Rent 9780534258269 | Argumentation and Debate : Critical Thinking for Reasoned Decision Making

Summary Table of Contents

This text presents a clear and concise explanation of argumentation and provides models for good argumentation, particularly as it applies to academic debate.

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Preface	p. xv
Critical Thinking	p. 1
Debate	p. 4
Individual Decisions	p. 7
Group Discussion	p. 8
Persuasion	p. 9
Propaganda	p. 10
Coercion	p. 11
Combination of Methods	p. 12
Exercises	p. 12
Applied and Academic Debate	p. 15
Applied Debate	p. 15
Academic Debate	p. 18
Ethical Standards for Debate	p. 30
Exercises	p. 33
Stating the Controversy	p. 35
Defining the Controversy	p. 36
Phrasing the Debate Proposition	p. 37
Presumption and Burden of Proof	p. 39
Types of Debate Propositions	p. 45
Exercises	p. 48
Analyzing the Controversy	p. 50
The Importance of Defining Terms	p. 50
Methods of Defining Terms	p. 52
Issues	p. 60
Exercises	p. 70
Exploring the Controversy	p. 72
Brainstorming for Ideas	p. 72
Locating Sources of Material	p. 75
Reading with a Purpose	p. 81
Reading Critically	p. 82
Recording Materials	p. 82
Organizing Materials	p. 86
Exercises	p. 88
Evidence	p. 90
Sources of Evidence	p. 92
Types of Evidence	p. 97
The Probative Force of Evidence	p. 105
Exercises	p. 107
Tests of Evidence	p. 108
Uses of Tests of Evidence	p. 108
Tests of Credible Evidence	p. 110
Tests of Audience Acceptability	p. 126
Exercises	p. 130
The Structure of Reasoning	p. 132
The Classical Structures	p. 132
The Elements of Any Argument	p. 142
Extending the Elements of an Argument	p. 146
Exercises	p. 147
Types of Reasoning	p. 148
The Degree of Cogency	p. 148
Tests of Reasoning and Their Uses	p. 151
General Tests of Reasoning	p. 152
Types of Reasoning and Tests for Each Type	p. 153
Exercises	p. 166
Obstacles to Clear Thinking	p. 167
Fallacies of Evidence	p. 169
Fallacies of Reasoning	p. 169
Fallacies of Language	p. 171
Fallacies of Pseudoarguments	p. 173
Exercises	p. 179
Requirements of the Case	p. 181
Requirements of a Prima Facie Case	p. 182
Requirements of a Value Case	p. 183
Requirements of a Policy Case	p. 185
Requirements Common to Both Value and Policy Propositions	p. 190
Exercises	p. 194
Building the Affirmative Case	p. 196
Objectives of the Affirmative Case	p. 197
Proposition of Value Affirmative Cases	p. 198
Proposition of Policy Affirmative Cases	p. 200
Building for Optimum Capability	p. 217
Exercises	p. 218
Building the Negative Case	p. 220
Objectives of the Negative Case	p. 220
Proposition of Value Negative Cases	p. 222
Proposition of Policy Negative Cases	p. 224
Exercises	p. 249
Refutation	p. 250
Shifting the Burden of Rebuttal	p. 250
Purpose and Place of Refutation	p. 251
Preparing for Refutation	p. 252
Arranging Material for Refutation	p. 254
Selecting Evidence and Reasoning	p. 254
The Structure of Refutation	p. 260
Methods of Refutation	p. 262
Exercises	p. 263
Presenting the Case: Composition	p. 264
Analysis of the Audience	p. 264
Written and Oral Styles	p. 269
A Philosophy of Style	p. 270
Factors of Style in Speech Composition	p. 270
Rhetorical Factors in Speech Composition	p. 274
Editing	p. 280
Exercises	p. 280
Presenting the Case: Delivery	p. 282
Methods of Delivery	p. 282
Steps to Good Delivery	p. 286
Nonverbal Communication	p. 288
Special Considerations: Tournament Debate Delivery	p. 292
Exercises	p. 293
Evaluating the Debate	p. 295
Functions of the Judge	p. 295
Judging Philosophies	p. 300
Functions of the Ballot	p. 306
Special Ballots for Special Purposes	p. 308
Exercises	p. 309
Modern Procedures: Academic Debate Formats	p. 310
Formats of Debate	p. 310
The Audience	p. 323
Adapting the Debate to Communications Media	p. 324
Exercises	p. 327
Applied Parliamentary Debate	p. 329
Sources of Parliamentary Debate Rules	p. 330
The Order of Business	p. 331
Presentation of Motions	p. 332
Precedence of Motions	p. 333
Purposes of Motions	p. 333
Unanimous Consent	p. 338
Exercises	p. 338
Presidential Debate	p. 341
The 1996 Clinton-Dole Debate	p. 343
Exercises	p. 368
National Championship Debate	p. 370
Exercises	p. 411
National Intercollegiate Debate Propositions (NDT)	p. 422
National Intercollegiate Debate Propositions (CEDA)	p. 428
Debate Bibliography	p. 431
Glossary of Terms in Argumentation and Debate	p. 456
Index	p. 465
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