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Basic Chemistry

ISBN: 9780321012340 | 0321012348
Format: Hardcover
Publisher: Prentice Hall
Pub. Date: 1/1/2005

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SummaryTable of Contents
Basic Chemistrygives readers the problem-solving tools and techniques they need to be successful in chemistry. The book's unique Guide to Problem-Solving strategy provides a visual, step-by-step plan that helps readers solve a wide variety of chemical problems. Abundant sample problems and practice problems throughout the chapter allow readers to practice and master quantitative skills. With two best-selling books under her belt, Timberlake emphasizes problem solving and engages readers with a clear writing style. Students learn about the impor... MORE
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Chemistry in Our Lives
1(20)
Chemistry and Chemicals
3(2)
Some Fundamental Ideas of Chemistry
5(4)
Scientific Method: Thinking like a Scientist
9(5)
Chem Note DDT: Good Pesticide, Bad Pesticide
13(1)
A Study Plan for Learning Chemistry
14(7)
Chapter Review
17(1)
Key Terms
17(1)
Questions for Teamwork
18(1)
Additional Questions and Problems
18(2)
Answers
20(1)
Measurements
21(48)
Units of Measurement
22(3)
Scientific Notation
25(4)
Measured Numbers and Significant Figures
29(3)
Significant Figures in Calculations
32(4)
SI and Metric Prefixes
36(4)
Writing Conversion Factors
40(5)
Problem Solving
45(8)
Density
53(5)
Temperature
58(11)
Chem Note Variation in Body Temperature
62(1)
Chapter Review
63(1)
Key Terms
64(1)
Questions for Teamwork
64(1)
Additional Questions and Problems
65(1)
Answers
66(3)
Atoms and Elements
69(34)
Classification of Matter
70(4)
Elements and Symbols
74(3)
Chem Note Toxicity of Mercury
76(1)
The Periodic Table
77(7)
Chem Note Elements Essential to Health
83(1)
The Atom
84(3)
Atomic Number and Mass Number
87(4)
Isotopes and Atomic Mass
91(12)
Chapter Review
95(1)
Key Terms
95(1)
Questions for Teamwork
96(1)
Additional Questions and Problems
97(2)
Answers
99(4)
Electronic Structure and Periodic Trends
103(36)
Electromagnetic Radiation
104(5)
Chem Note Biological Reactions to UV Light
107(2)
Atomic Spectra and Energy Levels
109(3)
Energy Levels, Sublevels, and Orbitals
112(4)
Writing Orbital Diagrams and Electron Configurations
116(10)
Electron Configurations and the Periodic Table
Periodic Trends of the Elements
126(13)
Chapter Review
132(1)
Key Terms
132(1)
Questions for Teamwork
133(1)
Additional Questions and Problems
133(2)
Answers
135(4)
Ionic Compounds
139(34)
Valence Electrons and Electron-Dot Symbols
141(1)
Octet Rule and Ions
142(6)
Chem Note Some Uses for Note Cases
143(3)
Chem Note Some Important Ions in the Body
146(2)
Ionic Compounds
148(4)
Naming and Writing Ionic Formulas
152(7)
Polyatomic Ions
159(14)
Chem Note Polyatomic Ions in Bone and Teeth
162(5)
Chapter Review
167(1)
Key Terms
167(1)
Questions for Teamwork
167(1)
Additional Questions and Problems
168(1)
Answers
169(4)
Molecules and Covalent Compounds
173(36)
Names and Formulas of Covalent Compounds
174(3)
Covalent Bonds and Electron-Dot Formulas
177(7)
Multiple Covalent Bonds and Resonance
184(5)
Shapes of Molecules and Ions (VSEPR Theory)
189(6)
Chem Note The Chemical Sense of Taste and Smell
194(1)
