting Curriculum

152

(2)

Material Selection Factors

152

(2)

Guidelines for Designing a Curriculum

154

(1)

Planning Units and Lessons

154

(4)

Planning Routines for Units

156

(2)

Lesson Planning Format

158

(1)

Postinstructional Activities

158

(2)

Teacher Reflection and Collaboration

158

(2)

Perspective on Instructional Components

160

(2)

Promoting Social, Emotional, and Behavioral Development

162

(45)

Assessment of Social, Emotional, and Behavioral Development

163

(13)

Commercial Observer-Rater Instruments

165

(2)

Commercial Measures of Adaptive Behavior

167

(2)

Self-Report Instruments

169

(3)

Sociometric Techniques

172

(2)

Naturalistic Observations

174

(2)

General Techniques for Promoting Social, Emotional, and Behavioral Development

176

(8)

Teach for Success

176

(2)

Focus on Promoting Proactivity

178

(1)

Promote Cooperation

178

(1)

Teach Self-Management

179

(1)

Model Target Behaviors and Attributes

179

(1)

Focus on Motivation through Behavior Modification

180

(3)

Activities for Increasing On-Task Behavior

183

(1)

Social Development Interventions

184

(2)

Social Skills Training

184

(2)

Social Development Activities

186

(1)

Instructional Games in Social Development

187

(1)

Commercial Social Development Programs

187

(1)

Emotional Development Interventions

188

(4)

Bibliotherapy

188

(1)

Attribution Retraining

189

(1)

Life-Space Interviewing

189

(1)

Reality Therapy

190

(1)

Techniques for Improving Mood States

191

(1)

Projective Techniques

191

(1)

Emotional Development Activities

192

(1)

Activities for Improving Reactions to Authority Figures

192

(1)

Activities for Enhancing Self-Concept

192

(1)

Instructional Games in Emotional Development

193

(1)

Commercial Emotional Development Programs

193

(1)

Behavioral Development Interventions

194

(9)

Positive Reinforcement Plan

195

(1)

Contingency Contracting

196

(1)

Token Systems

197

(1)

Extrinsic Reinforcement

198

(1)

Punishment

198

(5)

Techniques for Managing Surface Behaviors

203

(1)

Behavioral Development Activities

203

(1)

Instructional Games in Behavioral Development

204

(1)

Commercial Behavioral Development Programs

205

(1)

Perspective on Social, Emotional, and Behavioral Development

206

(1)

PART II TEACHING ACADEMIC SKILLS

207

(332)

Assessing and Teaching Language

208

(46)

Theories of Language Acquisition

210

(1)

Components of Language

210

(7)

Form: Phonology

211

(1)

Form: Morphology

212

(1)

Form: Syntax

213

(1)

Content: Semantics

214

(2)

Use: Pragmatics

216

(1)

Language Difficulties

217

(2)

Preschool and Kindergarten Students

217

(1)

Elementary Students

217

(1)

Secondary Students

218

(1)

Bilingual and Culturally Diverse Students

219

(2)

Assessment of Language Skills

221

(12)

Formal Language Assessment

222

(1)

Informal Language Assessment

223

(10)

Language Service Delivery Models

233

(3)

Pullout Therapy Model

233

(1)

Classroom-Based Language Models

234

(1)

Strategies-Based Model

235

(1)

Teaching Language Skills

236

(3)

Strategies for Increasing Language Comprehension

237

(1)

Strategies for Increasing Language Production

237

(1)

Imitation and Modeling Strategies

238

(1)

Parental Involvement

239

(1)

Language Activities

239

(3)

Instructional Games in Language

242

(4)

Self-Correcting Language Materials

246

(4)

Commercial Language Programs

250

(2)

Computer Software Programs in Language

252

(2)

Assessing Reading

254

(27)

The Reading Process

255

(5)

Adams's Model of the Reading Process

255

(2)

Chall's Reading Stages

257

(2)

Ehri's Phases of Sight Word Development

259

(1)

Emergent Literacy

260

(4)

Concepts about Print

262

(1)

Phonological Awareness

262

(2)

