Rent 9780415890205 | The American Culture of War: A History of US Military Force from World War II to Operation Endu...

Summary Table of Contents

The American Culture of Warpresents a sweeping critical examination of every major American war since 1941. Timely, incisive, and comprehensive, it is a unique and invaluable survey of over sixty years of American military history.

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Acknowledgments	p. xiii
Abbreviations	p. xv
Military Map Symbols	p. xviii
Illustrations	p. xix
Introduction	p. 1
Tradition and the Envisioned Future Collide	p. 7
Culture, Genes, and War	p. 9
Culture	p. 10
Axioms of Cultural Theory	p. 14
Genes and Culture	p. 18
War and Human Nature	p. 22
Traditional American Thinking About the Conduct of War	p. 24
Traditional Practices No Longer Worked	p. 24
The Culture of Equality of Sacrifice	p. 27
The Culture of Inequality of Outcome	p. 31
The Culture of Wealth and Consumption	p. 32
The Culture of Science and Technology	p. 35
Tenets of American Culture	p. 37
The Legacy of World War II: Man versus Machine	p. 40
WWII Air War Doctrine vs. WWII Ground War Doctrine	p. 41
The Army�s Practice of War	p. 42
Airpower: A New Practice of War	p. 48
The Navy and Marine Corps	p. 59
Truman, the Cold War, and the Creation of a New National Military Establishment, 1945-1950	p. 65
Truman, the Policy of Containment, and National Strategy	p. 66
Strategic Airpower and National Military Strategy	p. 72
Army Opposition	p. 81
The Korean War, The Opening Phases, 1950-1951	p. 85
The Korean War	p. 86
The Opening Phase: Walker�s Battle for Pusan	p. 92
The Inchon Landing	p. 98
Crossing the 38th Parallel and the Chinese Intervention	p. 103
Ridgway Takes Command: The Ground War	p. 108
The Korean War, The Final Phases, 1951-1953	p. 117
The Air War	p. 119
Censorship, the Media, and Public Opinion	p. 125
The Relief of General Douglas MacArthur	p. 129
New Personnel Policies: The Results of Transformation	p. 132
The Final Phase of the War: Defensive War of Attrition	p. 142
The Effort to Adapt	p. 149
Eisenhower, the Cold War, and Massive Retaliation, 1953-1960	p. 151
Eisenhower�s Vision of War: The New Look	p. 152
The Army�s Fight against the New Look and the Doctrine of Massive Retaliation	p. 156
The Chaotic Array of Nuclear Technologies	p. 166
The New National Military Command Structure, Civil-Military Relations, and the Growth of Militarism, 1945-1975	p. 171
The National Military Command Structure	p. 173
Civil-Military Relations: Conflicting Loyalties	p. 184
The Iron Triangle and the Growth of Militarism	p. 193
Kennedy, McNamara, and Artificial Limited War, 1961-1963	p. 199
Theories of Artificial Limited War	p. 201
Kennedy: The Adoption of New Doctrines for War	p. 208
Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara	p. 210
McNamara�s Reorganization of the Army	p. 216
Army Aviation: the Helicopter	p. 218
Communist Revolutionary War Doctrine and Army Counter-Revolutionary War Doctrine	p. 221
The Vietnam War, The Opening Phases, 1955-1967	p. 228
Geography and Strategy	p. 229
The Vietnam War: Explaining American Involvement	p. 231
The Advisory Phase	p. 235
Johnson and the Americanization Phase	p. 239
The Air War: Graduated Response	p. 241
The Ground War: The Marine Corps vs. The Army	p. 249
The Vietnam War, The Final Phases, 1967-1975	p. 262
Censorship, the Media, and Public Opinion	p. 263
New Personnel Policies: The Result of Transformation	p. 265
McNamara Changes Course	p. 274
The Tet Offensive	p. 276
Nixon and the Vietnamization Phase	p. 280
The Recovery and Reorganization of the Armed Forces of the United States, 1975-1990	p. 289
The �Revolution� in Strategic Bombing Doctrine	p. 290
To Rebuild an Army: Back to the Future	p. 294
The Marine Corps�s "New� Maneuver Warfare Doctrine	p. 298
The Weinberger Strategic Doctrine: No More Graduated Response	p. 300
The Goldwater Nichols Act: More Revision to the National Command Structure	p. 302
The New American Practice of War	p. 309
The Persian Gulf War: Operation Desert Shield, 1990-1991	p. 311
Saddam Hussein�s Decision to Invade Kuwait	p. 312
The Iraqi Army: Too Much Respect and Awe	p. 315
Bush�s War, or America�s War?	p. 318
Operation Desert Shield/Storm: Theater Strategy	p. 321
The Persian Gulf War: Operation Desert Storm, 1991	p. 331
The Air War	p. 332
The Ground War	p. 339
Military Victory and Political Failure	p. 357
The Media and Public Opinion	p. 361
The Verdict	p. 363
The New American Practice of War: War Without the People	p. 366
War Without the People: The Clustering of America	p. 368
Civil-Military Relations: Who�s in Charge?	p. 373
The Revolution in Military Affairs	p. 376
Jointness and Force Structure	p. 383
The Global War on Terrorism and The War in Afghanistan: Operation Enduring Freedom, 2001-2011	p. 391
Al-Qaeda vs. The Bush Administration	p. 392
Terrorism and Counterterrorism	p. 395
The Response: The GWOT and Bush Doctrine of Preemptive War	p. 398
The War in Afghanistan: Operation Enduring Freedom, 2001-2008	p. 404
Obama�s War in Afghanistan: Operation Enduring Freedom, 2008-2011	p. 412
The Second Persian Gulf War: Operation Iraqi Freedom I, The Conventional War, 2003	p. 421
The Arguments and Decision for War	p. 422
Operational Doctrine: Shock and Awe	p. 431
Theater Strategy: Franks vs. Rumsfeld	p. 433
Opposing Forces	p. 438
The Air War	p. 441
The Ground War	p. 443
The Second Persian Gulf War: Operation Iraqi Freedom II, The Counterinsurgency War, 2003-2010	p. 454
The Media, Public Opinion, and War	p. 457
What Went Wrong: The Insurgency War	p. 461
The Multi-National Force-Iraq: New Leadership, New Strategy, New Commitment	p. 467
The New Way Forward: New Strategy, Leadership, Doctrine, and Tactics	p. 473
Rumsfeld's War	p. 482
The American Culture of War and the Future of Warfare	p. 485
The American Culture of War	p. 486
The Future of Warfare	p. 494
Notes	p. 502
Index	p. 556
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