Electronegativity and Bond Polarity
195(5)
Polarity of Molecules
200(9)
Chapter Review
202(1)
Key Terms
203(1)
Questions for Teamwork
203(1)
Additional Questions and Problems
204(1)
Answers
205(4)
Chemical Quantities
209(32)
Atomic Mass and Formula Mass
210(5)
The Mole
215(4)
Molar Mass
219(3)
Calculations Using Molar Mass
222(4)
Percent Composition and Empirical Formulas
226(7)
Chem Note Chemistry of Fertilizers
228(5)
Molecular Formulas
233(8)
Chapter Review
236(1)
Key Terms
237(1)
Questions for Teamwork
237(1)
Additional Questions and Problems
237(2)
Answers
239(2)
Chemical Reactions
241(44)
Chemical Reactions
242(3)
Chemical Equations
245(3)
Balancing a Chemical Equation
248(5)
Types of Reactions
253(7)
Chem Note Smog and Health Concerns
259(1)
Mole Relationships in Chemical Equations
260(6)
Mass Calculations for Reactions
266(4)
Limiting Reactants
270(6)
Percent Yield
276(9)
Chapter Review
279(1)
Key Terms
279(1)
Questions for Teamwork
280(1)
Additional Questions and Problems
280(2)
Answers
282(3)
Energy and States of Matter
285(44)
Heat and Energy
286(4)
Chem Note Global Warming
289(1)
Units of Energy and Specific Heat
290(3)
Calculations Using Specific Heat
293(8)
Chem Note Energy and Nutrition
298(3)
States of Matter
301(2)
Attractive Forces Between Particles
303(3)
Changes of States
306(12)
Chem Note Steam Burns
311(7)
Energy in Chemical Reaction
318(11)
Chem Note Hot Packs and Cold Packs
321(1)
Chapter Review
322(1)
Key Terms
323(1)
Questions for Teamwork
324(1)
Additional Questions and Problems
324(1)
Answers
325(4)
Gases
329(46)
Properties of Gases
330(4)
Chem Note Measuring Blood Pressure
333(1)
Gas Pressure
334(3)
Chem Note Hyperbaric Chambers
336(1)
Pressure and Volume (Boyle's Law)
337(4)
Chem Note Pressure-Volume Relationship in Breathing
339(2)
Temperature and Volume (Charles' Law)
341(3)
Temperature and Pressure (Gay-Lussac's Law)
344(3)
The Combined Gas Law
347(2)
Volume and Moles (Avogadro's Law)
349(6)
The Ideal Gas Law
355(4)
Gas Laws and Chemical Reactions
359(3)
Partial Pressures (Dalton's Law)
362(13)
Chem Note Blood Gases
365(3)
Chapter Review
368(1)
Key Terms
369(1)
Questions for Teamwork
370(1)
Additional Questions and Problems
370(2)
Answers
372(3)
Solutions
375(42)
Solutions
376(4)
Electrolytes and Nonelectrolytes
380(9)
Solubility
389(3)
Chem Note Gout and Kidney Stones: A Problem of Saturation in Body Fluids
390(2)
Percent Concentration
392(4)
Molarity
396(8)
Solutions in Chemical Reactions
404(13)
Chapter Review
410(1)
Key Terms
411(1)
Questions for Teamwork
411(1)
Additional Questions and Problems
412(1)
Answers
413(4)
Chemical Equilibrium
417(42)
Rates of Reactions
419(4)
Chem Note Catalytic Converters
423(1)
Chemical Equilibrium
423(3)
Equilibrium Constants
426(5)
Using Equilibrium Constants
431(6)
Changing Equilibrium Conditions: Le Chatelier's Principle
437(10)
Chem Note Oxygen-Hemoglobin Equilibrium and Hypoxia
440(6)
Chem Note Homeostasis: Regulation of Body Temperature
446(1)
Equilibrium in Saturated Solutions
447(12)
Chapter Review
452(1)
Key Terms
452(1)
Questions for Teamwork
453(1)
Additional Questions and Problems
453(3)
Answers
456(3)
Acids and Bases
459(46)
Acids and Bases
460(5)
Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs
465(3)
Strengths of Acids and Bases
468(3)
Dissociation Constants