Assessment of Reading Skills

264

(17)

Formal Reading Assessment

264

(4)

Informal Reading Assessment

268

(13)

Teaching Reading

281

(59)

The Expanding Research Base in Reading

282

(1)

Components of Evidence-Based Reading Instruction

282

(10)

Phonological Awareness Training

283

(2)

Phonics Instruction

285

(1)

Fluency Instruction

286

(2)

Vocabulary Instruction

288

(2)

Comprehension Instruction

290

(2)

Core Reading Programs

292

(1)

Core Developmental Reading Approaches

293

(11)

Basal Reading Approach

293

(1)

Literature-Based Reading Approach

294

(1)

Whole Language Approach

295

(1)

Language Experience Approach

296

(2)

Phonics Approach

298

(5)

Linguistic Approach: Word Families and Onset-Rime

303

(1)

Remedial Reading Programs and Methods

304

(11)

Reading Mastery and Corrective Reading

304

(1)

Success for All

305

(1)

Reading Recovery

305

(1)

Multisensory Reading Method

306

(2)

Oral Reading Fluency Methods

308

(2)

Peer-Assisted Reading Method

310

(1)

High Interest--Low Vocabulary Method

311

(1)

Functional Reading

311

(4)

Designing a Reading Program

315

(4)

Use Effective Teaching Principles

315

(1)

Provide Prereading Experiences

316

(1)

Consider the Nature of Reading Development

316

(1)

Provide Explicit and Implicit Reading Instruction

317

(2)

Teaching Strategies in Reading

319

(2)

Keyword Method

319

(1)

Reciprocal Teaching

320

(1)

Mapping Strategies

320

(1)

Reading and Study Skills for Adolescents

321

(2)

Reading Rate

321

(1)

Study Skills

322

(1)

Learning Strategies

322

(1)

Reading Activities

323

(7)

Prereading Activities: Concepts About Print

323

(1)

Prereading Activities: Phonological Awareness

324

(1)

Word-Attack Activities

325

(2)

Fluency Activities

327

(1)

Vocabulary Activities

327

(1)

Comprehension Activities

328

(2)

Instructional Games in Reading

330

(2)

Self-Correcting Reading Materials

332

(3)

Commercial Reading Programs

335

(2)

Computer Software Programs in Reading

337

(3)

Assessing and Teaching Spelling

340

(26)

Assessment of Spelling Skills

342

(6)

Formal Spelling Assessment

342

(2)

Informal Spelling Assessment

344

(4)

Teaching Spelling Skills

348

(7)

Rule-Based Instruction

349

(1)

Multisensory Approach

350

(1)

Test-Study-Test Technique

351

(2)

Fixed and Flow Word Lists

353

(1)

Imitation Methods

354

(1)

Additional Considerations

354

(1)

Spelling Activities

355

(2)

Instructional Games in Spelling

357

(3)

Self-Correcting Spelling Materials

360

(3)

Commercial Spelling Programs

363

(1)

Computer Software Programs in Spelling

364

(2)

Assessing and Teaching Handwriting and Written Expression

366

(37)

Handwriting Problems

367

(1)

Assessment of Handwriting Skills

367

(3)

Formal Handwriting Assessment

367

(2)

Informal Handwriting Assessment

369

(1)

Teaching Handwriting Skills

370

(10)

Readiness Skills

374

(1)

Manuscript Writing

375

(2)

Transitional Writing

377

(1)

Cursive Writing

378

(2)

Typewriting and Keyboarding

380

(1)

Handwriting Activities

380

(2)

Readiness Activities

380

(1)

Manuscript Writing Activities

381

(1)

Cursive Writing Activities

382

(1)

Commercial Handwriting Programs

382

(1)

Written Expression Skills

383

(1)

Assessment of Written Expression Skills

384

(7)

Formal Written Expression Assessment

384

(1)

Informal Written Expression Assessment

384

(7)

Teaching Written Expression Skills

391

(6)

Process Approach to Writing

391

(3)

Writing Instruction

394

(3)

Written Expression Activities

397

(3)

Fluency and Syntax Development Activities

398

(1)