471(3)
Dissociation of Water
474(4)
The pH Scale
478(7)
Chem Note Stomach Acid, HCl
483(1)
Chem Note Acid Rain
484(1)
Reactions of Acids and Bases
485(4)
Chem Note Antacids
488(1)
Acid-Base Titration
489(3)
Acid-Base Properties of Salt Solutions
492(3)
Buffers
495(10)
Chem Note Buffers in the Blood
499(1)
Chapter Review
499(1)
Key Terms
500(1)
Questions for Teamwork
501(1)
Additional Questions and Problems
501(1)
Answers
502(3)
Oxidation-Reduction: Transfer of Electrons
505(40)
Oxidation and Reduction
506(4)
Oxidation Numbers
510(6)
Balancing Oxidation-Reducation Equations
516(8)
Electrical Energy from Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
524(9)
Chem Note Corrosion: Oxidation of Metals
527(4)
Chem Note Fuel Cells: Clean Energy for the Future
531(2)
Oxidation-Reduction Reactions That Require Electricity
533(12)
Chapter Review
537(1)
Key Terms
538(1)
Questions for Teamwork
538(1)
Additional Questions and Problems
539(2)
Answers
541(4)
Nuclear Radiation
545(36)
Natural Radioactivity
546(5)
Chem Note Biological Effects of Radiation
548(3)
Nuclear Equations
551(8)
Chem Note Radon in Our Homes
553(6)
Radiation Measurement
559(5)
Chem Note Radiation and Food
563(1)
Half-Life of a Radioisotope
564(4)
Chem Note Dating Ancient Objects
567(1)
Medical Applications Using Radioactivity
568(2)
Nuclear Fission and Fusion
570(11)
Chem Note Nuclear Power Plants
573(2)
Chapter Review
575(1)
Key Terms
575(1)
Questions for Teamwork
576(1)
Additional Questions and Problems
576(2)
Answers
578(3)
Organic Chemistry
581(66)
Organic Compounds
582(3)
Alkanes
585(10)
Chem Note Crude Oil
592(1)
Chem Note Incomplete Combustion
593(2)
Functional Groups
595(4)
Alkenes and Alkynes
599(5)
Chem Note Pheromones in Insect Communication
602(1)
Chem Note Hydrogenation of Unsaturated Fats
603(1)
Polymers
604(3)
Aromatic Compounds
607(2)
Chem Note Some Common Aromatic Compounds
608(1)
Alcohols and Ethers
609(8)
Chem Note Some Important Alcohols and Phenols
612(3)
Chem Note Oxidation of Alcohol in the Body
615(2)
Aldehydes and Ketones
617(5)
Chem Note Some Important Aldehydes and Ketones
620(2)
Carboxylic Acids and Esters
622(8)
Chem Note Alpha Hydroxy Acids
625(2)
Chem Note Salicylic Acid and Aspirin
627(3)
Amines and Amides
630(17)
Chem Note Amines in Health and Medicine
631(1)
Chem Note Alkaloids: Amines in Plants
632(3)
Chapter Review
635(1)
Summary of Naming
636(1)
Summary of Reactions
637(1)
Key Terms
638(1)
Questions for Teamwork
639(1)
Additional Questions and Problems
639(3)
Answers
642(5)
Biochemistry
647
Carbohydrates
648(6)
Chem Note Hyperglycemia and Hypoglycemia
650(4)
Disaccharides and Polysacharides
654(7)
Chem Note How Sweet Is My Sweetener?
655(6)
Lipids
661(9)
Chem Note Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Fish Oils
662(4)
Chem Note Olestra: A Fat Substitute
666(2)
Chem Note Trans Fatty Acids and Hydrogenation
668(2)
Proteins
670(4)
Protein Structure
674(8)
Chem Note Protein Structure and Mad Cow Disease
677(1)
Chem Note Essential Amino Acids
678(4)
Proteins as Enzymes
682(2)
Nucleic Acids
684(6)
Protein Synthesis
690
Chapter Review
693(1)
Key Terms
694(2)
Questions for Teamwork
696(1)
Additional Questions and Problems
696(1)
Answers
697
Credits1(1)
Glossary/Index1

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