Vocabulary Development Activities

398

(1)

Structure Development Activities

398

(1)

Content Development Activities

399

(1)

Commercial Written Expression Programs

400

(1)

Computer Software Programs in Written Expression

401

(2)

Assessing Math

403

(24)

Development of Math Skills

405

(2)

Readiness for Number Instruction

405

(1)

Readiness for More Advanced Mathematics

406

(1)

Assessment Considerations

407

(4)

Examining Math Errors

407

(3)

Determining Level of Understanding

410

(1)

Determining Mastery Learning

411

(1)

Assessment of Math Skills

411

(16)

Formal Math Assessment

411

(1)

Informal Math Assessment

412

(15)

Teaching Math

427

(57)

Basic Terms and Processes

429

(1)

Research on Effective Math Instruction

429

(9)

Selecting Appropriate Mathematics Content

430

(1)

Teaching the Acquisition of Math

431

(3)

Teaching Mastery

434

(1)

Teaching Problem Solving

435

(1)

Teaching Generalization

436

(1)

Using Explicit-Implicit Math Instruction

437

(1)

Promoting a Positive Attitude Toward Math

438

(1)

Instructional Practices for Computation and Problem Solving

438

(24)

Thornton and Toohey Math Facts Program

438

(3)

Mercer and Miller Math Facts Program

441

(1)

Concrete-Semiconcrete-Abstract Activities

442

(8)

Basic Rules and Algorithms

450

(4)

Problem-Solving Interventions

454

(3)

Functional Math

457

(2)

Estimation

459

(2)

Calculators

461

(1)

Math Activities

462

(12)

Readiness

462

(1)

Place Value

463

(1)

General Computation

464

(1)

Addition

465

(1)

Subtraction

466

(1)

Multiplication

467

(2)

Division

469

(1)

Fractions

469

(2)

Time

471

(1)

Decimals/Money

472

(1)

Measurement

473

(1)

Word Problems

473

(1)

Instructional Games in Math

474

(3)

Self-Correcting Math Materials

477

(3)

Commercial Math Programs

480

(2)

Computer Software Programs in Math

482

(1)

Perspective

483

(1)

Teaching Learning Strategies, Content, and Study Skills

484

(37)

Motivation

486

(1)

Learning Strategies

487

(6)

Learning Strategies Curriculum

487

(2)

Features of Effective Learning Strategies

489

(1)

Instructional Procedures

489

(4)

Content Instruction

493

(12)

Content Enhancements

494

(7)

Adapting Materials

501

(1)

Assignments

502

(1)

Tutoring

503

(1)

Testing

504

(1)

Administrative Considerations

504

(1)

Study Skills

505

(14)

Preparatory Study Skills

505

(2)

Acquisition Study Skills

507

(7)

Recall Study Skills

514

(1)

Expression Study Skills

515

(4)

Commercial Learning Strategies and Study Skills Programs

519

(1)

Computer Software Programs in Learning Strategies and Study Skills

519

(2)

Promoting Transitions

521

(18)

Adults with Learning Disabilities

522

(3)

Transitions from Secondary Settings

525

(1)

Transition Program Components

525

(1)

Transition Program Participants and Transition Plans

526

(1)

Program Areas in Transition Education

526

(9)

Academic Interventions

527

(1)

Life Skills Instruction

528

(4)

Career and Vocational Education

532

(3)

Self-Advocacy and Self-Determination Instruction

535

(1)

College Students with Special Needs

535

(2)

Commercial Transition Education Programs

537

(1)

Computer Software Programs in Transition Education

538

(1)

Appendix A Scope and Sequence Skills Lists

539

(2)

Appendix B Publishers of Books, Tests, and Materials

541

(2)

References

543

(32)

Author Index

575

(8)

Subject Index

583

Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

Teaching Students With Learning Problems

Teaching Students With Learning Problems

9780131128071

0131128078

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Excerpts

Write a Review

Amazon no longer offers textbook rentals. We do!

Teaching Students With Learning Problems

Teaching Students With Learning Problems

9780131128071

0131128078

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Excerpts

Write a Review

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